1 Kerberos Version 5, Release 1.8
6 Copyright and Other Notices
7 ---------------------------
9 Copyright (C) 1985-2010 by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
10 and its contributors. All rights reserved.
12 Please see the file named NOTICE for additional notices.
14 MIT Kerberos is a project of the MIT Kerberos Consortium. For more
15 information about the Kerberos Consortium, see http://kerberos.org/
17 For more information about the MIT Kerberos software, see
18 http://web.mit.edu/kerberos/
20 People interested in participating in the MIT Kerberos development
21 effort should see http://k5wiki.kerberos.org/
23 Building and Installing Kerberos 5
24 ----------------------------------
26 The first file you should look at is doc/install-guide.ps; it contains
27 the notes for building and installing Kerberos 5. The info file
28 krb5-install.info has the same information in info file format. You
29 can view this using the GNU emacs info-mode, or by using the
30 standalone info file viewer from the Free Software Foundation. This
31 is also available as an HTML file, install.html.
33 Other good files to look at are admin-guide.ps and user-guide.ps,
34 which contain the system administrator's guide, and the user's guide,
35 respectively. They are also available as info files
36 kerberos-admin.info and krb5-user.info, respectively. These files are
37 also available as HTML files.
39 If you are attempting to build under Windows, please see the
40 src/windows/README file.
45 Please report any problems/bugs/comments using the krb5-send-pr
46 program. The krb5-send-pr program will be installed in the sbin
47 directory once you have successfully compiled and installed Kerberos
48 V5 (or if you have installed one of our binary distributions).
50 If you are not able to use krb5-send-pr because you haven't been able
51 compile and install Kerberos V5 on any platform, you may send mail to
54 Please keep in mind that unencrypted e-mail is not secure. If you need
55 to report a security vulnerability, or send sensitive information,
56 please PGP-encrypt it to krbcore-security@mit.edu.
58 You may view bug reports by visiting
60 http://krbdev.mit.edu/rt/
62 and logging in as "guest" with password "guest".
67 The krb5-1.8 release disables single-DES cryptosystems by default. As
68 a result, you may need to add the libdefaults setting
69 "allow_weak_crypto = true" to communicate with existing Kerberos
70 infrastructures if they do not support stronger ciphers.
72 The Data Encryption Standard (DES) is widely recognized as weak. The
73 krb5-1.7 release contains measures to encourage sites to migrate away
74 from using single-DES cryptosystems. Among these is a configuration
75 variable that enables "weak" enctypes, which now defaults to "false"
76 beginning with krb5-1.8. The krb5-1.8 release includes additional
77 measures to ease the transition away from single-DES. These
78 additional measures include:
80 * enctype config enhancements (so you can do "DEFAULT +des", etc.)
81 * new API to allow applications (e.g. AFS) to explicitly reenable weak
83 * easier kadmin history key changes
85 Major changes in 1.8.3
86 ----------------------
90 GSS-API context expiration -- the gss_wrap and gss_unwrap
91 functions no longer check for ticket expiration. Applications
92 wishing to enforce ticket lifetimes should check using the
93 gss_inquire_context function. The previous behavior of checking
94 for ticket expiration produced results that were not expected by
95 application developers, and could lead to poor user experience.
97 * Fix an interoperability issue when the Microsoft HMAC-MD5 checksum
98 type was used with non-RC4 keys.
100 * Fix an interoperability issue with ephemeral Diffie-Hellman key
101 exchange in PKINIT that would happen for less than 1% of
104 krb5-1.8.3 changes by ticket ID
105 -------------------------------
107 6345 no kdb5_util stash equivalent with LDAP database
108 6738 PKINIT DH exchange occasionally produces mismatch
109 6739 Behavior change: gssapi context expiration
110 6740 kadmin ktadd may display wrong name of default keytab
111 6744 only test t_locate_kdc if known-good DNS name is present
112 6745 Add correct error table when initializing gss-krb5
113 6750 krb5kdc doesn't parse the -P command-line option correctly
114 6751 Allow Microsoft HMAC-MD5 checksum types to use non-RC4 keys
116 Major changes in 1.8.2
117 ----------------------
119 This is primarily a bugfix release.
121 * Fix vulnerabilities:
122 ** CVE-2010-1320 KDC double free caused by ticket renewal
123 (MITKRB5-SA-2010-004)
124 ** CVE-2010-1321 GSS-API lib null pointer deref (MITKRB5-SA-2010-005)
126 * Allow numeric IPv6 addresses for configuring KDC locations.
128 krb5-1.8.2 changes by ticket ID
129 -------------------------------
131 6562 kinit not working if kdc is configured with numerical IPv6 address
132 6696 gss_accept_sec_context doesn't produce error tokens
133 6697 segfault caused by dlerror returning NULL
134 6698 kproplog displays incorrect iprop timestamps on 64-bit platforms
135 6702 CVE-2010-1320 KDC double free caused by ticket renewal
136 (MITKRB5-SA-2010-004)
137 6711 memory leak in process_tgs_req in r23724
138 6718 Make KADM5_FAIL_AUTH_COUNT_INCREMENT more robust with LDAP
139 6722 Error handling bug in krb5_init_creds_init()
140 6725 CVE-2010-1321 GSS-API lib null pointer deref (MITKRB5-SA-2010-005)
141 6726 SPNEGO doesn't interoperate with Windows 2000
142 6730 kdc_tcp_ports not documented in kdc.conf.M
143 6734 FAST negotiation could erroneously succeed
145 Major changes in 1.8.1
146 ----------------------
148 This is primarily a bugfix release.
150 * MITKRB5-SA-2010-002 CVE-2010-0628 denial of service in SPNEGO
152 * Support IPv6 in kpasswd client.
154 * Fix an authorization data type number assignment that conflicted
155 with an undocumented Microsoft usage.
157 krb5-1.8.1 changes by ticket ID
158 -------------------------------
160 6661 [RFE] properly support IPv6 in kpasswd
161 6668 Two problems in kadm5_get_principal mask handling
162 6674 memory leak in SPNEGO
163 6676 Ignore improperly encoded signedpath AD elements
164 6678 use of freed memory in gss_import_sec_context error path
165 6680 the "ticket_lifetime" setting isn't documented
166 6681 krb5_get_init_creds_password() can crash with NULL options and
168 6683 kpasswd doesn't guess the client principal name correctly
170 6685 handle NT_SRV_INST in service principal referrals
171 6687 Change KRB5_AUTHDATA_SIGNTICKET from 142 to 512
172 6689 krb5_typed_data not castable to krb5_pa_data on 64-bit MacOSX
173 6690 MITKRB5-SA-2010-002 CVE-2010-0628 denial of service in SPNEGO
174 6693 Fix backwards flag output in krb5_init_creds_step()
179 The krb5-1.8 release contains a large number of changes, featuring
180 improvements in the following broad areas:
183 * Developer experience
185 * End-user experience
186 * Administrator experience
191 * Move toward test-driven development -- new features have test code,
192 or at least written testing procedures.
194 * Remove applications to a separate distribution to simplify
195 independent maintenance.
197 * Increase conformance to coding style
199 + "The great reindent"
201 + Selective refactoring
203 Developer experience:
205 * Crypto modularity -- vendors can more easily substitute their own
206 crypto implementations, which might be hardware-accelerated or
207 validated to FIPS 140, for the builtin crypto implementation that
208 has historically shipped as part of MIT Kerberos. Currently, only
209 an OpenSSL provider is included, but others are planned for the
212 * Move toward improved KDB interface
214 * Improved API for verifying and interrogating authorization data
218 * Investigate and remedy repeatedly-reported performance bottlenecks.
220 * Encryption performance -- new crypto API with opaque key structures,
221 to allow for optimizations such as caching of derived keys
225 * Reduce DNS dependence by implementing an interface that allows
226 client library to track whether a KDC supports service principal
229 Administrator experience:
231 * Disable DES by default -- this reduces security exposure from using
232 an increasingly insecure cipher.
234 * More versatile crypto configuration, to simplify migration away from
235 DES -- new configuration syntax to allow inclusion and exclusion of
236 specific algorithms relative to a default set.
238 * Account lockout for repeated login failures -- mitigates online
239 password guessing attacks, and helps with some enterprise regulatory
242 * Bridge layer to allow Heimdal HDB modules to act as KDB backend
243 modules. This provides a migration path from a Heimdal to an MIT
248 * FAST enhancements -- preauthentication framework enhancements to
249 allow a client to securely negotiate the use of FAST with a KDC of
250 unknown capabilities.
252 * Microsoft Services for User (S4U) compatibility: S4U2Self, also
253 known as "protocol transition", allows for service to ask a KDC for
254 a ticket to themselves on behalf of a client authenticated via a
255 different means; S4U2Proxy allows a service to ask a KDC for a
256 ticket to another service on behalf of a client.
258 * Anonymous PKINIT -- allows the use of public-key cryptography to
259 anonymously authenticate to a realm
261 * Support doing constrained delegation similar to Microsoft's
262 S4U2Proxy without the use of the Windows PAC. This functionality
263 uses a protocol compatible with Heimdal.
265 krb5-1.8 changes by ticket ID
266 -----------------------------
268 5468 delete kadmin v1 support
269 6206 new API for storing extra per-principal data in ccache
270 6434 krb5_cc_resolve() will crash if a null name param is provided
271 6454 Make krb5_mkt_resolve error handling work
272 6510 Restore limited support for static linking
273 6539 Enctype list configuration enhancements
274 6546 KDB should use enctype of stashed master key
275 6547 Modify kadm5 initializers to accept krb5 contexts
276 6563 Implement s4u extensions
277 6564 s4u extensions integration broke test suite...
278 6565 HP-UX IA64 wrong endian
279 6572 Implement GSS naming extensions and authdata verification
280 6576 Implement new APIs to allow improved crypto performance
281 6577 Account lockout for repeated login failures
282 6578 Heimdal DB bridge plugin for KDC back end
283 6580 Constrained delegation without PAC support
284 6582 Memory leak in _kadm5_init_any introduced with ipropd
285 6583 Unbundle applications into separate repository
286 6586 libkrb5 support for non-blocking AS requests
287 6590 allow testing even if name->addr->name mapping doesn't work
288 6591 fix slow behavior on Mac OS X with link-local addresses
289 6592 handle negative enctypes better
290 6593 Remove dependency on /bin/csh in test suite
291 6595 FAST (preauth framework) negotiation
292 6597 Add GSS extensions to store credentials, generate random bits
293 6598 gss_init_sec_context potential segfault
294 6599 memory leak in krb5_rd_req_decrypt_tkt_part
295 6600 gss_inquire_context cannot handle no target name from mechanism
296 6601 gsssspi_set_cred_option cannot handle mech specific option
297 6603 issues with SPNEGO
298 6605 PKINIT client should validate SAN for TGS, not service principal
299 6606 allow testing when offline
300 6607 anonymous PKINIT
301 6616 Fix spelling and hyphen errors in man pages
302 6618 Support optional creation of PID files for krb5kdc and kadmind
303 6620 kdc_supported_enctypes does nothing; eradicate mentions thereof
304 6621 disable weak crypto by default
305 6622 kinit_fast fails if weak enctype is among client principal keys
306 6623 Always treat anonymous as preauth required
307 6624 automated tests for anonymous pkinit
308 6625 yarrow code does not initialize keyblock enctype and uses
310 6626 Restore interoperability with 1.6 addprinc -randkey
311 6627 Set enctype in crypto_tests to prevent memory leaks
312 6628 krb5int_dk_string_to_key fails to set enctype
313 6629 krb5int_derive_key results in cache with uninitialized values
314 6630 krb5int_pbkdf2_hmac_sha1 fails to set enctype on keyblock
315 6632 Simplify and fix FAST check for keyed checksum type
316 6634 Use keyed checksum type for DES FAST
317 6640 Make history key exempt from permitted_enctypes
318 6642 Add test program for decryption of overly short buffers
319 6643 Problem with krb5 libcom_err vs. system libcom_err
320 6644 Change basename of libkadm5 libraries to avoid Heimdal conflict
321 6645 Add krb5_allow_weak_crypto API
322 6648 define MIN() in lib/gssapi/krb5/prf.c
323 6649 Get rid of kdb_ext.h and allow out-of-tree KDB plugins
324 6651 Handle migration from pre-1.7 databases with master key
325 kvno != 1 (1.8 pullup)
326 6652 Make decryption of master key list more robust
327 6653 set_default_enctype_var should filter not reject weak enctypes
328 6654 Fix greet_server build
329 6655 Fix cross-realm handling of AD-SIGNEDPATH
330 6656 krb5int_fast_free_state segfaults if state is null
331 6657 enc_padata can include empty sequence
332 6658 Implement gss_set_neg_mechs
333 6659 Additional memory leaks in kdc
334 6660 Minimal support for updating history key
335 6662 MITKRB5-SA-2010-001 CVE-2010-0283 KDC denial of service
336 6663 update mkrel to deal with changed source layout
337 6665 Fix cipher state chaining in OpenSSL back end
338 6669 doc updates for allow_weak_crypto
343 Past and present Sponsors of the MIT Kerberos Consortium:
346 Carnegie Mellon University
350 The Department of Defense of the United States of America (DoD)
352 Iowa State University
354 Michigan State University
356 The National Aeronautics and Space Administration
357 of the United States of America (NASA)
358 Network Appliance (NetApp)
359 Nippon Telephone and Telegraph (NTT)
361 Pennsylvania State University
365 The University of Alaska
366 The University of Michigan
367 The University of Pennsylvania
369 Past and present members of the Kerberos Team at MIT:
422 The following external contributors have provided code, patches, bug
423 reports, suggestions, and valuable resources:
442 Christopher D. Clausen
463 Love Hörnquist Åstrand
475 Jan iankko Lieskovsky
508 The above is not an exhaustive list; many others have contributed in
509 various ways to the MIT Kerberos development effort over the years.
510 Other acknowledgments (for bug reports and patches) are in the