1 # Copyright (C) 2011-2012 W. Trevor King <wking@tremily.us>
3 # This file is part of pycomedi.
5 # pycomedi is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
6 # terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
7 # Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
10 # pycomedi is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
11 # WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
12 # A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
14 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
15 # pycomedi. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
17 """Pythonic wrappers for converting between Comedilib and physical units
19 For one-off conversions, use the functions `comedi_to_physical` and
20 `comedi_from_physical`. For repeated conversions, use an instance of
21 `CalibratedConverter`.
24 from libc cimport stdlib as _stdlib
25 from libc cimport string as _string
26 cimport numpy as _numpy
27 import numpy as _numpy
32 import constant as _constant
33 import utility as _utility
36 cdef void _python_to_charp(char **charp, object obj, object encoding):
37 """Convert a Python string into a `char *`.
39 Cython automatically converts string or byte array to a `char *`
40 for use with external C libraries. However, the resulting
41 pointers are only valid until the Python object is garbage
42 collected. For the `Calibration` class, we need persistent
43 pointers that will be manually freed later. This function creates
48 if charp[0] is not NULL: # charp[0] is the same as *charp
49 _stdlib.free(charp[0])
51 if hasattr(obj, 'encode'):
52 obj = obj.encode(encoding, 'strict')
54 ret = <char *> _stdlib.malloc(len(obj) + 1)
57 _string.strncpy(ret, src, len(obj) + 1)
60 cdef void _setup_comedi_polynomial_t(
61 _comedilib_h.comedi_polynomial_t *p, coefficients, expansion_origin):
62 """Setup the `comedi_polynomial_t` at `p`
64 * `coefficients` is an iterable containing polynomial coefficients
65 * `expansion_origin` is the center of the polynomial expansion
67 for i,x in enumerate(coefficients):
69 p.order = len(coefficients)-1
70 p.expansion_origin = expansion_origin
73 _comedilib_h.comedi_polynomial_t *p, object data, object direction):
74 """Apply the polynomial conversion `p` to `data`.
76 `direction` should be a value from `constant.CONVERSION_DIRECTION`.
78 to_physical = (_constant.bitwise_value(direction)
79 == _constant.CONVERSION_DIRECTION.to_physical.value)
80 if _numpy.isscalar(data):
82 return _comedilib_h.comedi_to_physical(data, p)
84 return _comedilib_h.comedi_from_physical(data, p)
88 dtype = _utility.lsampl
89 array = _numpy.array(data, dtype=dtype)
90 for i,d in enumerate(data):
92 array[i] = _comedilib_h.comedi_to_physical(d, p)
94 array[i] = _comedilib_h.comedi_from_physical(d, p)
97 cpdef comedi_to_physical(data, coefficients, expansion_origin):
98 """Convert Comedi bit values (`lsampl_t`) to physical units (`double`)
100 * `data` is the value to be converted (scalar or array-like)
101 * `coefficients` and `expansion_origin` should be appropriate
102 for `_setup_comedi_polynomial_t`. TODO: expose it's docstring?
104 The conversion algorithm is::
106 x = sum_i c_i * (d-d_o)^i
108 where `x` is the returned physical value, `d` is the supplied data,
109 `c_i` is the `i`\th coefficient, and `d_o` is the expansion origin.
111 >>> print comedi_to_physical.__doc__ # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
112 Convert Comedi bit values (`lsampl_t`) to physical units (`double`)
114 >>> comedi_to_physical(1, [1, 2, 3], 2)
116 >>> comedi_to_physical([1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], 2)
119 cdef _comedilib_h.comedi_polynomial_t p
120 _setup_comedi_polynomial_t(&p, coefficients, expansion_origin)
121 return _convert(&p, data, _constant.CONVERSION_DIRECTION.to_physical)
123 cpdef comedi_from_physical(data, coefficients, expansion_origin):
124 """Convert physical units to Comedi bit values
126 Like `comedi_to_physical` but converts `double` -> `lsampl_t`.
128 >>> comedi_from_physical(1, [1,2,3], 2)
130 >>> comedi_from_physical([1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], 2)
131 array([2, 1, 6], dtype=uint32)
133 cdef _comedilib_h.comedi_polynomial_t p
134 _setup_comedi_polynomial_t(&p, coefficients, expansion_origin)
135 return _convert(&p, data, _constant.CONVERSION_DIRECTION.from_physical)
138 cdef class CalibratedConverter (object):
139 """Apply a converion polynomial
141 Usually you would get the this converter from
142 `DataChannel.get_converter()` or similar. but for testing, we'll
143 just create one out of thin air.
145 >>> c = CalibratedConverter(
146 ... to_physical_coefficients=[1, 2, 3],
147 ... to_physical_expansion_origin=1)
148 >>> c # doctest: +NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE
150 to_physical:{coefficients:[1.0, 2.0, 3.0] origin:1.0}
151 from_physical:{coefficients:[0.0] origin:0.0}>
155 >>> c.to_physical([0, 1, 2])
157 >>> c.to_physical(_numpy.array([0, 1, 2, 3], dtype=_numpy.uint))
158 array([ 2., 1., 6., 17.])
160 >>> c.get_to_physical_expansion_origin()
162 >>> c.get_to_physical_coefficients()
165 def __init__(self, to_physical_coefficients=None,
166 to_physical_expansion_origin=0,
167 from_physical_coefficients=None,
168 from_physical_expansion_origin=0):
169 if to_physical_coefficients:
170 _setup_comedi_polynomial_t(
171 &self._to_physical, to_physical_coefficients,
172 to_physical_expansion_origin)
173 if from_physical_coefficients:
174 _setup_comedi_polynomial_t(
175 &self._from_physical, from_physical_coefficients,
176 from_physical_expansion_origin)
178 cdef _str_poly(self, _comedilib_h.comedi_polynomial_t polynomial):
179 return '{coefficients:%s origin:%s}' % (
180 [float(polynomial.coefficients[i])
181 for i in range(polynomial.order+1)],
182 float(polynomial.expansion_origin))
185 return '<%s to_physical:%s from_physical:%s>' % (
186 self.__class__.__name__, self._str_poly(self._to_physical),
187 self._str_poly(self._from_physical))
190 return self.__str__()
192 cpdef to_physical(self, data):
193 return _convert(&self._to_physical, data,
194 _constant.CONVERSION_DIRECTION.to_physical)
196 cpdef from_physical(self, data):
197 return _convert(&self._from_physical, data,
198 _constant.CONVERSION_DIRECTION.from_physical)
200 cpdef get_to_physical_expansion_origin(self):
201 return self._to_physical.expansion_origin
203 cpdef get_to_physical_coefficients(self):
204 ret = _numpy.ndarray((self._to_physical.order+1,), _numpy.double)
205 for i in xrange(len(ret)):
206 ret[i] = self._to_physical.coefficients[i]
209 cpdef get_from_physical_expansion_origin(self):
210 return self._from_physical.expansion_origin
212 cpdef get_from_physical_coefficients(self):
213 ret = _numpy.ndarray((self._from_physical.order+1,), _numpy.double)
214 for i in xrange(len(ret)):
215 ret[i] = self._from_physical.coefficients[i]
219 cdef class Caldac (object):
220 """Class wrapping comedi_caldac_t
222 >>> from .device import Device
223 >>> from . import constant
225 >>> d = Device('/dev/comedi0')
228 >>> c = d.parse_calibration()
229 >>> s = c.settings[0]
231 <CalibrationSetting device:/dev/comedi0 subdevice:0>
232 >>> caldac = s.caldacs[0]
234 <Caldac subdevice:5 channel:4 value:255>
238 You can also allocate `Caldac` instances on your own. The
239 allocated memory will be automatically freed when the instance is
242 >>> caldac = Caldac()
243 >>> caldac.subdevice == None
245 >>> caldac.subdevice = 1
246 Traceback (most recent call last):
248 AssertionError: load caldac first
249 >>> caldac.allocate()
252 >>> caldac.subdevice = 1
258 def __dealloc__(self):
259 if self.caldac is not NULL and self._local:
260 _stdlib.free(self.caldac)
265 fields = ['{}:{}'.format(f, getattr(self, f))
266 for f in ['subdevice', 'channel', 'value']]
267 return '<{} {}>'.format(self.__class__.__name__, ' '.join(fields))
270 return self.__str__()
273 assert not self._local, 'already allocated'
274 self.caldac = <_comedilib_h.comedi_caldac_t *> _stdlib.malloc(
275 sizeof(_comedilib_h.comedi_caldac_t *))
276 if self.caldac is NULL:
283 def _subdevice_get(self):
284 if self.caldac is not NULL:
285 return self.caldac.subdevice
286 def _subdevice_set(self, value):
287 assert self.caldac is not NULL, 'load caldac first'
288 self.caldac.subdevice = value
289 subdevice = property(fget=_subdevice_get, fset=_subdevice_set)
291 def _channel_get(self):
292 if self.caldac is not NULL:
293 return self.caldac.channel
294 def _channel_set(self, value):
295 assert self.caldac is not NULL, 'load caldac first'
296 self.caldac.channel = value
297 channel = property(fget=_channel_get, fset=_channel_set)
299 def _value_get(self):
300 if self.caldac is not NULL:
301 return self.caldac.value
302 def _value_set(self, value):
303 assert self.caldac is not NULL, 'load caldac first'
304 self.caldac.value = value
305 value = property(fget=_value_get, fset=_value_set)
308 cdef class CalibrationSetting (object):
309 """Class wrapping comedi_calibration_setting_t
311 >>> from .device import Device
312 >>> from . import constant
314 >>> d = Device('/dev/comedi0')
317 >>> c = d.parse_calibration()
318 >>> s = c.settings[0]
320 <CalibrationSetting device:/dev/comedi0 subdevice:0>
321 >>> print(s.subdevice) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
322 <pycomedi.subdevice.Subdevice object at 0x...>
324 >>> for s in c.settings:
325 ... print('{} {}'.format(s.subdevice.index, s.subdevice.get_type()))
326 ... print(' channels: {}'.format(s.channels))
327 ... print(' ranges: {}'.format(s.ranges))
328 ... print(' arefs: {}'.format(s.arefs))
329 ... print(' caldacs:')
330 ... for caldac in s.caldacs:
331 ... print(' {}'.format(caldac))
332 ... print(' soft_calibration:')
333 ... sc = s.soft_calibration
334 ... print(' to physical coefficients: {}'.format(
335 ... sc.get_to_physical_coefficients()))
336 ... print(' to physical origin: {}'.format(
337 ... sc.get_to_physical_expansion_origin()))
338 ... print(' from physical coefficients: {}'.format(
339 ... sc.get_from_physical_coefficients()))
340 ... print(' from physical origin: {}'.format(
341 ... sc.get_from_physical_expansion_origin()))
342 ... # doctest: +REPORT_UDIFF
348 <Caldac subdevice:5 channel:4 value:255>
349 <Caldac subdevice:5 channel:2 value:255>
350 <Caldac subdevice:5 channel:3 value:255>
351 <Caldac subdevice:5 channel:0 value:255>
352 <Caldac subdevice:5 channel:5 value:255>
353 <Caldac subdevice:5 channel:1 value:1>
355 to physical coefficients: [ 0.]
356 to physical origin: 0.0
357 from physical coefficients: [ 0.]
358 from physical origin: 0.0
361 ranges: [ 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15]
364 <Caldac subdevice:5 channel:6 value:255>
365 <Caldac subdevice:5 channel:7 value:0>
367 to physical coefficients: [ 0.]
368 to physical origin: 0.0
369 from physical coefficients: [ 0.]
370 from physical origin: 0.0
376 <Caldac subdevice:5 channel:16 value:255>
377 <Caldac subdevice:5 channel:19 value:0>
378 <Caldac subdevice:5 channel:17 value:0>
379 <Caldac subdevice:5 channel:18 value:0>
381 to physical coefficients: [ 0.]
382 to physical origin: 0.0
383 from physical coefficients: [ 0.]
384 from physical origin: 0.0
390 <Caldac subdevice:5 channel:16 value:239>
391 <Caldac subdevice:5 channel:19 value:0>
392 <Caldac subdevice:5 channel:17 value:0>
393 <Caldac subdevice:5 channel:18 value:0>
395 to physical coefficients: [ 0.]
396 to physical origin: 0.0
397 from physical coefficients: [ 0.]
398 from physical origin: 0.0
404 <Caldac subdevice:5 channel:20 value:255>
405 <Caldac subdevice:5 channel:23 value:0>
406 <Caldac subdevice:5 channel:21 value:0>
407 <Caldac subdevice:5 channel:22 value:0>
409 to physical coefficients: [ 0.]
410 to physical origin: 0.0
411 from physical coefficients: [ 0.]
412 from physical origin: 0.0
418 <Caldac subdevice:5 channel:20 value:249>
419 <Caldac subdevice:5 channel:23 value:0>
420 <Caldac subdevice:5 channel:21 value:0>
421 <Caldac subdevice:5 channel:22 value:0>
423 to physical coefficients: [ 0.]
424 to physical origin: 0.0
425 from physical coefficients: [ 0.]
426 from physical origin: 0.0
428 Test setting various attributes.
430 >>> s = c.settings[-1]
431 >>> s.channels = [0, 1, 2]
434 >>> s.ranges = [0, 1]
441 >>> for i in range(3):
442 ... caldac = Caldac()
443 ... caldac.allocate()
444 ... caldac.subdevice = i
445 ... caldac.channel = 2*i
446 ... caldac.value = 3*i
447 ... caldacs.append(caldac)
448 >>> s.caldacs = caldacs
455 def __init__(self, subdevice):
456 super(CalibrationSetting, self).__init__()
457 self.subdevice = subdevice
461 'device:{}'.format(self.subdevice.device.filename),
462 'subdevice:{}'.format(self.subdevice.index),
464 return '<{} {}>'.format(self.__class__.__name__, ' '.join(fields))
466 def _channels_get(self):
467 if self.setting is NULL:
469 ret = _numpy.ndarray(shape=(self.setting.num_channels,), dtype=int)
470 # TODO: point into existing data array?
471 for i in range(self.setting.num_channels):
472 ret[i] = self.setting.channels[i]
474 def _channels_set(self, value):
475 assert self.setting is not NULL, 'load setting first'
476 if self.setting.channels is not NULL:
477 _stdlib.free(self.setting.channels)
479 self.setting.channels = <unsigned int *> _stdlib.malloc(
480 length * sizeof(unsigned int))
481 if self.setting.channels is NULL:
482 self.setting.num_channels = 0
484 self.setting.num_channels = length
485 for i,x in enumerate(value):
487 raise ValueError((i, length))
488 self.setting.channels[i] = x
489 channels = property(fget=_channels_get, fset=_channels_set)
491 def _ranges_get(self):
492 if self.setting is NULL:
494 ret = _numpy.ndarray(shape=(self.setting.num_ranges,), dtype=int)
495 # TODO: point into existing data array?
496 for i in range(self.setting.num_ranges):
497 ret[i] = self.setting.ranges[i]
499 def _ranges_set(self, value):
500 assert self.setting is not NULL, 'load setting first'
501 if self.setting.ranges is not NULL:
502 _stdlib.free(self.setting.ranges)
504 self.setting.ranges = <unsigned int *> _stdlib.malloc(
505 length * sizeof(unsigned int))
506 if self.setting.ranges is NULL:
507 self.setting.num_ranges = 0
509 self.setting.num_ranges = length
510 for i,x in enumerate(value):
512 raise ValueError((i, length))
513 self.setting.ranges[i] = x
514 ranges = property(fget=_ranges_get, fset=_ranges_set)
516 def _arefs_get(self):
517 if self.setting is NULL:
519 ret = _numpy.ndarray(shape=(self.setting.num_arefs,), dtype=int)
520 # TODO: point into existing data array?
521 for i in range(self.setting.num_arefs):
522 ret[i] = self.setting.arefs[i]
524 def _arefs_set(self, value):
525 assert self.setting is not NULL, 'load setting first'
527 for i,x in enumerate(value):
528 if i >= _comedilib_h.CS_MAX_AREFS_LENGTH:
529 raise ValueError((i, _comedilib_h.CS_MAX_AREFS_LENGTH))
530 self.setting.arefs[i] = x
531 for i in range(length, _comedilib_h.CS_MAX_AREFS_LENGTH):
532 self.setting.arefs[i] = 0
533 self.setting.num_arefs = length
534 arefs = property(fget=_arefs_get, fset=_arefs_set)
536 def _caldacs_get(self):
537 if self.setting is NULL:
539 if not self.setting.num_caldacs:
541 # TODO: point into existing data array?
543 for i in range(self.setting.num_caldacs):
545 c.caldac = &self.setting.caldacs[i]
548 cdef _caldacs_set_single(self, index, Caldac caldac):
549 self.setting.caldacs[index] = caldac.caldac[0]
550 def _caldacs_set(self, value):
551 assert self.setting is not NULL, 'load setting first'
552 if self.setting.caldacs is not NULL:
553 _stdlib.free(self.setting.caldacs)
555 self.setting.caldacs = <_comedilib_h.comedi_caldac_t *> _stdlib.malloc(
556 length * sizeof(_comedilib_h.comedi_caldac_t))
557 if self.setting.caldacs is NULL:
558 self.setting.num_caldacs = 0
560 self.setting.num_caldacs = length
561 for i,x in enumerate(value):
563 raise ValueError((i, length))
564 self._caldacs_set_single(i, x)
565 caldacs = property(fget=_caldacs_get, fset=_caldacs_set)
567 def _soft_calibration_get(self):
568 cdef CalibratedConverter ret
569 if self.setting is NULL:
571 ret = CalibratedConverter()
572 if self.setting.soft_calibration.to_phys is not NULL:
573 ret._to_physical = self.setting.soft_calibration.to_phys[0]
574 if self.setting.soft_calibration.from_phys is not NULL:
575 ret._from_physical = self.setting.soft_calibration.from_phys[0]
577 cpdef _soft_calibration_set(self, CalibratedConverter value):
578 assert self.setting is not NULL, 'load setting first'
579 if (self.setting.soft_calibration.to_phys is NULL and
580 (value._to_physical.expansion_origin or
581 value._to_physical.order >= 0)):
582 self.setting.soft_calibration.to_phys = (
583 <_comedilib_h.comedi_polynomial_t *> _stdlib.malloc(
584 sizeof(_comedilib_h.comedi_polynomial_t)))
585 self.setting.soft_calibration.to_phys[0] = value._to_physical
586 if (self.setting.soft_calibration.from_phys is NULL and
587 (value._from_physical.expansion_origin or
588 value._from_physical.order >= 0)):
589 self.setting.soft_calibration.from_phys = (
590 <_comedilib_h.comedi_polynomial_t *> _stdlib.malloc(
591 sizeof(_comedilib_h.comedi_polynomial_t)))
592 self.setting.soft_calibration.from_phys[0] = value._from_physical
593 soft_calibration = property(
594 fget=_soft_calibration_get, fset=_soft_calibration_set)
597 cdef class Calibration (object):
598 """A board calibration configuration.
600 Wraps comedi_calibration_t.
602 Warning: You probably want to use the `.from_file()` method or
603 `device.parse_calibration()` rather than initializing this
606 >>> from .device import Device
607 >>> from . import constant
609 >>> d = Device('/dev/comedi0')
612 >>> c = d.parse_calibration()
615 <Calibration device:/dev/comedi0>
621 >>> c.settings # doctest: +ELLIPSIS, +NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE
622 [<pycomedi.calibration.CalibrationSetting object at 0x...>,
624 <pycomedi.calibration.CalibrationSetting object at 0x...>]
625 >>> print(c.settings[0])
626 <CalibrationSetting device:/dev/comedi0 subdevice:0>
628 >>> name = c.driver_name
629 >>> c.driver_name = "Override with your own value"
630 >>> c.driver_name = name
635 self.calibration = NULL
637 def __init__(self, device):
638 super(Calibration, self).__init__()
641 def __dealloc__(self):
642 if self.calibration is not NULL:
643 _comedilib_h.comedi_cleanup_calibration(self.calibration)
644 self.calibration = NULL
647 fields = ['device:{}'.format(self.device.filename)]
648 return '<{} {}>'.format(self.__class__.__name__, ' '.join(fields))
651 return '<{} {}>'.format(self.__class__.__name__, id(self))
653 def _driver_name_get(self):
654 if self.calibration is NULL:
656 return self.calibration.driver_name
657 def _driver_name_set(self, value):
658 assert self.calibration is not NULL, 'load calibration first'
659 _python_to_charp(&self.calibration.driver_name, value, 'ascii')
660 driver_name = property(fget=_driver_name_get, fset=_driver_name_set)
662 def _board_name_get(self):
663 if self.calibration is NULL:
665 return self.calibration.board_name
666 def _board_name_set(self, value):
667 assert self.calibration is not NULL, 'load calibration first'
668 _python_to_charp(&self.calibration.board_name, value, 'ascii')
669 board_name = property(fget=_board_name_get, fset=_board_name_set)
671 def _settings_get(self):
672 if self.calibration is NULL:
675 for i in range(self.calibration.num_settings):
676 s = <CalibrationSetting> CalibrationSetting(
677 subdevice=self.device.subdevice(
678 index=self.calibration.settings[i].subdevice))
679 s.setting = &self.calibration.settings[i]
682 def _settings_set(self, value):
683 assert self.calibration is not NULL, 'load calibration first'
685 settings = property(fget=_settings_get, fset=_settings_set)
687 cpdef from_file(self, path):
688 self.calibration = _comedilib_h.comedi_parse_calibration_file(path)
689 if self.calibration == NULL:
691 function_name='comedi_parse_calibration_file')
694 # TODO: see comedi_caldac_t and related at end of comedilib.h