Generate an error message if a BUILDERS entry is set to something that isn't
[scons.git] / src / engine / SCons / Environment.py
index aeae2729f9e9efb102088eb8ab34ca290eab656f..f840dfc358bee4dae0860a64da99a01d343148d4 100644 (file)
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ construction information to the build engine.
 
 Keyword arguments supplied when the construction Environment
 is created are construction variables used to initialize the
-Environment 
+Environment
 """
 
 #
@@ -37,7 +37,9 @@ __revision__ = "__FILE__ __REVISION__ __DATE__ __DEVELOPER__"
 
 import copy
 import os
-import os.path
+import sys
+import re
+import shlex
 import string
 from UserDict import UserDict
 
@@ -46,15 +48,15 @@ import SCons.Builder
 from SCons.Debug import logInstanceCreation
 import SCons.Defaults
 import SCons.Errors
+import SCons.Memoize
 import SCons.Node
 import SCons.Node.Alias
 import SCons.Node.FS
 import SCons.Node.Python
 import SCons.Platform
+import SCons.SConf
 import SCons.SConsign
-import SCons.Sig
-import SCons.Sig.MD5
-import SCons.Sig.TimeStamp
+import SCons.Subst
 import SCons.Tool
 import SCons.Util
 import SCons.Warnings
@@ -64,89 +66,220 @@ class _Null:
 
 _null = _Null
 
+_warn_copy_deprecated = True
+_warn_source_signatures_deprecated = True
+_warn_target_signatures_deprecated = True
+
 CleanTargets = {}
 CalculatorArgs = {}
 
+semi_deepcopy = SCons.Util.semi_deepcopy
+
 # Pull UserError into the global name space for the benefit of
 # Environment().SourceSignatures(), which has some import statements
 # which seem to mess up its ability to reference SCons directly.
 UserError = SCons.Errors.UserError
 
-def installFunc(target, source, env):
-    """Install a source file into a target using the function specified
-    as the INSTALL construction variable."""
-    try:
-        install = env['INSTALL']
-    except KeyError:
-        raise SCons.Errors.UserError('Missing INSTALL construction variable.')
-    return install(target[0].path, source[0].path, env)
-
-def installString(target, source, env):
-    return 'Install file: "%s" as "%s"' % (source[0], target[0])
-
-installAction = SCons.Action.Action(installFunc, installString)
-
-InstallBuilder = SCons.Builder.Builder(action=installAction)
-
 def alias_builder(env, target, source):
     pass
 
 AliasBuilder = SCons.Builder.Builder(action = alias_builder,
                                      target_factory = SCons.Node.Alias.default_ans.Alias,
-                                     source_factory = SCons.Node.FS.default_fs.Entry,
-                                     multi = 1)
-
-def our_deepcopy(x):
-   """deepcopy lists and dictionaries, and just copy the reference
-   for everything else."""
-   if SCons.Util.is_Dict(x):
-       copy = {}
-       for key in x.keys():
-           copy[key] = our_deepcopy(x[key])
-   elif SCons.Util.is_List(x):
-       copy = map(our_deepcopy, x)
-       try:
-           copy = x.__class__(copy)
-       except AttributeError:
-           pass
-   else:
-       copy = x
-   return copy
+                                     source_factory = SCons.Node.FS.Entry,
+                                     multi = 1,
+                                     is_explicit = None,
+                                     name='AliasBuilder')
 
 def apply_tools(env, tools, toolpath):
-    if tools:
-        # Filter out null tools from the list.
-        tools = filter(None, tools)
-        for tool in tools:
-            if SCons.Util.is_String(tool):
-                env.Tool(tool, toolpath)
-            else:
-                tool(env)
-
-# These names are controlled by SCons; users should never set or override
-# them.  This warning can optionally be turned off, but scons will still
-# ignore the illegal variable names even if it's off.
-reserved_construction_var_names = \
-    ['TARGET', 'TARGETS', 'SOURCE', 'SOURCES']
+    # Store the toolpath in the Environment.
+    if toolpath is not None:
+        env['toolpath'] = toolpath
+
+    if not tools:
+        return
+    # Filter out null tools from the list.
+    for tool in filter(None, tools):
+        if SCons.Util.is_List(tool) or type(tool)==type(()):
+            toolname = tool[0]
+            toolargs = tool[1] # should be a dict of kw args
+            tool = apply(env.Tool, [toolname], toolargs)
+        else:
+            env.Tool(tool)
+
+# These names are (or will be) controlled by SCons; users should never
+# set or override them.  This warning can optionally be turned off,
+# but scons will still ignore the illegal variable names even if it's off.
+reserved_construction_var_names = [
+    'CHANGED_SOURCES',
+    'CHANGED_TARGETS',
+    'SOURCE',
+    'SOURCES',
+    'TARGET',
+    'TARGETS',
+    'UNCHANGED_SOURCES',
+    'UNCHANGED_TARGETS',
+]
+
+future_reserved_construction_var_names = [
+    #'HOST_OS',
+    #'HOST_ARCH',
+    #'HOST_CPU',
+    ]
 
 def copy_non_reserved_keywords(dict):
-    result = our_deepcopy(dict)
+    result = semi_deepcopy(dict)
     for k in result.keys():
         if k in reserved_construction_var_names:
-            SCons.Warnings.warn(SCons.Warnings.ReservedVariableWarning,
-                                "Ignoring attempt to set reserved variable `%s'" % k)
+            msg = "Ignoring attempt to set reserved variable `$%s'"
+            SCons.Warnings.warn(SCons.Warnings.ReservedVariableWarning, msg % k)
             del result[k]
     return result
 
-class BuilderWrapper:
-    """Wrapper class that associates an environment with a Builder at
-    instantiation."""
-    def __init__(self, env, builder):
-        self.env = env
-        self.builder = builder
+def _set_reserved(env, key, value):
+    msg = "Ignoring attempt to set reserved variable `$%s'"
+    SCons.Warnings.warn(SCons.Warnings.ReservedVariableWarning, msg % key)
 
-    def __call__(self, *args, **kw):
-        return apply(self.builder, (self.env,) + args, kw)
+def _set_future_reserved(env, key, value):
+    env._dict[key] = value
+    msg = "`$%s' will be reserved in a future release and setting it will become ignored"
+    SCons.Warnings.warn(SCons.Warnings.FutureReservedVariableWarning, msg % key)
+
+def _set_BUILDERS(env, key, value):
+    try:
+        bd = env._dict[key]
+        for k in bd.keys():
+            del bd[k]
+    except KeyError:
+        bd = BuilderDict(kwbd, env)
+        env._dict[key] = bd
+    for k, v in value.items():
+        if not SCons.Builder.is_a_Builder(v):
+            raise SCons.Errors.UserError('%s is not a Builder.' % repr(v))
+    bd.update(value)
+
+def _del_SCANNERS(env, key):
+    del env._dict[key]
+    env.scanner_map_delete()
+
+def _set_SCANNERS(env, key, value):
+    env._dict[key] = value
+    env.scanner_map_delete()
+
+def _delete_duplicates(l, keep_last):
+    """Delete duplicates from a sequence, keeping the first or last."""
+    seen={}
+    result=[]
+    if keep_last:           # reverse in & out, then keep first
+        l.reverse()
+    for i in l:
+        try:
+            if not seen.has_key(i):
+                result.append(i)
+                seen[i]=1
+        except TypeError:
+            # probably unhashable.  Just keep it.
+            result.append(i)
+    if keep_last:
+        result.reverse()
+    return result
+
+
+
+# The following is partly based on code in a comment added by Peter
+# Shannon at the following page (there called the "transplant" class):
+#
+# ASPN : Python Cookbook : Dynamically added methods to a class
+# http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/81732
+#
+# We had independently been using the idiom as BuilderWrapper, but
+# factoring out the common parts into this base class, and making
+# BuilderWrapper a subclass that overrides __call__() to enforce specific
+# Builder calling conventions, simplified some of our higher-layer code.
+
+class MethodWrapper:
+    """
+    A generic Wrapper class that associates a method (which can
+    actually be any callable) with an object.  As part of creating this
+    MethodWrapper object an attribute with the specified (by default,
+    the name of the supplied method) is added to the underlying object.
+    When that new "method" is called, our __call__() method adds the
+    object as the first argument, simulating the Python behavior of
+    supplying "self" on method calls.
+
+    We hang on to the name by which the method was added to the underlying
+    base class so that we can provide a method to "clone" ourselves onto
+    a new underlying object being copied (without which we wouldn't need
+    to save that info).
+    """
+    def __init__(self, object, method, name=None):
+        if name is None:
+            name = method.__name__
+        self.object = object
+        self.method = method
+        self.name = name
+        setattr(self.object, name, self)
+
+    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        nargs = (self.object,) + args
+        return apply(self.method, nargs, kwargs)
+
+    def clone(self, new_object):
+        """
+        Returns an object that re-binds the underlying "method" to
+        the specified new object.
+        """
+        return self.__class__(new_object, self.method, self.name)
+
+class BuilderWrapper(MethodWrapper):
+    """
+    A MethodWrapper subclass that that associates an environment with
+    a Builder.
+
+    This mainly exists to wrap the __call__() function so that all calls
+    to Builders can have their argument lists massaged in the same way
+    (treat a lone argument as the source, treat two arguments as target
+    then source, make sure both target and source are lists) without
+    having to have cut-and-paste code to do it.
+
+    As a bit of obsessive backwards compatibility, we also intercept
+    attempts to get or set the "env" or "builder" attributes, which were
+    the names we used before we put the common functionality into the
+    MethodWrapper base class.  We'll keep this around for a while in case
+    people shipped Tool modules that reached into the wrapper (like the
+    Tool/qt.py module does, or did).  There shouldn't be a lot attribute
+    fetching or setting on these, so a little extra work shouldn't hurt.
+    """
+    def __call__(self, target=None, source=_null, *args, **kw):
+        if source is _null:
+            source = target
+            target = None
+        if target is not None and not SCons.Util.is_List(target):
+            target = [target]
+        if source is not None and not SCons.Util.is_List(source):
+            source = [source]
+        return apply(MethodWrapper.__call__, (self, target, source) + args, kw)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return '<BuilderWrapper %s>' % repr(self.name)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.__repr__()
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        if name == 'env':
+            return self.object
+        elif name == 'builder':
+            return self.method
+        else:
+            raise AttributeError, name
+
+    def __setattr__(self, name, value):
+        if name == 'env':
+            self.object = value
+        elif name == 'builder':
+            self.method = value
+        else:
+            self.__dict__[name] = value
 
     # This allows a Builder to be executed directly
     # through the Environment to which it's attached.
@@ -155,9 +288,9 @@ class BuilderWrapper:
     # But we do have a unit test for this, and can't
     # yet rule out that it would be useful in the
     # future, so leave it for now.
-    def execute(self, **kw):
-        kw['env'] = self.env
-        apply(self.builder.execute, (), kw)
+    #def execute(self, **kw):
+    #    kw['env'] = self.env
+    #    apply(self.builder.execute, (), kw)
 
 class BuilderDict(UserDict):
     """This is a dictionary-like class used by an Environment to hold
@@ -171,28 +304,18 @@ class BuilderDict(UserDict):
         self.env = env
         UserDict.__init__(self, dict)
 
+    def __semi_deepcopy__(self):
+        return self.__class__(self.data, self.env)
+
     def __setitem__(self, item, val):
-        UserDict.__setitem__(self, item, val)
         try:
-            self.setenvattr(item, val)
+            method = getattr(self.env, item).method
         except AttributeError:
-            # Have to catch this because sometimes __setitem__ gets
-            # called out of __init__, when we don't have an env
-            # attribute yet, nor do we want one!
             pass
-
-    def setenvattr(self, item, val):
-        """Set the corresponding environment attribute for this Builder.
-
-        If the value is already a BuilderWrapper, we pull the builder
-        out of it and make another one, so that making a copy of an
-        existing BuilderDict is guaranteed separate wrappers for each
-        Builder + Environment pair."""
-        try:
-            builder = val.builder
-        except AttributeError:
-            builder = val
-        setattr(self.env, item, BuilderWrapper(self.env, builder))
+        else:
+            self.env.RemoveMethod(method)
+        UserDict.__setitem__(self, item, val)
+        BuilderWrapper(self.env, val, item)
 
     def __delitem__(self, item):
         UserDict.__delitem__(self, item)
@@ -202,134 +325,130 @@ class BuilderDict(UserDict):
         for i, v in dict.items():
             self.__setitem__(i, v)
 
-class Base:
-    """Base class for construction Environments.  These are
-    the primary objects used to communicate dependency and
-    construction information to the build engine.
 
-    Keyword arguments supplied when the construction Environment
-    is created are construction variables used to initialize the
-    Environment.
-    """
 
-    #######################################################################
-    # This is THE class for interacting with the SCons build engine,
-    # and it contains a lot of stuff, so we're going to try to keep this
-    # a little organized by grouping the methods.
-    #######################################################################
+_is_valid_var = re.compile(r'[_a-zA-Z]\w*$')
 
-    #######################################################################
-    # Methods that make an Environment act like a dictionary.  These have
-    # the expected standard names for Python mapping objects.  Note that
-    # we don't actually make an Environment a subclass of UserDict for
-    # performance reasons.  Note also that we only supply methods for
-    # dictionary functionality that we actually need and use.
-    #######################################################################
+def is_valid_construction_var(varstr):
+    """Return if the specified string is a legitimate construction
+    variable.
+    """
+    return _is_valid_var.match(varstr)
+
+
+
+class SubstitutionEnvironment:
+    """Base class for different flavors of construction environments.
+
+    This class contains a minimal set of methods that handle contruction
+    variable expansion and conversion of strings to Nodes, which may or
+    may not be actually useful as a stand-alone class.  Which methods
+    ended up in this class is pretty arbitrary right now.  They're
+    basically the ones which we've empirically determined are common to
+    the different construction environment subclasses, and most of the
+    others that use or touch the underlying dictionary of construction
+    variables.
+
+    Eventually, this class should contain all the methods that we
+    determine are necessary for a "minimal" interface to the build engine.
+    A full "native Python" SCons environment has gotten pretty heavyweight
+    with all of the methods and Tools and construction variables we've
+    jammed in there, so it would be nice to have a lighter weight
+    alternative for interfaces that don't need all of the bells and
+    whistles.  (At some point, we'll also probably rename this class
+    "Base," since that more reflects what we want this class to become,
+    but because we've released comments that tell people to subclass
+    Environment.Base to create their own flavors of construction
+    environment, we'll save that for a future refactoring when this
+    class actually becomes useful.)
+    """
 
-    def __init__(self,
-                 platform=None,
-                 tools=None,
-                 toolpath=[],
-                 options=None,
-                 **kw):
-        if __debug__: logInstanceCreation(self)
-        self.fs = SCons.Node.FS.default_fs
+    if SCons.Memoize.use_memoizer:
+        __metaclass__ = SCons.Memoize.Memoized_Metaclass
+
+    def __init__(self, **kw):
+        """Initialization of an underlying SubstitutionEnvironment class.
+        """
+        if __debug__: logInstanceCreation(self, 'Environment.SubstitutionEnvironment')
+        self.fs = SCons.Node.FS.get_default_fs()
         self.ans = SCons.Node.Alias.default_ans
         self.lookup_list = SCons.Node.arg2nodes_lookups
-        self._dict = our_deepcopy(SCons.Defaults.ConstructionEnvironment)
-
-        self._dict['__env__'] = self
-        self._dict['BUILDERS'] = BuilderDict(self._dict['BUILDERS'], self)
-
-        if platform is None:
-            platform = self._dict.get('PLATFORM', None)
-            if platform is None:
-                platform = SCons.Platform.Platform()
-        if SCons.Util.is_String(platform):
-            platform = SCons.Platform.Platform(platform)
-        self._dict['PLATFORM'] = str(platform)
-        platform(self)
-
-        # Apply the passed-in variables before calling the tools,
-        # because they may use some of them:
-        apply(self.Replace, (), kw)
-        
-        # Update the environment with the customizable options
-        # before calling the tools, since they may use some of the options: 
-        if options:
-            options.Update(self)
-
-        if tools is None:
-            tools = self._dict.get('TOOLS', None)
-            if tools is None:
-                tools = ['default']
-        apply_tools(self, tools, toolpath)
-
-        # Reapply the passed in variables after calling the tools,
-        # since they should overide anything set by the tools:
-        apply(self.Replace, (), kw)
-
-        # Update the environment with the customizable options
-        # after calling the tools, since they should override anything
-        # set by the tools:
-        if options:
-            options.Update(self)
+        self._dict = kw.copy()
+        self._init_special()
+        self.added_methods = []
+        #self._memo = {}
+
+    def _init_special(self):
+        """Initial the dispatch tables for special handling of
+        special construction variables."""
+        self._special_del = {}
+        self._special_del['SCANNERS'] = _del_SCANNERS
+
+        self._special_set = {}
+        for key in reserved_construction_var_names:
+            self._special_set[key] = _set_reserved
+        for key in future_reserved_construction_var_names:
+            self._special_set[key] = _set_future_reserved
+        self._special_set['BUILDERS'] = _set_BUILDERS
+        self._special_set['SCANNERS'] = _set_SCANNERS
+
+        # Freeze the keys of self._special_set in a list for use by
+        # methods that need to check.  (Empirically, list scanning has
+        # gotten better than dict.has_key() in Python 2.5.)
+        self._special_set_keys = self._special_set.keys()
 
     def __cmp__(self, other):
-        # Since an Environment now has an '__env__' construction variable
-        # that refers to itself, delete that variable to avoid infinite
-        # loops when comparing the underlying dictionaries in some Python
-        # versions (*cough* 1.5.2 *cough*)...
-        sdict = self._dict.copy()
-        del sdict['__env__']
-        odict = other._dict.copy()
-        del odict['__env__']
-        return cmp(sdict, odict)
+        return cmp(self._dict, other._dict)
+
+    def __delitem__(self, key):
+        special = self._special_del.get(key)
+        if special:
+            special(self, key)
+        else:
+            del self._dict[key]
 
     def __getitem__(self, key):
         return self._dict[key]
 
     def __setitem__(self, key, value):
-        if key in reserved_construction_var_names:
-            SCons.Warnings.warn(SCons.Warnings.ReservedVariableWarning,
-                                "Ignoring attempt to set reserved variable `%s'" % key)
-        elif key == 'BUILDERS':
-            try:
-                bd = self._dict[key]
-                for k in bd.keys():
-                    del bd[k]
-            except KeyError:
-                self._dict[key] = BuilderDict(kwbd, self)
-            self._dict[key].update(value)
-        elif key == 'SCANNERS':
-            self._dict[key] = value
-            self.scanner_map_delete()
+        # This is heavily used.  This implementation is the best we have
+        # according to the timings in bench/env.__setitem__.py.
+        #
+        # The "key in self._special_set_keys" test here seems to perform
+        # pretty well for the number of keys we have.  A hard-coded
+        # list works a little better in Python 2.5, but that has the
+        # disadvantage of maybe getting out of sync if we ever add more
+        # variable names.  Using self._special_set.has_key() works a
+        # little better in Python 2.4, but is worse then this test.
+        # So right now it seems like a good trade-off, but feel free to
+        # revisit this with bench/env.__setitem__.py as needed (and
+        # as newer versions of Python come out).
+        if key in self._special_set_keys:
+            self._special_set[key](self, key, value)
         else:
-            if not SCons.Util.is_valid_construction_var(key):
-                raise SCons.Errors.UserError, "Illegal construction variable `%s'" % key
+            # If we already have the entry, then it's obviously a valid
+            # key and we don't need to check.  If we do check, using a
+            # global, pre-compiled regular expression directly is more
+            # efficient than calling another function or a method.
+            if not self._dict.has_key(key) \
+               and not _is_valid_var.match(key):
+                    raise SCons.Errors.UserError, "Illegal construction variable `%s'" % key
             self._dict[key] = value
 
-    def __delitem__(self, key):
-        del self._dict[key]
-
-    def items(self):
-        "Emulates the items() method of dictionaries."""
-        return self._dict.items()
+    def get(self, key, default=None):
+        """Emulates the get() method of dictionaries."""
+        return self._dict.get(key, default)
 
     def has_key(self, key):
         return self._dict.has_key(key)
 
-    def get(self, key, default=None):
-        "Emulates the get() method of dictionaries."""
-        return self._dict.get(key, default)
+    def __contains__(self, key):
+        return self._dict.__contains__(key)
 
-    #######################################################################
-    # Utility methods that are primarily for internal use by SCons.
-    # These begin with lower-case letters.  Note that the subst() method
-    # is actually already out of the closet and used by people.
-    #######################################################################
+    def items(self):
+        return self._dict.items()
 
-    def arg2nodes(self, args, node_factory=_null, lookup_list=_null):
+    def arg2nodes(self, args, node_factory=_null, lookup_list=_null, **kw):
         if node_factory is _null:
             node_factory = self.fs.File
         if lookup_list is _null:
@@ -338,10 +457,7 @@ class Base:
         if not args:
             return []
 
-        if SCons.Util.is_List(args):
-            args = SCons.Util.flatten(args)
-        else:
-            args = [args]
+        args = SCons.Util.flatten(args)
 
         nodes = []
         for v in args:
@@ -349,11 +465,13 @@ class Base:
                 n = None
                 for l in lookup_list:
                     n = l(v)
-                    if not n is None:
+                    if n is not None:
                         break
-                if not n is None:
+                if n is not None:
                     if SCons.Util.is_String(n):
-                        n = self.subst(n, raw=1)
+                        # n = self.subst(n, raw=1, **kw)
+                        kw['raw'] = 1
+                        n = apply(self.subst, (n,), kw)
                         if node_factory:
                             n = node_factory(n)
                     if SCons.Util.is_List(n):
@@ -361,78 +479,25 @@ class Base:
                     else:
                         nodes.append(n)
                 elif node_factory:
-                    v = node_factory(self.subst(v, raw=1))
+                    # v = node_factory(self.subst(v, raw=1, **kw))
+                    kw['raw'] = 1
+                    v = node_factory(apply(self.subst, (v,), kw))
                     if SCons.Util.is_List(v):
                         nodes.extend(v)
                     else:
                         nodes.append(v)
             else:
                 nodes.append(v)
-    
-        return nodes
 
-    def get_calculator(self):
-        try:
-            return self._calculator
-        except AttributeError:
-            try:
-                module = self._calc_module
-                c = apply(SCons.Sig.Calculator, (module,), CalculatorArgs)
-            except AttributeError:
-                # Note that we're calling get_calculator() here, so the
-                # DefaultEnvironment() must have a _calc_module attribute
-                # to avoid infinite recursion.
-                c = SCons.Defaults.DefaultEnvironment().get_calculator()
-            self._calculator = c
-            return c
-
-    def get_builder(self, name):
-        """Fetch the builder with the specified name from the environment.
-        """
-        try:
-            return self._dict['BUILDERS'][name]
-        except KeyError:
-            return None
+        return nodes
 
-    def get_scanner(self, skey):
-        """Find the appropriate scanner given a key (usually a file suffix).
-        """
-        try:
-            sm = self.scanner_map
-        except AttributeError:
-            try:
-                scanners = self._dict['SCANNERS']
-            except KeyError:
-                self.scanner_map = {}
-                return None
-            else:
-                self.scanner_map = sm = {}
-                # Reverse the scanner list so that, if multiple scanners
-                # claim they can scan the same suffix, earlier scanners
-                # in the list will overwrite later scanners, so that
-                # the result looks like a "first match" to the user.
-                if not SCons.Util.is_List(scanners):
-                    scanners = [scanners]
-                scanners.reverse()
-                for scanner in scanners:
-                    for k in scanner.get_skeys(self):
-                        sm[k] = scanner
-        try:
-            return sm[skey]
-        except KeyError:
-            return None
+    def gvars(self):
+        return self._dict
 
-    def scanner_map_delete(self, kw=None):
-        """Delete the cached scanner map (if we need to).
-        """
-        if not kw is None and not kw.has_key('SCANNERS'):
-            return
-        try:
-            del self.scanner_map
-        except AttributeError:
-            pass
+    def lvars(self):
+        return {}
 
-    def subst(self, string, raw=0, target=None, source=None, dict=None, conv=None):
+    def subst(self, string, raw=0, target=None, source=None, conv=None, executor=None):
         """Recursively interpolates construction variables from the
         Environment into the specified string, returning the expanded
         result.  Construction variables are specified by a $ prefix
@@ -442,24 +507,33 @@ class Base:
         may be surrounded by curly braces to separate the name from
         trailing characters.
         """
-        return SCons.Util.scons_subst(string, self, raw, target, source, dict, conv)
-
-    def subst_kw(self, kw, raw=0, target=None, source=None, dict=None):
+        gvars = self.gvars()
+        lvars = self.lvars()
+        lvars['__env__'] = self
+        if executor:
+            lvars.update(executor.get_lvars())
+        return SCons.Subst.scons_subst(string, self, raw, target, source, gvars, lvars, conv)
+
+    def subst_kw(self, kw, raw=0, target=None, source=None):
         nkw = {}
         for k, v in kw.items():
-            k = self.subst(k, raw, target, source, dict)
+            k = self.subst(k, raw, target, source)
             if SCons.Util.is_String(v):
-                v = self.subst(v, raw, target, source, dict)
+                v = self.subst(v, raw, target, source)
             nkw[k] = v
         return nkw
 
-    def subst_list(self, string, raw=0, target=None, source=None, dict=None, conv=None):
-        """Calls through to SCons.Util.scons_subst_list().  See
+    def subst_list(self, string, raw=0, target=None, source=None, conv=None, executor=None):
+        """Calls through to SCons.Subst.scons_subst_list().  See
         the documentation for that function."""
-        return SCons.Util.scons_subst_list(string, self, raw, target, source, dict, conv)
-
-
-    def subst_path(self, path):
+        gvars = self.gvars()
+        lvars = self.lvars()
+        lvars['__env__'] = self
+        if executor:
+            lvars.update(executor.get_lvars())
+        return SCons.Subst.scons_subst_list(string, self, raw, target, source, gvars, lvars, conv)
+
+    def subst_path(self, path, target=None, source=None):
         """Substitute a path list, turning EntryProxies into Nodes
         and leaving Nodes (and other objects) as-is."""
 
@@ -476,7 +550,7 @@ class Base:
             try:
                 get = obj.get
             except AttributeError:
-                pass
+                obj = SCons.Util.to_String_for_subst(obj)
             else:
                 obj = get()
             return obj
@@ -484,7 +558,7 @@ class Base:
         r = []
         for p in path:
             if SCons.Util.is_String(p):
-                p = self.subst(p, conv=s)
+                p = self.subst(p, target=target, source=source, conv=s)
                 if SCons.Util.is_List(p):
                     if len(p) == 1:
                         p = p[0]
@@ -492,7 +566,7 @@ class Base:
                         # We have an object plus a string, or multiple
                         # objects that we need to smush together.  No choice
                         # but to make them into a string.
-                        p = string.join(map(SCons.Util.to_String, p), '')
+                        p = string.join(map(SCons.Util.to_String_for_subst, p), '')
             else:
                 p = s(p)
             r.append(p)
@@ -500,19 +574,575 @@ class Base:
 
     subst_target_source = subst
 
+    def backtick(self, command):
+        import subprocess
+        # common arguments
+        kw = { 'stdin' : 'devnull',
+               'stdout' : subprocess.PIPE,
+               'stderr' : subprocess.PIPE,
+               'universal_newlines' : True,
+             }
+        # if the command is a list, assume it's been quoted
+        # othewise force a shell
+        if not SCons.Util.is_List(command): kw['shell'] = True
+        # run constructed command
+        #TODO(1.5) p = SCons.Action._subproc(self, command, **kw)
+        p = apply(SCons.Action._subproc, (self, command), kw)
+        out,err = p.communicate()
+        status = p.wait()
+        if err:
+            sys.stderr.write(err)
+        if status:
+            raise OSError("'%s' exited %d" % (command, status))
+        return out
+
+    def AddMethod(self, function, name=None):
+        """
+        Adds the specified function as a method of this construction
+        environment with the specified name.  If the name is omitted,
+        the default name is the name of the function itself.
+        """
+        method = MethodWrapper(self, function, name)
+        self.added_methods.append(method)
+
+    def RemoveMethod(self, function):
+        """
+        Removes the specified function's MethodWrapper from the
+        added_methods list, so we don't re-bind it when making a clone.
+        """
+        is_not_func = lambda dm, f=function: not dm.method is f
+        self.added_methods = filter(is_not_func, self.added_methods)
+
+    def Override(self, overrides):
+        """
+        Produce a modified environment whose variables are overriden by
+        the overrides dictionaries.  "overrides" is a dictionary that
+        will override the variables of this environment.
+
+        This function is much more efficient than Clone() or creating
+        a new Environment because it doesn't copy the construction
+        environment dictionary, it just wraps the underlying construction
+        environment, and doesn't even create a wrapper object if there
+        are no overrides.
+        """
+        if not overrides: return self
+        o = copy_non_reserved_keywords(overrides)
+        if not o: return self
+        overrides = {}
+        merges = None
+        for key, value in o.items():
+            if key == 'parse_flags':
+                merges = value
+            else:
+                overrides[key] = SCons.Subst.scons_subst_once(value, self, key)
+        env = OverrideEnvironment(self, overrides)
+        if merges: env.MergeFlags(merges)
+        return env
+
+    def ParseFlags(self, *flags):
+        """
+        Parse the set of flags and return a dict with the flags placed
+        in the appropriate entry.  The flags are treated as a typical
+        set of command-line flags for a GNU-like toolchain and used to
+        populate the entries in the dict immediately below.  If one of
+        the flag strings begins with a bang (exclamation mark), it is
+        assumed to be a command and the rest of the string is executed;
+        the result of that evaluation is then added to the dict.
+        """
+        dict = {
+            'ASFLAGS'       : SCons.Util.CLVar(''),
+            'CFLAGS'        : SCons.Util.CLVar(''),
+            'CCFLAGS'       : SCons.Util.CLVar(''),
+            'CPPDEFINES'    : [],
+            'CPPFLAGS'      : SCons.Util.CLVar(''),
+            'CPPPATH'       : [],
+            'FRAMEWORKPATH' : SCons.Util.CLVar(''),
+            'FRAMEWORKS'    : SCons.Util.CLVar(''),
+            'LIBPATH'       : [],
+            'LIBS'          : [],
+            'LINKFLAGS'     : SCons.Util.CLVar(''),
+            'RPATH'         : [],
+        }
+
+        # The use of the "me" parameter to provide our own name for
+        # recursion is an egregious hack to support Python 2.1 and before.
+        def do_parse(arg, me, self = self, dict = dict):
+            # if arg is a sequence, recurse with each element
+            if not arg:
+                return
+
+            if not SCons.Util.is_String(arg):
+                for t in arg: me(t, me)
+                return
+
+            # if arg is a command, execute it
+            if arg[0] == '!':
+                arg = self.backtick(arg[1:])
+
+            # utility function to deal with -D option
+            def append_define(name, dict = dict):
+                t = string.split(name, '=')
+                if len(t) == 1:
+                    dict['CPPDEFINES'].append(name)
+                else:
+                    dict['CPPDEFINES'].append([t[0], string.join(t[1:], '=')])
+
+            # Loop through the flags and add them to the appropriate option.
+            # This tries to strike a balance between checking for all possible
+            # flags and keeping the logic to a finite size, so it doesn't
+            # check for some that don't occur often.  It particular, if the
+            # flag is not known to occur in a config script and there's a way
+            # of passing the flag to the right place (by wrapping it in a -W
+            # flag, for example) we don't check for it.  Note that most
+            # preprocessor options are not handled, since unhandled options
+            # are placed in CCFLAGS, so unless the preprocessor is invoked
+            # separately, these flags will still get to the preprocessor.
+            # Other options not currently handled:
+            #  -iqoutedir      (preprocessor search path)
+            #  -u symbol       (linker undefined symbol)
+            #  -s              (linker strip files)
+            #  -static*        (linker static binding)
+            #  -shared*        (linker dynamic binding)
+            #  -symbolic       (linker global binding)
+            #  -R dir          (deprecated linker rpath)
+            # IBM compilers may also accept -qframeworkdir=foo
+    
+            params = shlex.split(arg)
+            append_next_arg_to = None   # for multi-word args
+            for arg in params:
+                if append_next_arg_to:
+                   if append_next_arg_to == 'CPPDEFINES':
+                       append_define(arg)
+                   elif append_next_arg_to == '-include':
+                       t = ('-include', self.fs.File(arg))
+                       dict['CCFLAGS'].append(t)
+                   elif append_next_arg_to == '-isysroot':
+                       t = ('-isysroot', arg)
+                       dict['CCFLAGS'].append(t)
+                       dict['LINKFLAGS'].append(t)
+                   elif append_next_arg_to == '-arch':
+                       t = ('-arch', arg)
+                       dict['CCFLAGS'].append(t)
+                       dict['LINKFLAGS'].append(t)
+                   else:
+                       dict[append_next_arg_to].append(arg)
+                   append_next_arg_to = None
+                elif not arg[0] in ['-', '+']:
+                    dict['LIBS'].append(self.fs.File(arg))
+                elif arg[:2] == '-L':
+                    if arg[2:]:
+                        dict['LIBPATH'].append(arg[2:])
+                    else:
+                        append_next_arg_to = 'LIBPATH'
+                elif arg[:2] == '-l':
+                    if arg[2:]:
+                        dict['LIBS'].append(arg[2:])
+                    else:
+                        append_next_arg_to = 'LIBS'
+                elif arg[:2] == '-I':
+                    if arg[2:]:
+                        dict['CPPPATH'].append(arg[2:])
+                    else:
+                        append_next_arg_to = 'CPPPATH'
+                elif arg[:4] == '-Wa,':
+                    dict['ASFLAGS'].append(arg[4:])
+                    dict['CCFLAGS'].append(arg)
+                elif arg[:4] == '-Wl,':
+                    if arg[:11] == '-Wl,-rpath=':
+                        dict['RPATH'].append(arg[11:])
+                    elif arg[:7] == '-Wl,-R,':
+                        dict['RPATH'].append(arg[7:])
+                    elif arg[:6] == '-Wl,-R':
+                        dict['RPATH'].append(arg[6:])
+                    else:
+                        dict['LINKFLAGS'].append(arg)
+                elif arg[:4] == '-Wp,':
+                    dict['CPPFLAGS'].append(arg)
+                elif arg[:2] == '-D':
+                    if arg[2:]:
+                        append_define(arg[2:])
+                    else:
+                        append_next_arg_to = 'CPPDEFINES'
+                elif arg == '-framework':
+                    append_next_arg_to = 'FRAMEWORKS'
+                elif arg[:14] == '-frameworkdir=':
+                    dict['FRAMEWORKPATH'].append(arg[14:])
+                elif arg[:2] == '-F':
+                    if arg[2:]:
+                        dict['FRAMEWORKPATH'].append(arg[2:])
+                    else:
+                        append_next_arg_to = 'FRAMEWORKPATH'
+                elif arg == '-mno-cygwin':
+                    dict['CCFLAGS'].append(arg)
+                    dict['LINKFLAGS'].append(arg)
+                elif arg == '-mwindows':
+                    dict['LINKFLAGS'].append(arg)
+                elif arg == '-pthread':
+                    dict['CCFLAGS'].append(arg)
+                    dict['LINKFLAGS'].append(arg)
+                elif arg[:5] == '-std=':
+                    dict['CFLAGS'].append(arg) # C only
+                elif arg[0] == '+':
+                    dict['CCFLAGS'].append(arg)
+                    dict['LINKFLAGS'].append(arg)
+                elif arg in ['-include', '-isysroot', '-arch']:
+                    append_next_arg_to = arg
+                else:
+                    dict['CCFLAGS'].append(arg)
+    
+        for arg in flags:
+            do_parse(arg, do_parse)
+        return dict
+
+    def MergeFlags(self, args, unique=1, dict=None):
+        """
+        Merge the dict in args into the construction variables of this
+        env, or the passed-in dict.  If args is not a dict, it is
+        converted into a dict using ParseFlags.  If unique is not set,
+        the flags are appended rather than merged.
+        """
+
+        if dict is None:
+            dict = self
+        if not SCons.Util.is_Dict(args):
+            args = self.ParseFlags(args)
+        if not unique:
+            apply(self.Append, (), args)
+            return self
+        for key, value in args.items():
+            if not value:
+                continue
+            try:
+                orig = self[key]
+            except KeyError:
+                orig = value
+            else:
+                if not orig:
+                    orig = value
+                elif value:
+                    # Add orig and value.  The logic here was lifted from
+                    # part of env.Append() (see there for a lot of comments
+                    # about the order in which things are tried) and is
+                    # used mainly to handle coercion of strings to CLVar to
+                    # "do the right thing" given (e.g.) an original CCFLAGS
+                    # string variable like '-pipe -Wall'.
+                    try:
+                        orig = orig + value
+                    except (KeyError, TypeError):
+                        try:
+                            add_to_orig = orig.append
+                        except AttributeError:
+                            value.insert(0, orig)
+                            orig = value
+                        else:
+                            add_to_orig(value)
+            t = []
+            if key[-4:] == 'PATH':
+                ### keep left-most occurence
+                for v in orig:
+                    if v not in t:
+                        t.append(v)
+            else:
+                ### keep right-most occurence
+                orig.reverse()
+                for v in orig:
+                    if v not in t:
+                        t.insert(0, v)
+            self[key] = t
+        return self
+
+#     def MergeShellPaths(self, args, prepend=1):
+#         """
+#         Merge the dict in args into the shell environment in env['ENV'].  
+#         Shell path elements are appended or prepended according to prepend.
+
+#         Uses Pre/AppendENVPath, so it always appends or prepends uniquely.
+
+#         Example: env.MergeShellPaths({'LIBPATH': '/usr/local/lib'})
+#         prepends /usr/local/lib to env['ENV']['LIBPATH'].
+#         """
+
+#         for pathname, pathval in args.items():
+#             if not pathval:
+#                 continue
+#             if prepend:
+#                 apply(self.PrependENVPath, (pathname, pathval))
+#             else:
+#                 apply(self.AppendENVPath, (pathname, pathval))
+
+
+# Used by the FindSourceFiles() method, below.
+# Stuck here for support of pre-2.2 Python versions.
+def build_source(ss, result):
+    for s in ss:
+        if isinstance(s, SCons.Node.FS.Dir):
+            build_source(s.all_children(), result)
+        elif s.has_builder():
+            build_source(s.sources, result)
+        elif isinstance(s.disambiguate(), SCons.Node.FS.File):
+            result.append(s)
+
+def default_decide_source(dependency, target, prev_ni):
+    f = SCons.Defaults.DefaultEnvironment().decide_source
+    return f(dependency, target, prev_ni)
+
+def default_decide_target(dependency, target, prev_ni):
+    f = SCons.Defaults.DefaultEnvironment().decide_target
+    return f(dependency, target, prev_ni)
+
+def default_copy_from_cache(src, dst):
+    f = SCons.Defaults.DefaultEnvironment().copy_from_cache
+    return f(src, dst)
+
+class Base(SubstitutionEnvironment):
+    """Base class for "real" construction Environments.  These are the
+    primary objects used to communicate dependency and construction
+    information to the build engine.
+
+    Keyword arguments supplied when the construction Environment
+    is created are construction variables used to initialize the
+    Environment.
+    """
+
+    memoizer_counters = []
+
+    #######################################################################
+    # This is THE class for interacting with the SCons build engine,
+    # and it contains a lot of stuff, so we're going to try to keep this
+    # a little organized by grouping the methods.
+    #######################################################################
+
+    #######################################################################
+    # Methods that make an Environment act like a dictionary.  These have
+    # the expected standard names for Python mapping objects.  Note that
+    # we don't actually make an Environment a subclass of UserDict for
+    # performance reasons.  Note also that we only supply methods for
+    # dictionary functionality that we actually need and use.
+    #######################################################################
+
+    def __init__(self,
+                 platform=None,
+                 tools=None,
+                 toolpath=None,
+                 variables=None,
+                 parse_flags = None,
+                 **kw):
+        """
+        Initialization of a basic SCons construction environment,
+        including setting up special construction variables like BUILDER,
+        PLATFORM, etc., and searching for and applying available Tools.
+
+        Note that we do *not* call the underlying base class
+        (SubsitutionEnvironment) initialization, because we need to
+        initialize things in a very specific order that doesn't work
+        with the much simpler base class initialization.
+        """
+        if __debug__: logInstanceCreation(self, 'Environment.Base')
+        self._memo = {}
+        self.fs = SCons.Node.FS.get_default_fs()
+        self.ans = SCons.Node.Alias.default_ans
+        self.lookup_list = SCons.Node.arg2nodes_lookups
+        self._dict = semi_deepcopy(SCons.Defaults.ConstructionEnvironment)
+        self._init_special()
+        self.added_methods = []
+
+        # We don't use AddMethod, or define these as methods in this
+        # class, because we *don't* want these functions to be bound
+        # methods.  They need to operate independently so that the
+        # settings will work properly regardless of whether a given
+        # target ends up being built with a Base environment or an
+        # OverrideEnvironment or what have you.
+        self.decide_target = default_decide_target
+        self.decide_source = default_decide_source
+
+        self.copy_from_cache = default_copy_from_cache
+
+        self._dict['BUILDERS'] = BuilderDict(self._dict['BUILDERS'], self)
+
+        if platform is None:
+            platform = self._dict.get('PLATFORM', None)
+            if platform is None:
+                platform = SCons.Platform.Platform()
+        if SCons.Util.is_String(platform):
+            platform = SCons.Platform.Platform(platform)
+        self._dict['PLATFORM'] = str(platform)
+        platform(self)
+        
+        self._dict['HOST_OS']      = self._dict.get('HOST_OS',None)
+        self._dict['HOST_ARCH']    = self._dict.get('HOST_ARCH',None)
+        
+        # Now set defaults for TARGET_{OS|ARCH}
+        self._dict['TARGET_OS']      = self._dict.get('HOST_OS',None)
+        self._dict['TARGET_ARCH']    = self._dict.get('HOST_ARCH',None)
+        
+
+        # Apply the passed-in and customizable variables to the
+        # environment before calling the tools, because they may use
+        # some of them during initialization.
+        if kw.has_key('options'):
+            # Backwards compatibility:  they may stll be using the
+            # old "options" keyword.
+            variables = kw['options']
+            del kw['options']
+        apply(self.Replace, (), kw)
+        keys = kw.keys()
+        if variables:
+            keys = keys + variables.keys()
+            variables.Update(self)
+
+        save = {}
+        for k in keys:
+            try:
+                save[k] = self._dict[k]
+            except KeyError:
+                # No value may have been set if they tried to pass in a
+                # reserved variable name like TARGETS.
+                pass
+
+        SCons.Tool.Initializers(self)
+
+        if tools is None:
+            tools = self._dict.get('TOOLS', None)
+            if tools is None:
+                tools = ['default']
+        apply_tools(self, tools, toolpath)
+
+        # Now restore the passed-in and customized variables
+        # to the environment, since the values the user set explicitly
+        # should override any values set by the tools.
+        for key, val in save.items():
+            self._dict[key] = val
+
+        # Finally, apply any flags to be merged in
+        if parse_flags: self.MergeFlags(parse_flags)
+
+    #######################################################################
+    # Utility methods that are primarily for internal use by SCons.
+    # These begin with lower-case letters.
+    #######################################################################
+
+    def get_builder(self, name):
+        """Fetch the builder with the specified name from the environment.
+        """
+        try:
+            return self._dict['BUILDERS'][name]
+        except KeyError:
+            return None
+
+    def get_CacheDir(self):
+        try:
+            path = self._CacheDir_path
+        except AttributeError:
+            path = SCons.Defaults.DefaultEnvironment()._CacheDir_path
+        try:
+            if path == self._last_CacheDir_path:
+                return self._last_CacheDir
+        except AttributeError:
+            pass
+        cd = SCons.CacheDir.CacheDir(path)
+        self._last_CacheDir_path = path
+        self._last_CacheDir = cd
+        return cd
+
+    def get_factory(self, factory, default='File'):
+        """Return a factory function for creating Nodes for this
+        construction environment.
+        """
+        name = default
+        try:
+            is_node = issubclass(factory, SCons.Node.FS.Base)
+        except TypeError:
+            # The specified factory isn't a Node itself--it's
+            # most likely None, or possibly a callable.
+            pass
+        else:
+            if is_node:
+                # The specified factory is a Node (sub)class.  Try to
+                # return the FS method that corresponds to the Node's
+                # name--that is, we return self.fs.Dir if they want a Dir,
+                # self.fs.File for a File, etc.
+                try: name = factory.__name__
+                except AttributeError: pass
+                else: factory = None
+        if not factory:
+            # They passed us None, or we picked up a name from a specified
+            # class, so return the FS method.  (Note that we *don't*
+            # use our own self.{Dir,File} methods because that would
+            # cause env.subst() to be called twice on the file name,
+            # interfering with files that have $$ in them.)
+            factory = getattr(self.fs, name)
+        return factory
+
+    memoizer_counters.append(SCons.Memoize.CountValue('_gsm'))
+
+    def _gsm(self):
+        try:
+            return self._memo['_gsm']
+        except KeyError:
+            pass
+
+        result = {}
+
+        try:
+            scanners = self._dict['SCANNERS']
+        except KeyError:
+            pass
+        else:
+            # Reverse the scanner list so that, if multiple scanners
+            # claim they can scan the same suffix, earlier scanners
+            # in the list will overwrite later scanners, so that
+            # the result looks like a "first match" to the user.
+            if not SCons.Util.is_List(scanners):
+                scanners = [scanners]
+            else:
+                scanners = scanners[:] # copy so reverse() doesn't mod original
+            scanners.reverse()
+            for scanner in scanners:
+                for k in scanner.get_skeys(self):
+                    if k and self['PLATFORM'] == 'win32':
+                        k = string.lower(k)
+                    result[k] = scanner
+
+        self._memo['_gsm'] = result
+
+        return result
+
+    def get_scanner(self, skey):
+        """Find the appropriate scanner given a key (usually a file suffix).
+        """
+        if skey and self['PLATFORM'] == 'win32':
+            skey = string.lower(skey)
+        return self._gsm().get(skey)
+
+    def scanner_map_delete(self, kw=None):
+        """Delete the cached scanner map (if we need to).
+        """
+        try:
+            del self._memo['_gsm']
+        except KeyError:
+            pass
+
     def _update(self, dict):
         """Update an environment's values directly, bypassing the normal
         checks that occur when users try to set items.
         """
         self._dict.update(dict)
 
-    def use_build_signature(self):
+    def get_src_sig_type(self):
         try:
-            return self._build_signature
+            return self.src_sig_type
         except AttributeError:
-            b = SCons.Defaults.DefaultEnvironment()._build_signature
-            self._build_signature = b
-            return b
+            t = SCons.Defaults.DefaultEnvironment().src_sig_type
+            self.src_sig_type = t
+            return t
+
+    def get_tgt_sig_type(self):
+        try:
+            return self.tgt_sig_type
+        except AttributeError:
+            t = SCons.Defaults.DefaultEnvironment().tgt_sig_type
+            self.tgt_sig_type = t
+            return t
 
     #######################################################################
     # Public methods for manipulating an Environment.  These begin with
@@ -541,19 +1171,19 @@ class Base:
                 self._dict[key] = val
             else:
                 try:
-                    # Most straightforward:  just try to add them
-                    # together.  This will work in most cases, when the
-                    # original and new values are of compatible types.
-                    self._dict[key] = orig + val
-                except TypeError:
+                    # Check if the original looks like a dictionary.
+                    # If it is, we can't just try adding the value because
+                    # dictionaries don't have __add__() methods, and
+                    # things like UserList will incorrectly coerce the
+                    # original dict to a list (which we don't want).
+                    update_dict = orig.update
+                except AttributeError:
                     try:
-                        # Try to update a dictionary value with another.
-                        # If orig isn't a dictionary, it won't have an
-                        # update() method; if val isn't a dictionary,
-                        # it won't have a keys() method.  Either way,
-                        # it's an AttributeError.
-                        orig.update(val)
-                    except AttributeError:
+                        # Most straightforward:  just try to add them
+                        # together.  This will work in most cases, when the
+                        # original and new values are of compatible types.
+                        self._dict[key] = orig + val
+                    except (KeyError, TypeError):
                         try:
                             # Check if the original is a list.
                             add_to_orig = orig.append
@@ -571,34 +1201,67 @@ class Base:
                             # value to it (if there's a value to append).
                             if val:
                                 add_to_orig(val)
+                else:
+                    # The original looks like a dictionary, so update it
+                    # based on what we think the value looks like.
+                    if SCons.Util.is_List(val):
+                        for v in val:
+                            orig[v] = None
+                    else:
+                        try:
+                            update_dict(val)
+                        except (AttributeError, TypeError, ValueError):
+                            if SCons.Util.is_Dict(val):
+                                for k, v in val.items():
+                                    orig[k] = v
+                            else:
+                                orig[val] = None
         self.scanner_map_delete(kw)
 
-    def AppendENVPath(self, name, newpath, envname = 'ENV', sep = os.pathsep):
+    # allow Dirs and strings beginning with # for top-relative
+    # Note this uses the current env's fs (in self).
+    def _canonicalize(self, path):
+        if not SCons.Util.is_String(path): # typically a Dir
+            path = str(path)
+        if path and path[0] == '#':
+            path = str(self.fs.Dir(path))
+        return path
+
+    def AppendENVPath(self, name, newpath, envname = 'ENV', 
+                      sep = os.pathsep, delete_existing=1):
         """Append path elements to the path 'name' in the 'ENV'
         dictionary for this environment.  Will only add any particular
         path once, and will normpath and normcase all paths to help
         assure this.  This can also handle the case where the env
         variable is a list instead of a string.
+
+        If delete_existing is 0, a newpath which is already in the path
+        will not be moved to the end (it will be left where it is).
         """
 
         orig = ''
         if self._dict.has_key(envname) and self._dict[envname].has_key(name):
             orig = self._dict[envname][name]
 
-        nv = SCons.Util.AppendPath(orig, newpath, sep)
-            
+        nv = SCons.Util.AppendPath(orig, newpath, sep, delete_existing,
+                                   canonicalize=self._canonicalize)
+
         if not self._dict.has_key(envname):
             self._dict[envname] = {}
 
         self._dict[envname][name] = nv
 
-    def AppendUnique(self, **kw):
+    def AppendUnique(self, delete_existing=0, **kw):
         """Append values to existing construction variables
         in an Environment, if they're not already there.
+        If delete_existing is 1, removes existing values first, so
+        values move to end.
         """
         kw = copy_non_reserved_keywords(kw)
         for key, val in kw.items():
-            if not self._dict.has_key(key):
+            if SCons.Util.is_List(val):
+                val = _delete_duplicates(val, delete_existing)
+            if not self._dict.has_key(key) or self._dict[key] in ('', None):
                 self._dict[key] = val
             elif SCons.Util.is_Dict(self._dict[key]) and \
                  SCons.Util.is_Dict(val):
@@ -607,18 +1270,29 @@ class Base:
                 dk = self._dict[key]
                 if not SCons.Util.is_List(dk):
                     dk = [dk]
-                val = filter(lambda x, dk=dk: x not in dk, val)
+                if delete_existing:
+                    dk = filter(lambda x, val=val: x not in val, dk)
+                else:
+                    val = filter(lambda x, dk=dk: x not in dk, val)
                 self._dict[key] = dk + val
             else:
                 dk = self._dict[key]
                 if SCons.Util.is_List(dk):
-                    if not val in dk:
-                        self._dict[key] = dk + val
+                    # By elimination, val is not a list.  Since dk is a
+                    # list, wrap val in a list first.
+                    if delete_existing:
+                        dk = filter(lambda x, val=val: x not in val, dk)
+                        self._dict[key] = dk + [val]
+                    else:
+                        if not val in dk:
+                            self._dict[key] = dk + [val]
                 else:
-                    self._dict[key] = self._dict[key] + val
+                    if delete_existing:
+                        dk = filter(lambda x, val=val: x not in val, dk)
+                    self._dict[key] = dk + val
         self.scanner_map_delete(kw)
 
-    def Copy(self, tools=None, toolpath=[], **kw):
+    def Clone(self, tools=[], toolpath=None, parse_flags = None, **kw):
         """Return a copy of a construction Environment.  The
         copy is like a Python "deep copy"--that is, independent
         copies are made recursively of each objects--except that
@@ -627,24 +1301,108 @@ class Base:
         objects in the original Environment.
         """
         clone = copy.copy(self)
-        clone._dict = our_deepcopy(self._dict)
-        clone['__env__'] = clone
+        clone._dict = semi_deepcopy(self._dict)
+
         try:
             cbd = clone._dict['BUILDERS']
-            clone._dict['BUILDERS'] = BuilderDict(cbd, clone)
         except KeyError:
             pass
-        
-        apply_tools(clone, tools, toolpath)
+        else:
+            clone._dict['BUILDERS'] = BuilderDict(cbd, clone)
 
-        # Apply passed-in variables after the new tools.
+        # Check the methods added via AddMethod() and re-bind them to
+        # the cloned environment.  Only do this if the attribute hasn't
+        # been overwritten by the user explicitly and still points to
+        # the added method.
+        clone.added_methods = []
+        for mw in self.added_methods:
+            if mw == getattr(self, mw.name):
+                clone.added_methods.append(mw.clone(clone))
+
+        clone._memo = {}
+
+        # Apply passed-in variables before the tools
+        # so the tools can use the new variables
         kw = copy_non_reserved_keywords(kw)
         new = {}
         for key, value in kw.items():
-            new[key] = SCons.Util.scons_subst_once(value, self, key)
+            new[key] = SCons.Subst.scons_subst_once(value, self, key)
         apply(clone.Replace, (), new)
+
+        apply_tools(clone, tools, toolpath)
+
+        # apply them again in case the tools overwrote them
+        apply(clone.Replace, (), new)        
+
+        # Finally, apply any flags to be merged in
+        if parse_flags: clone.MergeFlags(parse_flags)
+
+        if __debug__: logInstanceCreation(self, 'Environment.EnvironmentClone')
         return clone
 
+    def Copy(self, *args, **kw):
+        global _warn_copy_deprecated
+        if _warn_copy_deprecated:
+            msg = "The env.Copy() method is deprecated; use the env.Clone() method instead."
+            SCons.Warnings.warn(SCons.Warnings.DeprecatedCopyWarning, msg)
+            _warn_copy_deprecated = False
+        return apply(self.Clone, args, kw)
+
+    def _changed_build(self, dependency, target, prev_ni):
+        if dependency.changed_state(target, prev_ni):
+            return 1
+        return self.decide_source(dependency, target, prev_ni)
+
+    def _changed_content(self, dependency, target, prev_ni):
+        return dependency.changed_content(target, prev_ni)
+
+    def _changed_source(self, dependency, target, prev_ni):
+        target_env = dependency.get_build_env()
+        type = target_env.get_tgt_sig_type()
+        if type == 'source':
+            return target_env.decide_source(dependency, target, prev_ni)
+        else:
+            return target_env.decide_target(dependency, target, prev_ni)
+
+    def _changed_timestamp_then_content(self, dependency, target, prev_ni):
+        return dependency.changed_timestamp_then_content(target, prev_ni)
+
+    def _changed_timestamp_newer(self, dependency, target, prev_ni):
+        return dependency.changed_timestamp_newer(target, prev_ni)
+
+    def _changed_timestamp_match(self, dependency, target, prev_ni):
+        return dependency.changed_timestamp_match(target, prev_ni)
+
+    def _copy_from_cache(self, src, dst):
+        return self.fs.copy(src, dst)
+
+    def _copy2_from_cache(self, src, dst):
+        return self.fs.copy2(src, dst)
+
+    def Decider(self, function):
+        copy_function = self._copy2_from_cache
+        if function in ('MD5', 'content'):
+            if not SCons.Util.md5:
+                raise UserError, "MD5 signatures are not available in this version of Python."
+            function = self._changed_content
+        elif function == 'MD5-timestamp':
+            function = self._changed_timestamp_then_content
+        elif function in ('timestamp-newer', 'make'):
+            function = self._changed_timestamp_newer
+            copy_function = self._copy_from_cache
+        elif function == 'timestamp-match':
+            function = self._changed_timestamp_match
+        elif not callable(function):
+            raise UserError, "Unknown Decider value %s" % repr(function)
+
+        # We don't use AddMethod because we don't want to turn the
+        # function, which only expects three arguments, into a bound
+        # method, which would add self as an initial, fourth argument.
+        self.decide_target = function
+        self.decide_source = function
+
+        self.copy_from_cache = copy_function
+
     def Detect(self, progs):
         """Return the first available program in progs.
         """
@@ -656,12 +1414,12 @@ class Base:
         return None
 
     def Dictionary(self, *args):
-       if not args:
-           return self._dict
-       dlist = map(lambda x, s=self: s._dict[x], args)
-       if len(dlist) == 1:
-           dlist = dlist[0]
-       return dlist
+        if not args:
+            return self._dict
+        dlist = map(lambda x, s=self: s._dict[x], args)
+        if len(dlist) == 1:
+            dlist = dlist[0]
+        return dlist
 
     def Dump(self, key = None):
         """
@@ -695,92 +1453,66 @@ class Base:
 
         for path in paths:
             dir,name = os.path.split(str(path))
-            if name[:len(prefix)] == prefix and name[-len(suffix):] == suffix: 
+            if name[:len(prefix)] == prefix and name[-len(suffix):] == suffix:
                 return path
 
-    def Override(self, overrides):
-        """
-        Produce a modified environment whose variables
-        are overriden by the overrides dictionaries.
-
-        overrides - a dictionary that will override
-        the variables of this environment.
-
-        This function is much more efficient than Copy()
-        or creating a new Environment because it doesn't do
-        a deep copy of the dictionary, and doesn't do a copy
-        at all if there are no overrides.
-        """
-
-        if overrides:
-            env = copy.copy(self)
-            env._dict = copy.copy(self._dict)
-            env['__env__'] = env
-            overrides = copy_non_reserved_keywords(overrides)
-            new = {}
-            for key, value in overrides.items():
-                new[key] = SCons.Util.scons_subst_once(value, self, key)
-            env._dict.update(new)
-            return env
-        else:
-            return self
-
-    def ParseConfig(self, command, function=None):
+    def ParseConfig(self, command, function=None, unique=1):
         """
         Use the specified function to parse the output of the command
-        in order to modify the current environment. The 'command' can
+        in order to modify the current environment.  The 'command' can
         be a string or a list of strings representing a command and
-        it's arguments. 'Function' is an optional argument that takes
-        the environment and the output of the command. If no function is
-        specified, the output will be treated as the output of a typical
-        'X-config' command (i.e. gtk-config) and used to append to the
-        ASFLAGS, CCFLAGS, CPPFLAGS, CPPPATH, LIBPATH, LIBS, LINKFLAGS
-        and CCFLAGS variables.
+        its arguments.  'Function' is an optional argument that takes
+        the environment, the output of the command, and the unique flag.
+        If no function is specified, MergeFlags, which treats the output
+        as the result of a typical 'X-config' command (i.e. gtk-config),
+        will merge the output into the appropriate variables.
         """
-
-        # the default parse function
-        def parse_conf(env, output):
-            dict = {
-                'ASFLAGS'       : [],
-                'CCFLAGS'       : [],
-                'CPPFLAGS'      : [],
-                'CPPPATH'       : [],
-                'LIBPATH'       : [],
-                'LIBS'          : [],
-                'LINKFLAGS'     : [],
-            }
-            static_libs = []
-    
-            params = string.split(output)
-            for arg in params:
-                if arg[0] != '-':
-                    static_libs.append(arg)
-                elif arg[:2] == '-L':
-                    dict['LIBPATH'].append(arg[2:])
-                elif arg[:2] == '-l':
-                    dict['LIBS'].append(arg[2:])
-                elif arg[:2] == '-I':
-                    dict['CPPPATH'].append(arg[2:])
-                elif arg[:4] == '-Wa,':
-                    dict['ASFLAGS'].append(arg)
-                elif arg[:4] == '-Wl,':
-                    dict['LINKFLAGS'].append(arg)
-                elif arg[:4] == '-Wp,':
-                    dict['CPPFLAGS'].append(arg)
-                elif arg == '-pthread':
-                    dict['CCFLAGS'].append(arg)
-                    dict['LINKFLAGS'].append(arg)
-                else:
-                    dict['CCFLAGS'].append(arg)
-            apply(env.Append, (), dict)
-            return static_libs
-    
         if function is None:
+            def parse_conf(env, cmd, unique=unique):
+                return env.MergeFlags(cmd, unique)
             function = parse_conf
-        if type(command) is type([]):
+        if SCons.Util.is_List(command):
             command = string.join(command)
         command = self.subst(command)
-        return function(self, os.popen(command).read())
+        return function(self, self.backtick(command))
+
+    def ParseDepends(self, filename, must_exist=None, only_one=0):
+        """
+        Parse a mkdep-style file for explicit dependencies.  This is
+        completely abusable, and should be unnecessary in the "normal"
+        case of proper SCons configuration, but it may help make
+        the transition from a Make hierarchy easier for some people
+        to swallow.  It can also be genuinely useful when using a tool
+        that can write a .d file, but for which writing a scanner would
+        be too complicated.
+        """
+        filename = self.subst(filename)
+        try:
+            fp = open(filename, 'r')
+        except IOError:
+            if must_exist:
+                raise
+            return
+        lines = SCons.Util.LogicalLines(fp).readlines()
+        lines = filter(lambda l: l[0] != '#', lines)
+        tdlist = []
+        for line in lines:
+            try:
+                target, depends = string.split(line, ':', 1)
+            except (AttributeError, TypeError, ValueError):
+                # Python 1.5.2 throws TypeError if line isn't a string,
+                # Python 2.x throws AttributeError because it tries
+                # to call line.split().  Either can throw ValueError
+                # if the line doesn't split into two or more elements.
+                pass
+            else:
+                tdlist.append((string.split(target), string.split(depends)))
+        if only_one:
+            targets = reduce(lambda x, y: x+y, map(lambda p: p[0], tdlist))
+            if len(targets) > 1:
+                raise SCons.Errors.UserError, "More than one dependency target found in `%s':  %s" % (filename, targets)
+        for target, depends in tdlist:
+            self.Depends(target, depends)
 
     def Platform(self, platform):
         platform = self.subst(platform)
@@ -804,19 +1536,19 @@ class Base:
                 self._dict[key] = val
             else:
                 try:
-                    # Most straightforward:  just try to add them
-                    # together.  This will work in most cases, when the
-                    # original and new values are of compatible types.
-                    self._dict[key] = val + orig
-                except TypeError:
+                    # Check if the original looks like a dictionary.
+                    # If it is, we can't just try adding the value because
+                    # dictionaries don't have __add__() methods, and
+                    # things like UserList will incorrectly coerce the
+                    # original dict to a list (which we don't want).
+                    update_dict = orig.update
+                except AttributeError:
                     try:
-                        # Try to update a dictionary value with another.
-                        # If orig isn't a dictionary, it won't have an
-                        # update() method; if val isn't a dictionary,
-                        # it won't have a keys() method.  Either way,
-                        # it's an AttributeError.
-                        orig.update(val)
-                    except AttributeError:
+                        # Most straightforward:  just try to add them
+                        # together.  This will work in most cases, when the
+                        # original and new values are of compatible types.
+                        self._dict[key] = val + orig
+                    except (KeyError, TypeError):
                         try:
                             # Check if the added value is a list.
                             add_to_val = val.append
@@ -834,34 +1566,58 @@ class Base:
                             if orig:
                                 add_to_val(orig)
                             self._dict[key] = val
+                else:
+                    # The original looks like a dictionary, so update it
+                    # based on what we think the value looks like.
+                    if SCons.Util.is_List(val):
+                        for v in val:
+                            orig[v] = None
+                    else:
+                        try:
+                            update_dict(val)
+                        except (AttributeError, TypeError, ValueError):
+                            if SCons.Util.is_Dict(val):
+                                for k, v in val.items():
+                                    orig[k] = v
+                            else:
+                                orig[val] = None
         self.scanner_map_delete(kw)
 
-    def PrependENVPath(self, name, newpath, envname = 'ENV', sep = os.pathsep):
+    def PrependENVPath(self, name, newpath, envname = 'ENV', sep = os.pathsep,
+                       delete_existing=1):
         """Prepend path elements to the path 'name' in the 'ENV'
         dictionary for this environment.  Will only add any particular
         path once, and will normpath and normcase all paths to help
         assure this.  This can also handle the case where the env
         variable is a list instead of a string.
+
+        If delete_existing is 0, a newpath which is already in the path
+        will not be moved to the front (it will be left where it is).
         """
 
         orig = ''
         if self._dict.has_key(envname) and self._dict[envname].has_key(name):
             orig = self._dict[envname][name]
 
-        nv = SCons.Util.PrependPath(orig, newpath, sep)
-            
+        nv = SCons.Util.PrependPath(orig, newpath, sep, delete_existing,
+                                    canonicalize=self._canonicalize)
+
         if not self._dict.has_key(envname):
             self._dict[envname] = {}
 
         self._dict[envname][name] = nv
 
-    def PrependUnique(self, **kw):
-        """Append values to existing construction variables
+    def PrependUnique(self, delete_existing=0, **kw):
+        """Prepend values to existing construction variables
         in an Environment, if they're not already there.
+        If delete_existing is 1, removes existing values first, so
+        values move to front.
         """
         kw = copy_non_reserved_keywords(kw)
         for key, val in kw.items():
-            if not self._dict.has_key(key):
+            if SCons.Util.is_List(val):
+                val = _delete_duplicates(val, not delete_existing)
+            if not self._dict.has_key(key) or self._dict[key] in ('', None):
                 self._dict[key] = val
             elif SCons.Util.is_Dict(self._dict[key]) and \
                  SCons.Util.is_Dict(val):
@@ -870,14 +1626,25 @@ class Base:
                 dk = self._dict[key]
                 if not SCons.Util.is_List(dk):
                     dk = [dk]
-                val = filter(lambda x, dk=dk: x not in dk, val)
+                if delete_existing:
+                    dk = filter(lambda x, val=val: x not in val, dk)
+                else:
+                    val = filter(lambda x, dk=dk: x not in dk, val)
                 self._dict[key] = val + dk
             else:
                 dk = self._dict[key]
                 if SCons.Util.is_List(dk):
-                    if not val in dk:
-                        self._dict[key] = val + dk
+                    # By elimination, val is not a list.  Since dk is a
+                    # list, wrap val in a list first.
+                    if delete_existing:
+                        dk = filter(lambda x, val=val: x not in val, dk)
+                        self._dict[key] = [val] + dk
+                    else:
+                        if not val in dk:
+                            self._dict[key] = [val] + dk
                 else:
+                    if delete_existing:
+                        dk = filter(lambda x, val=val: x not in val, dk)
                     self._dict[key] = val + dk
         self.scanner_map_delete(kw)
 
@@ -886,13 +1653,15 @@ class Base:
         with new construction variables and/or values.
         """
         try:
-            kwbd = our_deepcopy(kw['BUILDERS'])
-            del kw['BUILDERS']
-            self.__setitem__('BUILDERS', kwbd)
+            kwbd = kw['BUILDERS']
         except KeyError:
             pass
+        else:
+            kwbd = semi_deepcopy(kwbd)
+            del kw['BUILDERS']
+            self.__setitem__('BUILDERS', kwbd)
         kw = copy_non_reserved_keywords(kw)
-        self._dict.update(our_deepcopy(kw))
+        self._update(semi_deepcopy(kw))
         self.scanner_map_delete(kw)
 
     def ReplaceIxes(self, path, old_prefix, old_suffix, new_prefix, new_suffix):
@@ -925,12 +1694,20 @@ class Base:
                 del kw[k]
         apply(self.Replace, (), kw)
 
-    def Tool(self, tool, toolpath=[]):
-        tool = self.subst(tool)
-        return SCons.Tool.Tool(tool, map(self.subst, toolpath))(self)
+    def _find_toolpath_dir(self, tp):
+        return self.fs.Dir(self.subst(tp)).srcnode().abspath
+
+    def Tool(self, tool, toolpath=None, **kw):
+        if SCons.Util.is_String(tool):
+            tool = self.subst(tool)
+            if toolpath is None:
+                toolpath = self.get('toolpath', [])
+            toolpath = map(self._find_toolpath_dir, toolpath)
+            tool = apply(SCons.Tool.Tool, (tool, toolpath), kw)
+        tool(self)
 
     def WhereIs(self, prog, path=None, pathext=None, reject=[]):
-        """Find prog in the path.  
+        """Find prog in the path.
         """
         if path is None:
             try:
@@ -946,6 +1723,7 @@ class Base:
                 pass
         elif SCons.Util.is_String(pathext):
             pathext = self.subst(pathext)
+        prog = self.subst(prog)
         path = SCons.Util.WhereIs(prog, path, pathext, reject)
         if path: return path
         return None
@@ -959,67 +1737,110 @@ class Base:
     #######################################################################
 
     def Action(self, *args, **kw):
-        nargs = self.subst(args)
+        def subst_string(a, self=self):
+            if SCons.Util.is_String(a):
+                a = self.subst(a)
+            return a
+        nargs = map(subst_string, args)
         nkw = self.subst_kw(kw)
         return apply(SCons.Action.Action, nargs, nkw)
 
     def AddPreAction(self, files, action):
         nodes = self.arg2nodes(files, self.fs.Entry)
         action = SCons.Action.Action(action)
-        for n in nodes:
-            n.add_pre_action(action)
+        uniq = {}
+        for executor in map(lambda n: n.get_executor(), nodes):
+            uniq[executor] = 1
+        for executor in uniq.keys():
+            executor.add_pre_action(action)
         return nodes
-    
+
     def AddPostAction(self, files, action):
         nodes = self.arg2nodes(files, self.fs.Entry)
         action = SCons.Action.Action(action)
-        for n in nodes:
-            n.add_post_action(action)
+        uniq = {}
+        for executor in map(lambda n: n.get_executor(), nodes):
+            uniq[executor] = 1
+        for executor in uniq.keys():
+            executor.add_post_action(action)
         return nodes
 
-    def Alias(self, target, *source, **kw):
-        if not SCons.Util.is_List(target):
-            target = [target]
-        tlist = []
-        for t in target:
-            if not isinstance(t, SCons.Node.Alias.Alias):
-                t = self.arg2nodes(self.subst(t), self.ans.Alias)[0]
-            tlist.append(t)
-        try:
-            s = kw['source']
-        except KeyError:
-            try:
-                s = source[0]
-            except IndexError:
-                s = None
-        if s:
-            if not SCons.Util.is_List(s):
-                s = [s]
-            s = filter(None, s)
-            s = self.arg2nodes(s, self.fs.Entry)
+    def Alias(self, target, source=[], action=None, **kw):
+        tlist = self.arg2nodes(target, self.ans.Alias)
+        if not SCons.Util.is_List(source):
+            source = [source]
+        source = filter(None, source)
+
+        if not action:
+            if not source:
+                # There are no source files and no action, so just
+                # return a target list of classic Alias Nodes, without
+                # any builder.  The externally visible effect is that
+                # this will make the wrapping Script.BuildTask class
+                # say that there's "Nothing to be done" for this Alias,
+                # instead of that it's "up to date."
+                return tlist
+
+            # No action, but there are sources.  Re-call all the target
+            # builders to add the sources to each target.
+            result = []
             for t in tlist:
-                AliasBuilder(self, t, s)
-        return tlist
+                bld = t.get_builder(AliasBuilder)
+                result.extend(bld(self, t, source))
+            return result
+
+        nkw = self.subst_kw(kw)
+        nkw.update({
+            'action'            : SCons.Action.Action(action),
+            'source_factory'    : self.fs.Entry,
+            'multi'             : 1,
+            'is_explicit'       : None,
+        })
+        bld = apply(SCons.Builder.Builder, (), nkw)
+
+        # Apply the Builder separately to each target so that the Aliases
+        # stay separate.  If we did one "normal" Builder call with the
+        # whole target list, then all of the target Aliases would be
+        # associated under a single Executor.
+        result = []
+        for t in tlist:
+            # Calling the convert() method will cause a new Executor to be
+            # created from scratch, so we have to explicitly initialize
+            # it with the target's existing sources, plus our new ones,
+            # so nothing gets lost.
+            b = t.get_builder()
+            if b is None or b is AliasBuilder:
+                b = bld
+            else:
+                nkw['action'] = b.action + action
+                b = apply(SCons.Builder.Builder, (), nkw)
+            t.convert()
+            result.extend(b(self, t, t.sources + source))
+        return result
 
     def AlwaysBuild(self, *targets):
         tlist = []
         for t in targets:
-            tlist.extend(self.arg2nodes(t, self.fs.File))
+            tlist.extend(self.arg2nodes(t, self.fs.Entry))
         for t in tlist:
             t.set_always_build()
         return tlist
 
-    def BuildDir(self, build_dir, src_dir, duplicate=1):
-        build_dir = self.arg2nodes(build_dir, self.fs.Dir)[0]
-        src_dir = self.arg2nodes(src_dir, self.fs.Dir)[0]
-        self.fs.BuildDir(build_dir, src_dir, duplicate)
+    def BuildDir(self, *args, **kw):
+        if kw.has_key('build_dir'):
+            kw['variant_dir'] = kw['build_dir']
+            del kw['build_dir']
+        return apply(self.VariantDir, args, kw)
 
     def Builder(self, **kw):
         nkw = self.subst_kw(kw)
         return apply(SCons.Builder.Builder, [], nkw)
 
     def CacheDir(self, path):
-        self.fs.CacheDir(self.subst(path))
+        import SCons.CacheDir
+        if path is not None:
+            path = self.subst(path)
+        self._CacheDir_path = path
 
     def Clean(self, targets, files):
         global CleanTargets
@@ -1036,6 +1857,7 @@ class Base:
         if args:
             nargs = nargs + self.subst_list(args)[0]
         nkw = self.subst_kw(kw)
+        nkw['_depth'] = kw.get('_depth', 0) + 1
         try:
             nkw['custom_tests'] = self.subst_kw(nkw['custom_tests'])
         except KeyError:
@@ -1047,11 +1869,16 @@ class Base:
         source files using the supplied action.  Action may
         be any type that the Builder constructor will accept
         for an action."""
-        nkw = self.subst_kw(kw)
-        nkw['action'] = action
-        nkw['source_factory'] = self.fs.Entry
-        bld = apply(SCons.Builder.Builder, (), nkw)
-        return bld(self, target, source)
+        bkw = {
+            'action' : action,
+            'target_factory' : self.fs.Entry,
+            'source_factory' : self.fs.Entry,
+        }
+        try: bkw['source_scanner'] = kw['source_scanner']
+        except KeyError: pass
+        else: del kw['source_scanner']
+        bld = apply(SCons.Builder.Builder, (), bkw)
+        return apply(bld, (self, target, source), kw)
 
     def Depends(self, target, dependency):
         """Explicity specify that 'target's depend on 'dependency'."""
@@ -1064,7 +1891,42 @@ class Base:
     def Dir(self, name, *args, **kw):
         """
         """
-        return apply(self.fs.Dir, (self.subst(name),) + args, kw)
+        s = self.subst(name)
+        if SCons.Util.is_Sequence(s):
+            result=[]
+            for e in s:
+                result.append(apply(self.fs.Dir, (e,) + args, kw))
+            return result
+        return apply(self.fs.Dir, (s,) + args, kw)
+
+    def NoClean(self, *targets):
+        """Tags a target so that it will not be cleaned by -c"""
+        tlist = []
+        for t in targets:
+            tlist.extend(self.arg2nodes(t, self.fs.Entry))
+        for t in tlist:
+            t.set_noclean()
+        return tlist
+
+    def NoCache(self, *targets):
+        """Tags a target so that it will not be cached"""
+        tlist = []
+        for t in targets:
+            tlist.extend(self.arg2nodes(t, self.fs.Entry))
+        for t in tlist:
+            t.set_nocache()
+        return tlist
+
+    def Entry(self, name, *args, **kw):
+        """
+        """
+        s = self.subst(name)
+        if SCons.Util.is_Sequence(s):
+            result=[]
+            for e in s:
+                result.append(apply(self.fs.Entry, (e,) + args, kw))
+            return result
+        return apply(self.fs.Entry, (s,) + args, kw)
 
     def Environment(self, **kw):
         return apply(SCons.Environment.Environment, [], self.subst_kw(kw))
@@ -1073,17 +1935,31 @@ class Base:
         """Directly execute an action through an Environment
         """
         action = apply(self.Action, (action,) + args, kw)
-        return action([], [], self)
+        result = action([], [], self)
+        if isinstance(result, SCons.Errors.BuildError):
+            errstr = result.errstr
+            if result.filename:
+                errstr = result.filename + ': ' + errstr
+            sys.stderr.write("scons: *** %s\n" % errstr)
+            return result.status
+        else:
+            return result
 
     def File(self, name, *args, **kw):
         """
         """
-        return apply(self.fs.File, (self.subst(name),) + args, kw)
+        s = self.subst(name)
+        if SCons.Util.is_Sequence(s):
+            result=[]
+            for e in s:
+                result.append(apply(self.fs.File, (e,) + args, kw))
+            return result
+        return apply(self.fs.File, (s,) + args, kw)
 
     def FindFile(self, file, dirs):
         file = self.subst(file)
         nodes = self.arg2nodes(dirs, self.fs.Dir)
-        return SCons.Node.FS.find_file(file, nodes, self.fs.File)
+        return SCons.Node.FS.find_file(file, tuple(nodes))
 
     def Flatten(self, sequence):
         return SCons.Util.flatten(sequence)
@@ -1095,6 +1971,9 @@ class Base:
         else:
             return result[0]
 
+    def Glob(self, pattern, ondisk=True, source=False, strings=False):
+        return self.fs.Glob(self.subst(pattern), ondisk, source, strings)
+
     def Ignore(self, target, dependency):
         """Ignore a dependency."""
         tlist = self.arg2nodes(target, self.fs.Entry)
@@ -1103,37 +1982,8 @@ class Base:
             t.add_ignore(dlist)
         return tlist
 
-    def Install(self, dir, source):
-        """Install specified files in the given directory."""
-        try:
-            dnodes = self.arg2nodes(dir, self.fs.Dir)
-        except TypeError:
-            raise SCons.Errors.UserError, "Target `%s' of Install() is a file, but should be a directory.  Perhaps you have the Install() arguments backwards?" % str(dir)
-        try:
-            sources = self.arg2nodes(source, self.fs.File)
-        except TypeError:
-            if SCons.Util.is_List(source):
-                raise SCons.Errors.UserError, "Source `%s' of Install() contains one or more non-files.  Install() source must be one or more files." % repr(map(str, source))
-            else:
-                raise SCons.Errors.UserError, "Source `%s' of Install() is not a file.  Install() source must be one or more files." % str(source)
-        tgt = []
-        for dnode in dnodes:
-            for src in sources:
-                target = self.fs.File(src.name, dnode)
-                tgt.extend(InstallBuilder(self, target, src))
-        return tgt
-
-    def InstallAs(self, target, source):
-        """Install sources as targets."""
-        sources = self.arg2nodes(source, self.fs.File)
-        targets = self.arg2nodes(target, self.fs.File)
-        result = []
-        for src, tgt in map(lambda x, y: (x, y), sources, targets):
-            result.extend(InstallBuilder(self, tgt, src))
-        return result
-
     def Literal(self, string):
-        return SCons.Util.Literal(string)
+        return SCons.Subst.Literal(string)
 
     def Local(self, *targets):
         ret = []
@@ -1159,6 +2009,16 @@ class Base:
         dirs = self.arg2nodes(list(dirs), self.fs.Dir)
         apply(self.fs.Repository, dirs, kw)
 
+    def Requires(self, target, prerequisite):
+        """Specify that 'prerequisite' must be built before 'target',
+        (but 'target' does not actually depend on 'prerequisite'
+        and need not be rebuilt if it changes)."""
+        tlist = self.arg2nodes(target, self.fs.Entry)
+        plist = self.arg2nodes(prerequisite, self.fs.Entry)
+        for t in tlist:
+            t.add_prerequisite(plist)
+        return tlist
+
     def Scanner(self, *args, **kw):
         nargs = []
         for arg in args:
@@ -1166,16 +2026,22 @@ class Base:
                 arg = self.subst(arg)
             nargs.append(arg)
         nkw = self.subst_kw(kw)
-        return apply(SCons.Scanner.Scanner, nargs, nkw)
+        return apply(SCons.Scanner.Base, nargs, nkw)
 
     def SConsignFile(self, name=".sconsign", dbm_module=None):
-        name = self.subst(name)
-        if not os.path.isabs(name):
-            name = os.path.join(str(self.fs.SConstruct_dir), name)
+        if name is not None:
+            name = self.subst(name)
+            if not os.path.isabs(name):
+                name = os.path.join(str(self.fs.SConstruct_dir), name)
+        if name:
+            name = os.path.normpath(name)
+            sconsign_dir = os.path.dirname(name)
+            if sconsign_dir and not os.path.exists(sconsign_dir):
+                self.Execute(SCons.Defaults.Mkdir(sconsign_dir))
         SCons.SConsign.File(name, dbm_module)
 
     def SideEffect(self, side_effect, target):
-        """Tell scons that side_effects are built as side 
+        """Tell scons that side_effects are built as side
         effects of building targets."""
         side_effects = self.arg2nodes(side_effect, self.fs.Entry)
         targets = self.arg2nodes(target, self.fs.Entry)
@@ -1198,15 +2064,22 @@ class Base:
         return entries
 
     def SourceSignatures(self, type):
+        global _warn_source_signatures_deprecated
+        if _warn_source_signatures_deprecated:
+            msg = "The env.SourceSignatures() method is deprecated;\n" + \
+                  "\tconvert your build to use the env.Decider() method instead."
+            SCons.Warnings.warn(SCons.Warnings.DeprecatedSourceSignaturesWarning, msg)
+            _warn_source_signatures_deprecated = False
         type = self.subst(type)
+        self.src_sig_type = type
         if type == 'MD5':
-            import SCons.Sig.MD5
-            self._calc_module = SCons.Sig.MD5
+            if not SCons.Util.md5:
+                raise UserError, "MD5 signatures are not available in this version of Python."
+            self.decide_source = self._changed_content
         elif type == 'timestamp':
-            import SCons.Sig.TimeStamp
-            self._calc_module = SCons.Sig.TimeStamp
+            self.decide_source = self._changed_timestamp_match
         else:
-            raise UserError, "Unknown source signature type '%s'"%type
+            raise UserError, "Unknown source signature type '%s'" % type
 
     def Split(self, arg):
         """This function converts a string or list into a list of strings
@@ -1227,18 +2100,174 @@ class Base:
             return [self.subst(arg)]
 
     def TargetSignatures(self, type):
+        global _warn_target_signatures_deprecated
+        if _warn_target_signatures_deprecated:
+            msg = "The env.TargetSignatures() method is deprecated;\n" + \
+                  "\tconvert your build to use the env.Decider() method instead."
+            SCons.Warnings.warn(SCons.Warnings.DeprecatedTargetSignaturesWarning, msg)
+            _warn_target_signatures_deprecated = False
         type = self.subst(type)
-        if type == 'build':
-            self._build_signature = 1
-        elif type == 'content':
-            self._build_signature = 0
+        self.tgt_sig_type = type
+        if type in ('MD5', 'content'):
+            if not SCons.Util.md5:
+                raise UserError, "MD5 signatures are not available in this version of Python."
+            self.decide_target = self._changed_content
+        elif type == 'timestamp':
+            self.decide_target = self._changed_timestamp_match
+        elif type == 'build':
+            self.decide_target = self._changed_build
+        elif type == 'source':
+            self.decide_target = self._changed_source
         else:
-            raise SCons.Errors.UserError, "Unknown target signature type '%s'"%type
+            raise UserError, "Unknown target signature type '%s'"%type
 
-    def Value(self, value):
+    def Value(self, value, built_value=None):
+        """
         """
+        return SCons.Node.Python.Value(value, built_value)
+
+    def VariantDir(self, variant_dir, src_dir, duplicate=1):
+        variant_dir = self.arg2nodes(variant_dir, self.fs.Dir)[0]
+        src_dir = self.arg2nodes(src_dir, self.fs.Dir)[0]
+        self.fs.VariantDir(variant_dir, src_dir, duplicate)
+
+    def FindSourceFiles(self, node='.'):
+        """ returns a list of all source files.
+        """
+        node = self.arg2nodes(node, self.fs.Entry)[0]
+
+        sources = []
+        # Uncomment this and get rid of the global definition when we
+        # drop support for pre-2.2 Python versions.
+        #def build_source(ss, result):
+        #    for s in ss:
+        #        if isinstance(s, SCons.Node.FS.Dir):
+        #            build_source(s.all_children(), result)
+        #        elif s.has_builder():
+        #            build_source(s.sources, result)
+        #        elif isinstance(s.disambiguate(), SCons.Node.FS.File):
+        #            result.append(s)
+        build_source(node.all_children(), sources)
+
+    # THIS CODE APPEARS TO HAVE NO EFFECT
+    #    # get the final srcnode for all nodes, this means stripping any
+    #    # attached build node by calling the srcnode function
+    #    for file in sources:
+    #        srcnode = file.srcnode()
+    #        while srcnode != file.srcnode():
+    #            srcnode = file.srcnode()
+
+        # remove duplicates
+        return list(set(sources))
+
+    def FindInstalledFiles(self):
+        """ returns the list of all targets of the Install and InstallAs Builder.
+        """
+        from SCons.Tool import install
+        if install._UNIQUE_INSTALLED_FILES is None:
+            install._UNIQUE_INSTALLED_FILES = SCons.Util.uniquer_hashables(install._INSTALLED_FILES)
+        return install._UNIQUE_INSTALLED_FILES
+
+class OverrideEnvironment(Base):
+    """A proxy that overrides variables in a wrapped construction
+    environment by returning values from an overrides dictionary in
+    preference to values from the underlying subject environment.
+
+    This is a lightweight (I hope) proxy that passes through most use of
+    attributes to the underlying Environment.Base class, but has just
+    enough additional methods defined to act like a real construction
+    environment with overridden values.  It can wrap either a Base
+    construction environment, or another OverrideEnvironment, which
+    can in turn nest arbitrary OverrideEnvironments...
+
+    Note that we do *not* call the underlying base class
+    (SubsitutionEnvironment) initialization, because we get most of those
+    from proxying the attributes of the subject construction environment.
+    But because we subclass SubstitutionEnvironment, this class also
+    has inherited arg2nodes() and subst*() methods; those methods can't
+    be proxied because they need *this* object's methods to fetch the
+    values from the overrides dictionary.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, subject, overrides={}):
+        if __debug__: logInstanceCreation(self, 'Environment.OverrideEnvironment')
+        self.__dict__['__subject'] = subject
+        self.__dict__['overrides'] = overrides
+
+    # Methods that make this class act like a proxy.
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        return getattr(self.__dict__['__subject'], name)
+    def __setattr__(self, name, value):
+        setattr(self.__dict__['__subject'], name, value)
+
+    # Methods that make this class act like a dictionary.
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        try:
+            return self.__dict__['overrides'][key]
+        except KeyError:
+            return self.__dict__['__subject'].__getitem__(key)
+    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
+        if not is_valid_construction_var(key):
+            raise SCons.Errors.UserError, "Illegal construction variable `%s'" % key
+        self.__dict__['overrides'][key] = value
+    def __delitem__(self, key):
+        try:
+            del self.__dict__['overrides'][key]
+        except KeyError:
+            deleted = 0
+        else:
+            deleted = 1
+        try:
+            result = self.__dict__['__subject'].__delitem__(key)
+        except KeyError:
+            if not deleted:
+                raise
+            result = None
+        return result
+    def get(self, key, default=None):
+        """Emulates the get() method of dictionaries."""
+        try:
+            return self.__dict__['overrides'][key]
+        except KeyError:
+            return self.__dict__['__subject'].get(key, default)
+    def has_key(self, key):
+        try:
+            self.__dict__['overrides'][key]
+            return 1
+        except KeyError:
+            return self.__dict__['__subject'].has_key(key)
+    def __contains__(self, key):
+        if self.__dict__['overrides'].__contains__(key):
+            return 1
+        return self.__dict__['__subject'].__contains__(key)
+    def Dictionary(self):
+        """Emulates the items() method of dictionaries."""
+        d = self.__dict__['__subject'].Dictionary().copy()
+        d.update(self.__dict__['overrides'])
+        return d
+    def items(self):
+        """Emulates the items() method of dictionaries."""
+        return self.Dictionary().items()
+
+    # Overridden private construction environment methods.
+    def _update(self, dict):
+        """Update an environment's values directly, bypassing the normal
+        checks that occur when users try to set items.
         """
-        return SCons.Node.Python.Value(value)
+        self.__dict__['overrides'].update(dict)
+
+    def gvars(self):
+        return self.__dict__['__subject'].gvars()
+
+    def lvars(self):
+        lvars = self.__dict__['__subject'].lvars()
+        lvars.update(self.__dict__['overrides'])
+        return lvars
+
+    # Overridden public construction environment methods.
+    def Replace(self, **kw):
+        kw = copy_non_reserved_keywords(kw)
+        self.__dict__['overrides'].update(semi_deepcopy(kw))
 
 # The entry point that will be used by the external world
 # to refer to a construction environment.  This allows the wrapper
@@ -1285,11 +2314,17 @@ def NoSubstitutionProxy(subject):
             nkw = kwargs.copy()
             nkw['gvars'] = {}
             self.raw_to_mode(nkw)
-            return apply(SCons.Util.scons_subst_list, nargs, nkw)
+            return apply(SCons.Subst.scons_subst_list, nargs, nkw)
         def subst_target_source(self, string, *args, **kwargs):
             nargs = (string, self,) + args
             nkw = kwargs.copy()
             nkw['gvars'] = {}
             self.raw_to_mode(nkw)
-            return apply(SCons.Util.scons_subst, nargs, nkw)
+            return apply(SCons.Subst.scons_subst, nargs, nkw)
     return _NoSubstitutionProxy(subject)
+
+# Local Variables:
+# tab-width:4
+# indent-tabs-mode:nil
+# End:
+# vim: set expandtab tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4: