2 # This should be sourced by bash (though we welcome changes to make it POSIX sh compliant)
4 # Shared sh functions for the monkeysphere
7 # Jameson Rollins <jrollins@finestructure.net>
8 # Jamie McClelland <jm@mayfirst.org>
9 # Daniel Kahn Gillmor <dkg@fifthhorseman.net>
11 # Copyright 2008-2009, released under the GPL, version 3 or later
13 # all-caps variables are meant to be user supplied (ie. from config
14 # file) and are considered global
16 ########################################################################
21 cat "${SYSSHAREDIR}/VERSION"
24 # failure function. exits with code 255, unless specified otherwise.
26 [ "$1" ] && echo "$1" >&2
30 # write output to stderr based on specified LOG_LEVEL the first
31 # parameter is the priority of the output, and everything else is what
32 # is echoed to stderr. If there is nothing else, then output comes
33 # from stdin, and is not prefaced by log prefix.
41 # don't include SILENT in alllevels: it's handled separately
42 # list in decreasing verbosity (all caps).
43 # separate with $IFS explicitly, since we do some fancy footwork
45 alllevels="DEBUG${IFS}VERBOSE${IFS}INFO${IFS}ERROR"
47 # translate lowers to uppers in global log level
48 LOG_LEVEL=$(echo "$LOG_LEVEL" | tr "[:lower:]" "[:upper:]")
50 # just go ahead and return if the log level is silent
51 if [ "$LOG_LEVEL" = 'SILENT' ] ; then
55 for level in $alllevels ; do
56 if [ "$LOG_LEVEL" = "$level" ] ; then
60 if [ -z "$found" ] ; then
65 # get priority from first parameter, translating all lower to
67 priority=$(echo "$1" | tr "[:lower:]" "[:upper:]")
70 # scan over available levels
71 for level in $alllevels ; do
72 # output if the log level matches, set output to true
73 # this will output for all subsequent loops as well.
74 if [ "$LOG_LEVEL" = "$level" ] ; then
77 if [ "$priority" = "$level" -a "$output" = 'true' ] ; then
82 fi | sed 's/^/'"${LOG_PREFIX}"'/' >&2
87 # run command as monkeysphere user
88 su_monkeysphere_user() {
89 # our main goal here is to run the given command as the the
90 # monkeysphere user, but without prompting for any sort of
91 # authentication. If this is not possible, we should just fail.
93 # FIXME: our current implementation is overly restrictive, because
94 # there may be some su PAM configurations that would allow su
95 # "$MONKEYSPHERE_USER" -c "$@" to Just Work without prompting,
96 # allowing specific users to invoke commands which make use of
99 # chpst (from runit) would be nice to use, but we don't want to
100 # introduce an extra dependency just for this. This may be a
101 # candidate for re-factoring if we switch implementation languages.
104 # if monkeysphere user, run the command under bash
105 "$MONKEYSPHERE_USER")
109 # if root, su command as monkeysphere user
111 su "$MONKEYSPHERE_USER" -c "$*"
116 log error "non-privileged user."
121 # cut out all comments(#) and blank lines from standard input
123 grep -v -e "^[[:space:]]*#" -e '^$' "$1"
126 # cut a specified line from standard input
128 head --line="$1" "$2" | tail -1
131 # make a temporary directory
133 mktemp -d ${TMPDIR:-/tmp}/monkeysphere.XXXXXXXXXX
136 # make a temporary file
138 mktemp ${TMPDIR:-/tmp}/monkeysphere.XXXXXXXXXX
141 # this is a wrapper for doing lock functions.
143 # it lets us depend on either lockfile-progs (preferred) or procmail's
144 # lockfile, and should
146 local use_lockfileprogs=true
150 if ! ( type lockfile-create &>/dev/null ) ; then
151 if ! ( type lockfile &>/dev/null ); then
152 failure "Neither lockfile-create nor lockfile are in the path!"
159 if [ -n "$use_lockfileprogs" ] ; then
160 lockfile-create "$file" || failure "unable to lock '$file'"
162 lockfile -r 20 "${file}.lock" || failure "unable to lock '$file'"
164 log debug "lock created on '$file'."
167 if [ -n "$use_lockfileprogs" ] ; then
168 lockfile-touch --oneshot "$file"
172 log debug "lock touched on '$file'."
175 if [ -n "$use_lockfileprogs" ] ; then
176 lockfile-remove "$file"
180 log debug "lock removed on '$file'."
183 failure "bad argument for lock subfunction '$action'"
188 # for portability, between gnu date and BSD date.
189 # arguments should be: number longunits format
191 # e.g. advance_date 20 seconds +%F
199 # try things the GNU way first
200 if date -d "$number $longunits" "$format" &>/dev/null; then
201 date -d "$number $longunits" "$format"
203 # otherwise, convert to (a limited version of) BSD date syntax:
227 # this is a longshot, and will likely fail; oh well.
228 shortunits="$longunits"
230 date "-v+${number}${shortunits}" "$format"
235 # check that characters are in a string (in an AND fashion).
236 # used for checking key capability
237 # check_capability capability a [b...]
246 if echo "$usage" | grep -q -v "$capcheck" ; then
255 if type md5sum &>/dev/null ; then
257 elif type md5 &>/dev/null ; then
260 failure "Neither md5sum nor md5 are in the path!"
264 # convert escaped characters in pipeline from gpg output back into
266 # FIXME: undo all escape character translation in with-colons gpg
272 # convert nasty chars into gpg-friendly form in pipeline
273 # FIXME: escape everything, not just colons!
278 # prompt for GPG-formatted expiration, and emit result on stdout
279 get_gpg_expiration() {
284 if [ -z "$keyExpire" -a "$PROMPT" != 'false' ]; then
286 Please specify how long the key should be valid.
287 0 = key does not expire
288 <n> = key expires in n days
289 <n>w = key expires in n weeks
290 <n>m = key expires in n months
291 <n>y = key expires in n years
293 while [ -z "$keyExpire" ] ; do
294 printf "Key is valid for? (0) " >&2
296 if ! test_gpg_expire ${keyExpire:=0} ; then
297 echo "invalid value" >&2
301 elif ! test_gpg_expire "$keyExpire" ; then
302 failure "invalid key expiration value '$keyExpire'."
308 passphrase_prompt() {
313 if [ "$DISPLAY" ] && type "${SSH_ASKPASS:-ssh-askpass}" >/dev/null 2>/dev/null; then
314 printf 'Launching "%s"\n' "${SSH_ASKPASS:-ssh-askpass}" | log info
315 printf '(with prompt "%s")\n' "$prompt" | log debug
316 "${SSH_ASKPASS:-ssh-askpass}" "$prompt" > "$fifo"
318 read -s -p "$prompt" PASS
319 # Uses the builtin echo, so should not put the passphrase into
320 # the process table. I think. --dkg
321 echo "$PASS" > "$fifo"
325 # remove all lines with specified string from specified file
334 if [ -z "$file" -o -z "$string" ] ; then
338 if [ ! -e "$file" ] ; then
342 # if the string is in the file...
343 if grep -q -F "$string" "$file" 2>/dev/null ; then
344 tempfile=$(mktemp "${file}.XXXXXXX") || \
345 failure "Unable to make temp file '${file}.XXXXXXX'"
347 # remove the line with the string, and return 0
348 grep -v -F "$string" "$file" >"$tempfile"
349 cat "$tempfile" > "$file"
358 # remove all lines with MonkeySphere strings from stdin
359 remove_monkeysphere_lines() {
360 egrep -v ' MonkeySphere[[:digit:]]{4}(-[[:digit:]]{2}){2}T[[:digit:]]{2}(:[[:digit:]]{2}){2} '
363 # translate ssh-style path variables %h and %u
364 translate_ssh_variables() {
371 # get the user's home directory
372 userHome=$(get_homedir "$uname")
374 # translate '%u' to user name
375 path=${path/\%u/"$uname"}
376 # translate '%h' to user home directory
377 path=${path/\%h/"$userHome"}
382 # test that a string to conforms to GPG's expiration format
384 echo "$1" | egrep -q "^[0-9]+[mwy]?$"
387 # check that a file is properly owned, and that all it's parent
388 # directories are not group/other writable
389 check_key_file_permissions() {
396 if [ "$STRICT_MODES" = 'false' ] ; then
397 log debug "skipping path permission check for '$path' because STRICT_MODES is false..."
400 log debug "checking path permission '$path'..."
401 "${SYSSHAREDIR}/checkperms" "$uname" "$path"
404 # return a list of all users on the system
406 if type getent &>/dev/null ; then
407 # for linux and FreeBSD systems
408 getent passwd | cut -d: -f1
409 elif type dscl &>/dev/null ; then
411 dscl localhost -list /Search/Users
413 failure "Neither getent or dscl is in the path! Could not determine list of users."
417 # take one argument, a service name. in response, print a series of
418 # lines, each with a unique numeric port number that might be
419 # associated with that service name. (e.g. in: "https", out: "443")
420 # if nothing is found, print nothing, and return 0.
422 # return 1 if there was an error in the search somehow
423 get_port_for_service() {
425 [[ "$1" =~ ^[a-z0-9]([a-z0-9-]*[a-z0-9])?$ ]] || \
426 failure $(printf "This is not a valid service name: '%s'" "$1")
427 if type getent &>/dev/null ; then
428 # for linux and FreeBSD systems (getent returns 2 if not found, 0 on success, 1 or 3 on various failures)
429 (getent services "$service" || if [ "$?" -eq 2 ] ; then true ; else false; fi) | awk '{ print $2 }' | cut -f1 -d/ | sort -u
430 elif [ -r /etc/services ] ; then
431 # fall back to /etc/services for systems that don't have getent (MacOS?)
432 # FIXME: doesn't handle aliases like "null" (or "http"?), which don't show up at the beginning of the line.
433 awk $(printf '/^%s[[:space:]]/{ print $2 }' "$1") /etc/services | cut -f1 -d/ | sort -u
439 # return the path to the home directory of a user
441 local uname=${1:-`whoami`}
442 eval "echo ~${uname}"
445 # return the primary group of a user
446 get_primary_group() {
447 local uname=${1:-`whoami`}
448 groups "$uname" | sed 's/^..* : //' | awk '{ print $1 }'
451 ### CONVERSION UTILITIES
453 # output the ssh key for a given key ID
459 gpg --export --no-armor "$keyID" | openpgp2ssh "$keyID" 2>/dev/null
462 # output known_hosts line from ssh key
468 # FIXME this does not properly deal with IPv6 hosts using the
469 # standard port (because it's unclear whether their final
470 # colon-delimited address section is a port number or an address
476 # specify the host and port properly for new ssh known_hosts
478 if [ "$port" != "$host" ] ; then
479 host="[${host}]:${port}"
481 printf "%s %s MonkeySphere%s\n" "$host" "$key" "$DATE"
484 # output authorized_keys line from ssh key
485 ssh2authorized_keys() {
489 if [[ "$AUTHORIZED_KEYS_OPTIONS" ]]; then
490 printf "%s %s MonkeySphere%s %s\n" "$AUTHORIZED_KEYS_OPTIONS" "$key" "$DATE" "$userID"
492 printf "%s MonkeySphere%s %s\n" "$key" "$DATE" "$userID"
496 # convert key from gpg to ssh known_hosts format
505 key=$(gpg2ssh "$keyID")
507 # NOTE: it seems that ssh-keygen -R removes all comment fields from
508 # all lines in the known_hosts file. why?
509 # NOTE: just in case, the COMMENT can be matched with the
511 # '^MonkeySphere[[:digit:]]{4}(-[[:digit:]]{2}){2}T[[:digit:]]{2}(:[[:digit:]]{2}){2}$'
512 printf "%s %s MonkeySphere%s\n" "$host" "$key" "$DATE"
515 # convert key from gpg to ssh authorized_keys format
516 gpg2authorized_keys() {
524 key=$(gpg2ssh "$keyID")
526 # NOTE: just in case, the COMMENT can be matched with the
528 # '^MonkeySphere[[:digit:]]{4}(-[[:digit:]]{2}){2}T[[:digit:]]{2}(:[[:digit:]]{2}){2}$'
529 printf "%s MonkeySphere%s %s\n" "$key" "$DATE" "$userID"
534 # script to determine if gpg version is equal to or greater than specified version
535 is_gpg_version_greater_equal() {
536 local gpgVersion=$(gpg --version | head -1 | awk '{ print $3 }')
537 local latest=$(printf '%s\n%s\n' "$1" "$gpgVersion" \
538 | tr '.' ' ' | sort -g -k1 -k2 -k3 \
539 | tail -1 | tr ' ' '.')
540 [[ "$gpgVersion" == "$latest" ]]
543 # retrieve all keys with given user id from keyserver
544 # FIXME: need to figure out how to retrieve all matching keys
545 # (not just first N (5 in this case))
550 if [ "$CHECK_KEYSERVER" != 'true' ] ; then
556 log verbose " checking keyserver $KEYSERVER... "
558 gpg --quiet --batch --with-colons \
559 --command-fd 0 --keyserver "$KEYSERVER" \
560 --search ="$userID" &>/dev/null
563 if [ "$returnCode" != 0 ] ; then
564 log error "Failure ($returnCode) searching keyserver $KEYSERVER for user id '$userID'"
570 ########################################################################
571 ### PROCESSING FUNCTIONS
573 # userid and key policy checking
574 # the following checks policy on the returned keys
575 # - checks that full key has appropriate valididy (u|f)
576 # - checks key has specified capability (REQUIRED_KEY_CAPABILITY)
577 # - checks that requested user ID has appropriate validity
578 # (see /usr/share/doc/gnupg/DETAILS.gz)
579 # output is one line for every found key, in the following format:
583 # "flag" is an acceptability flag, 0 = ok, 1 = bad
584 # "sshKey" is the relevant OpenPGP key, in the form accepted by OpenSSH
586 # all log output must go to stderr, as stdout is used to pass the
587 # flag:sshKey to the calling function.
591 local requiredCapability
592 local requiredPubCapability
605 # set the required key capability based on the mode
606 requiredCapability=${REQUIRED_KEY_CAPABILITY:="a"}
607 requiredPubCapability=$(echo "$requiredCapability" | tr "[:lower:]" "[:upper:]")
609 # fetch the user ID if necessary/requested
610 gpg_fetch_userid "$userID"
612 # output gpg info for (exact) userid and store
613 gpgOut=$(gpg --list-key --fixed-list-mode --with-colon \
614 --with-fingerprint --with-fingerprint \
615 ="$userID" 2>/dev/null) || returnCode="$?"
617 # if the gpg query return code is not 0, return 1
618 if [ "$returnCode" -ne 0 ] ; then
619 log verbose " no primary keys found."
623 # loop over all lines in the gpg output and process.
624 echo "$gpgOut" | cut -d: -f1,2,5,10,12 | \
625 while IFS=: read -r type validity keyid uidfpr usage ; do
626 # process based on record type
628 'pub') # primary keys
629 # new key, wipe the slate
636 log verbose " primary key found: $keyid"
638 # if overall key is not valid, skip
639 if [ "$validity" != 'u' -a "$validity" != 'f' ] ; then
640 log debug " - unacceptable primary key validity ($validity)."
643 # if overall key is disabled, skip
644 if check_capability "$usage" 'D' ; then
645 log debug " - key disabled."
648 # if overall key capability is not ok, skip
649 if ! check_capability "$usage" $requiredPubCapability ; then
650 log debug " - unacceptable primary key capability ($usage)."
654 # mark overall key as ok
657 # mark primary key as ok if capability is ok
658 if check_capability "$usage" $requiredCapability ; then
663 if [ "$lastKey" != pub ] ; then
664 log verbose " ! got a user ID after a sub key?! user IDs should only follow primary keys!"
667 # if an acceptable user ID was already found, skip
668 if [ "$uidOK" = 'true' ] ; then
671 # if the user ID does matches...
672 if [ "$(echo "$uidfpr" | gpg_unescape)" = "$userID" ] ; then
673 # and the user ID validity is ok
674 if [ "$validity" = 'u' -o "$validity" = 'f' ] ; then
675 # mark user ID acceptable
678 log debug " - unacceptable user ID validity ($validity)."
684 # output a line for the primary key
686 if [ "$keyOK" -a "$uidOK" -a "$lastKeyOK" ] ; then
687 log verbose " * acceptable primary key."
688 if [ -z "$sshKey" ] ; then
689 log verbose " ! primary key could not be translated (not RSA?)."
694 log debug " - unacceptable primary key."
695 if [ -z "$sshKey" ] ; then
696 log debug " ! primary key could not be translated (not RSA?)."
703 # unset acceptability of last key
708 # don't bother with sub keys if the primary key is not valid
709 if [ "$keyOK" != true ] ; then
713 # don't bother with sub keys if no user ID is acceptable:
714 if [ "$uidOK" != true ] ; then
718 # if sub key validity is not ok, skip
719 if [ "$validity" != 'u' -a "$validity" != 'f' ] ; then
720 log debug " - unacceptable sub key validity ($validity)."
723 # if sub key capability is not ok, skip
724 if ! check_capability "$usage" $requiredCapability ; then
725 log debug " - unacceptable sub key capability ($usage)."
732 'fpr') # key fingerprint
733 fingerprint="$uidfpr"
735 sshKey=$(gpg2ssh "$fingerprint")
737 # if the last key was the pub key, skip
738 if [ "$lastKey" = pub ] ; then
742 # output a line for the sub key
744 if [ "$keyOK" -a "$uidOK" -a "$lastKeyOK" ] ; then
745 log verbose " * acceptable sub key."
746 if [ -z "$sshKey" ] ; then
747 log error " ! sub key could not be translated (not RSA?)."
752 log debug " - unacceptable sub key."
753 if [ -z "$sshKey" ] ; then
754 log debug " ! sub key could not be translated (not RSA?)."
761 done | sort -t: -k1 -n -r
762 # NOTE: this last sort is important so that the "good" keys (key
763 # flag '0') come last. This is so that they take precedence when
764 # being processed in the key files over "bad" keys (key flag '1')
767 process_keys_for_file() {
775 log verbose "processing: $userID"
776 log debug "key file: $keyFile"
779 for line in $(process_user_id "$userID") ; do
783 if [ -z "$sshKey" ] ; then
787 # remove the old host key line
788 if [[ "$keyFile" != '-' ]] ; then
791 remove_line "$keyFile" "$sshKey" || noKey=true
794 host=${userID#ssh://}
795 remove_line "$keyFile" "${host}.*${sshKey}" || noKey=true
800 # if key OK, add new host line
801 if [ "$ok" -eq '0' ] ; then
804 echo "$sshKey" | log debug
805 if [[ "$keyFile" == '-' ]] ; then
808 echo "$sshKey" >>"$keyFile"
812 ssh2authorized_keys "$userID" "$sshKey" | log debug
813 if [[ "$keyFile" == '-' ]] ; then
814 ssh2authorized_keys "$userID" "$sshKey"
816 ssh2authorized_keys "$userID" "$sshKey" >> "$keyFile"
820 host=${userID#ssh://}
821 ssh2known_hosts "$host" "$sshKey" | log debug
823 if [ "$HASH_KNOWN_HOSTS" = 'true' ] ; then
824 if (type ssh-keygen >/dev/null) ; then
825 # FIXME: this is really hackish cause
826 # ssh-keygen won't hash from stdin to
828 tmpfile=$(mktemp ${TMPDIR:-/tmp}/tmp.XXXXXXXXXX)
829 ssh2known_hosts "$host" "$sshKey" \
831 ssh-keygen -H -f "$tmpfile" 2>/dev/null
832 if [[ "$keyFile" == '-' ]] ; then
835 cat "$tmpfile" >> "$keyFile"
837 rm -f "$tmpfile" "${tmpfile}.old"
838 # FIXME: we could do this without needing
839 # ssh-keygen. hashed known_hosts looks
840 # like: |1|X|Y where 1 means SHA1 (nothing
841 # else is defined in openssh sources), X
842 # is the salt (same length as the digest
843 # output), base64-encoded, and Y is the
844 # digested hostname (also base64-encoded).
845 # see hostfile.{c,h} in openssh sources.
847 failure "Cannot hash known_hosts as requested"
850 # log if this is a new key to the known_hosts file
851 if [ "$noKey" ] ; then
852 log info "* new key will be added to known_hosts file."
855 if [[ "$keyFile" == '-' ]] ; then
856 ssh2known_hosts "$host" "$sshKey"
858 ssh2known_hosts "$host" "$sshKey" >>"$keyFile"
867 # process an authorized_user_ids file on stdin for authorized_keys
868 process_authorized_user_ids() {
869 local authorizedKeys="$1"
875 # extract user IDs from authorized_user_ids file
883 if [[ -z ${koptions[${nline}]} ]]; then
884 koptions[${nline}]=$(echo $line | sed 's/^[ ]*//;s/[ ]$//;')
886 koptions[${nline}]="${koptions[${nline}]},$(echo $line | sed 's/^[ ]*//;s/[ ]$//;')"
891 userIDs[${nline}]="$line"
892 unset koptions[${nline}] || true
897 for i in $(seq 1 $nline); do
898 AUTHORIZED_KEYS_OPTIONS="${koptions[$i]}" FILE_TYPE='authorized_keys' process_keys_for_file "$authorizedKeys" "${userIDs[$i]}" || returnCode="$?"
902 # takes a gpg key or keys on stdin, and outputs a list of
903 # fingerprints, one per line:
904 list_primary_fingerprints() {
905 local fake=$(msmktempdir)
906 trap "rm -rf $fake" EXIT
907 GNUPGHOME="$fake" gpg --no-tty --quiet --import --ignore-time-conflict 2>/dev/null
908 GNUPGHOME="$fake" gpg --with-colons --fingerprint --list-keys | \
909 awk -F: '/^fpr:/{ print $10 }'
914 # takes an OpenPGP key or set of keys on stdin, a fingerprint or other
915 # key identifier as $1, and outputs the gpg-formatted information for
916 # the requested keys from the material on stdin
918 local fake=$(msmktempdir)
919 trap "rm -rf $fake" EXIT
920 GNUPGHOME="$fake" gpg --no-tty --quiet --import --ignore-time-conflict 2>/dev/null
921 GNUPGHOME="$fake" gpg --with-colons --fingerprint --fixed-list-mode --list-keys "$1"
931 if [ -e "$loc" ] ; then
932 printf "! The file '%s' is no longer used by\n monkeysphere (as of version %s), and can be removed.\n\n" "$loc" "$version" | log info
936 check_upgrade_dir() {
940 if [ -d "$loc" ] ; then
941 printf "The presence of directory '%s' indicates that you have\nnot yet completed a monkeysphere upgrade.\nYou should probably run the following script:\n %s/transitions/%s\n\n" "$loc" "$SYSSHAREDIR" "$version" | log info
945 ## look for cruft from old versions of the monkeysphere, and notice if
946 ## upgrades have not been run:
948 check_upgrade_dir "${SYSCONFIGDIR}/gnupg-host" 0.23
949 check_upgrade_dir "${SYSCONFIGDIR}/gnupg-authentication" 0.23
951 check_cruft_file "${SYSCONFIGDIR}/gnupg-authentication.conf" 0.23
952 check_cruft_file "${SYSCONFIGDIR}/gnupg-host.conf" 0.23
955 for foo in "${SYSDATADIR}/backup-from-"*"-transition" ; do
956 if [ -d "$foo" ] ; then
957 printf "! %s\n" "$foo" | log info
961 if [ "$found" ] ; then
962 printf "The directories above are backups left over from a monkeysphere transition.\nThey may contain copies of sensitive data (host keys, certifier lists), but\nthey are no longer needed by monkeysphere.\nYou may remove them at any time.\n\n" | log info