Version bump for release.
[irker.git] / irkerd
diff --git a/irkerd b/irkerd
index 0453a0a284ae71c73696d5228edb1bdd6fe07788..d9505b378ae1bfa0ce7c48f15b5b8f848ae9cf5b 100755 (executable)
--- a/irkerd
+++ b/irkerd
@@ -12,17 +12,14 @@ a list of such strings; in the latter case the message is broadcast to
 all listed channels.  Note that the channel portion of the URL need
 *not* have a leading '#' unless the channel name itself does.
 
-Options: -d sets the debug-message level (probably only of interest to
-developers). -l sets a logfile to capture message traffic from
-channels.  -n sets the nick and -p the nickserv password. The -V
-option prints the program version and exits.
-
 Design and code by Eric S. Raymond <esr@thyrsus.com>. See the project
 resource page at <http://www.catb.org/~esr/irker/>.
 
-Requires Python 2.6 or 2.5 with the simplejson library installed.
+Requires Python 2.7, or:
+* 2.6 with the argparse package installed.
 """
 
+from __future__ import unicode_literals
 from __future__ import with_statement
 
 # These things might need tuning
@@ -43,14 +40,46 @@ CONNECTION_MAX = 200                # To avoid hitting a thread limit
 
 # No user-serviceable parts below this line
 
-version = "2.1"
+version = "2.9"
+
+import argparse
+import logging
+import logging.handlers
+import json
+import os
+try:  # Python 3
+    import queue
+except ImportError:  # Python 2
+    import Queue as queue
+import random
+import re
+import select
+import signal
+import socket
+try:  # Python 3
+    import socketserver
+except ImportError:  # Python 2
+    import SocketServer as socketserver
+import ssl
+import sys
+import threading
+import time
+import traceback
+try:  # Python 3
+    import urllib.parse as urllib_parse
+except ImportError:  # Python 2
+    import urlparse as urllib_parse
+
+
+LOG = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+LOG.setLevel(logging.ERROR)
+LOG_LEVELS = ['critical', 'error', 'warning', 'info', 'debug']
+
+try:  # Python 2
+    UNICODE_TYPE = unicode
+except NameError:  # Python 3
+    UNICODE_TYPE = str
 
-import sys, getopt, urlparse, time, random, socket, signal, re
-import threading, Queue, SocketServer, select
-try:
-    import simplejson as json  # Faster, also makes us Python-2.4-compatible
-except ImportError:
-    import json
 
 # Sketch of implementation:
 #
@@ -85,7 +114,7 @@ except ImportError:
 # same problem - there is little point in reliable delivery to a relay
 # that is down or unreliable.
 #
-# This code uses only NICK, JOIN, PART, MODE, PRIVMSG, USER, and QUIT. 
+# This code uses only NICK, JOIN, PART, MODE, PRIVMSG, USER, and QUIT.
 # It is strictly compliant to RFC1459, except for the interpretation and
 # use of the DEAF and CHANLIMIT and (obsolete) MAXCHANNELS features.
 #
@@ -104,15 +133,20 @@ class IRCError(Exception):
     "An IRC exception"
     pass
 
+
+class InvalidRequest(ValueError):
+    "An invalid JSON request"
+    pass
+
+
 class IRCClient():
     "An IRC client session to one or more servers."
-    def __init__(self, debuglevel):
+    def __init__(self):
         self.mutex = threading.RLock()
         self.server_connections = []
         self.event_handlers = {}
         self.add_event_handler("ping",
                                lambda c, e: c.ship("PONG %s" % e.target))
-        self.debuglevel = debuglevel
 
     def newserver(self):
         "Initialize a new server-connection object."
@@ -127,6 +161,7 @@ class IRCClient():
         # Otherwise no other thread would ever be able to change
         # the shared state of an IRC object running this function.
         while True:
+            nextsleep = 0
             with self.mutex:
                 connected = [x for x in self.server_connections
                              if x is not None and x.socket is not None]
@@ -136,9 +171,9 @@ class IRCClient():
                     (insocks, _o, _e) = select.select(sockets, [], [], timeout)
                     for s in insocks:
                         connmap[s.fileno()].consume()
-
                 else:
-                    time.sleep(timeout)
+                    nextsleep = timeout
+            time.sleep(nextsleep)
 
     def add_event_handler(self, event, handler):
         "Set a handler to be called later."
@@ -157,24 +192,20 @@ class IRCClient():
         with self.mutex:
             self.server_connections.remove(connection)
 
-    def debug(self, level, errmsg):
-        "Debugging information."
-        if self.debuglevel >= level:
-            sys.stderr.write("irkerd: %s\n" % errmsg)
 
 class LineBufferedStream():
     "Line-buffer a read stream."
-    crlf_re = re.compile(b'\r?\n')
+    _crlf_re = re.compile(b'\r?\n')
 
     def __init__(self):
-        self.buffer = ''
+        self.buffer = b''
 
     def append(self, newbytes):
         self.buffer += newbytes
 
     def lines(self):
         "Iterate over lines in the buffer."
-        lines = LineBufferedStream.crlf_re.split(self.buffer)
+        lines = self._crlf_re.split(self.buffer)
         self.buffer = lines.pop()
         return iter(lines)
 
@@ -202,34 +233,68 @@ class IRCServerConnection():
         self.master = master
         self.socket = None
 
-    def connect(self, server, port, nickname,
-                password=None, username=None, ircname=None):
-        self.master.debug(2, "connect(server=%r, port=%r, nickname=%r, ...)" %
-                          (server, port, nickname))
+    def _wrap_socket(self, socket, target, certfile=None, cafile=None,
+                     protocol=ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1):
+        try:  # Python 3.2 and greater
+            ssl_context = ssl.SSLContext(protocol)
+        except AttributeError:  # Python < 3.2
+            self.socket = ssl.wrap_socket(
+                socket, certfile=certfile, cert_reqs=ssl.CERT_REQUIRED,
+                ssl_version=protocol, ca_certs=cafile)
+        else:
+            ssl_context.verify_mode = ssl.CERT_REQUIRED
+            if cafile:
+                ssl_context.load_verify_locations(cafile=cafile)
+            else:
+                ssl_context.set_default_verify_paths()
+            kwargs = {}
+            if ssl.HAS_SNI:
+                kwargs['server_hostname'] = target.servername
+            self.socket = ssl_context.wrap_socket(socket, **kwargs)
+        return self.socket
+
+    def _check_hostname(self, target):
+        if hasattr(ssl, 'match_hostname'):  # Python >= 3.2
+            cert = self.socket.getpeercert()
+            try:
+                ssl.match_hostname(cert, target.servername)
+            except ssl.CertificateError as e:
+                raise IRCServerConnectionError(
+                    'Invalid SSL/TLS certificate: %s' % e)
+        else:  # Python < 3.2
+            LOG.warning(
+                'cannot check SSL/TLS hostname with Python %s' % sys.version)
+
+    def connect(self, target, nickname, username=None, realname=None,
+                **kwargs):
+        LOG.debug("connect(server=%r, port=%r, nickname=%r, ...)" % (
+            target.servername, target.port, nickname))
         if self.socket is not None:
             self.disconnect("Changing servers")
 
         self.buffer = LineBufferedStream()
         self.event_handlers = {}
         self.real_server_name = ""
-        self.server = server
-        self.port = port
-        self.server_address = (server, port)
+        self.target = target
         self.nickname = nickname
-        self.username = username or nickname
-        self.ircname = ircname or nickname
-        self.password = password
         try:
             self.socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
+            if target.ssl:
+                self.socket = self._wrap_socket(
+                    socket=self.socket, target=target, **kwargs)
             self.socket.bind(('', 0))
-            self.socket.connect(self.server_address)
+            self.socket.connect((target.servername, target.port))
         except socket.error as err:
             raise IRCServerConnectionError("Couldn't connect to socket: %s" % err)
 
-        if self.password:
-            self.ship("PASS " + self.password)
+        if target.ssl:
+            self._check_hostname(target=target)
+        if target.password:
+            self.ship("PASS " + target.password)
         self.nick(self.nickname)
-        self.user(self.username, self.ircname)
+        self.user(
+            username=target.username or username or 'irker',
+            realname=realname or 'irker relaying client')
         return self
 
     def close(self):
@@ -254,7 +319,9 @@ class IRCServerConnection():
         self.buffer.append(incoming)
 
         for line in self.buffer:
-            self.master.debug(2, "FROM: %s" % line)
+            if not isinstance(line, UNICODE_TYPE):
+                line = UNICODE_TYPE(line, 'utf-8')
+            LOG.debug("FROM: %s" % line)
 
             if not line:
                 continue
@@ -294,8 +361,8 @@ class IRCServerConnection():
                     target = arguments[0]
                     arguments = arguments[1:]
 
-            self.master.debug(2,
-                              "command: %s, source: %s, target: %s, arguments: %s" % (command, prefix, target, arguments))
+            LOG.debug("command: %s, source: %s, target: %s, arguments: %s" % (
+                command, prefix, target, arguments))
             self.handle_event(Event(command, prefix, target, arguments))
 
     def handle_event(self, event):
@@ -318,7 +385,8 @@ class IRCServerConnection():
             pass
         del self.socket
         self.socket = None
-        self.handle_event(Event("disconnect", self.server, "", [message]))
+        self.handle_event(
+            Event("disconnect", self.target.server, "", [message]))
 
     def join(self, channel, key=""):
         self.ship("JOIN %s%s" % (channel, (key and (" " + key))))
@@ -339,7 +407,6 @@ class IRCServerConnection():
         self.ship("PRIVMSG %s :%s" % (target, text))
 
     def quit(self, message=""):
-        # Triggers an error that forces a disconnect.
         self.ship("QUIT" + (message and (" :" + message)))
 
     def user(self, username, realname):
@@ -349,7 +416,7 @@ class IRCServerConnection():
         "Ship a command to the server, appending CR/LF"
         try:
             self.socket.send(string.encode('utf-8') + b'\r\n')
-            self.master.debug(2, "TO: %s" % string)
+            LOG.debug("TO: %s" % string)
         except socket.error:
             self.disconnect("Connection reset by peer.")
 
@@ -366,10 +433,14 @@ def is_channel(string):
     return string and string[0] in "#&+!"
 
 class Connection:
-    def __init__(self, irkerd, servername, port):
-        self.irker = irkerd
-        self.servername = servername
-        self.port = port
+    def __init__(self, irker, target, nick_template, nick_needs_number=False,
+                 password=None, **kwargs):
+        self.irker = irker
+        self.target = target
+        self.nick_template = nick_template
+        self.nick_needs_number = nick_needs_number
+        self.password = password
+        self.kwargs = kwargs
         self.nick_trial = None
         self.connection = None
         self.status = None
@@ -378,29 +449,29 @@ class Connection:
         self.channels_joined = {}
         self.channel_limits = {}
         # The consumer thread
-        self.queue = Queue.Queue()
+        self.queue = queue.Queue()
         self.thread = None
     def nickname(self, n=None):
         "Return a name for the nth server connection."
         if n is None:
             n = self.nick_trial
-        if fallback:
-            return (namestyle % n)
+        if self.nick_needs_number:
+            return self.nick_template % n
         else:
-            return namestyle
+            return self.nick_template
     def handle_ping(self):
         "Register the fact that the server has pinged this connection."
         self.last_ping = time.time()
     def handle_welcome(self):
         "The server says we're OK, with a non-conflicting nick."
         self.status = "ready"
-        self.irker.irc.debug(1, "nick %s accepted" % self.nickname())
-        if password:
-            self.connection.privmsg("nickserv", "identify %s" % password)
+        LOG.info("nick %s accepted" % self.nickname())
+        if self.password:
+            self.connection.privmsg("nickserv", "identify %s" % self.password)
     def handle_badnick(self):
         "The server says our nick is ill-formed or has a conflict."
-        self.irker.irc.debug(1, "nick %s rejected" % self.nickname())
-        if fallback:
+        LOG.info("nick %s rejected" % self.nickname())
+        if self.nick_needs_number:
             # Randomness prevents a malicious user or bot from
             # anticipating the next trial name in order to block us
             # from completing the handshake.
@@ -420,8 +491,8 @@ class Connection:
         try:
             del self.channels_joined[outof]
         except KeyError:
-            self.irker.logerr("kicked by %s from %s that's not joined"
-                              % (self.servername, outof))
+            LOG.error("kicked by %s from %s that's not joined" % (
+                self.target, outof))
         qcopy = []
         while not self.queue.empty():
             (channel, message, key) = self.queue.get()
@@ -430,7 +501,7 @@ class Connection:
         for (channel, message, key) in qcopy:
             self.queue.put((channel, message, key))
         self.status = "ready"
-    def enqueue(self, channel, message, key):
+    def enqueue(self, channel, message, key, quit_after=False):
         "Enque a message for transmission."
         if self.thread is None or not self.thread.is_alive():
             self.status = "unseen"
@@ -438,6 +509,8 @@ class Connection:
             self.thread.setDaemon(True)
             self.thread.start()
         self.queue.put((channel, message, key))
+        if quit_after:
+            self.queue.put((channel, None, key))
     def dequeue(self):
         "Try to ship pending messages from the queue."
         try:
@@ -460,7 +533,11 @@ class Connection:
                         self.status = "expired"
                         break
                     elif xmit_timeout or ping_timeout:
-                        self.irker.irc.debug(1, "timing out connection to %s at %s (ping_timeout=%s, xmit_timeout=%s)" % (self.servername, time.asctime(), ping_timeout, xmit_timeout))
+                        LOG.info((
+                            "timing out connection to %s at %s "
+                            "(ping_timeout=%s, xmit_timeout=%s)") % (
+                            self.target, time.asctime(), ping_timeout,
+                            xmit_timeout))
                         with self.irker.irc.mutex:
                             self.connection.context = None
                             self.connection.quit("transmission timeout")
@@ -491,17 +568,19 @@ class Connection:
                         try:
                             # This will throw
                             # IRCServerConnectionError on failure
-                            self.connection.connect(self.servername,
-                                                self.port,
-                                                nickname=self.nickname(),
-                                                username="irker",
-                                                ircname="irker relaying client")
+                            self.connection.connect(
+                                target=self.target,
+                                nickname=self.nickname(),
+                                **self.kwargs)
                             self.status = "handshaking"
-                            self.irker.irc.debug(1, "XMIT_TTL bump (%s connection) at %s" % (self.servername, time.asctime()))
+                            LOG.info("XMIT_TTL bump (%s connection) at %s" % (
+                                self.target, time.asctime()))
                             self.last_xmit = time.time()
                             self.last_ping = time.time()
-                        except IRCServerConnectionError:
+                        except IRCServerConnectionError as e:
+                            LOG.error(e)
                             self.status = "expired"
+                            break
                 elif self.status == "handshaking":
                     if time.time() > self.last_xmit + HANDSHAKE_TTL:
                         self.status = "expired"
@@ -523,11 +602,14 @@ class Connection:
                     (channel, message, key) = self.queue.get()
                     if channel not in self.channels_joined:
                         self.connection.join(channel, key=key)
-                        self.irker.irc.debug(1, "joining %s on %s." % (channel, self.servername))
+                        LOG.info("joining %s on %s." % (channel, self.target))
+                    # None is magic - it's a request to quit the server
+                    if message is None:
+                        self.connection.quit()
                     # An empty message might be used as a keepalive or
                     # to join a channel for logging, so suppress the
                     # privmsg send unless there is actual traffic.
-                    if message:
+                    elif message:
                         for segment in message.split("\n"):
                             # Truncate the message if it's too long,
                             # but we're working with characters here,
@@ -539,23 +621,25 @@ class Connection:
                             try:
                                 self.connection.privmsg(channel, segment)
                             except ValueError as err:
-                                self.irker.irc.debug(1, "irclib rejected a message to %s on %s because: %s" % (channel, self.servername, str(err)))
+                                LOG.warning((
+                                    "irclib rejected a message to %s on %s "
+                                    "because: %s") % (
+                                    channel, self.target, UNICODE_TYPE(err)))
+                                LOG.debug(traceback.format_exc())
                             time.sleep(ANTI_FLOOD_DELAY)
                     self.last_xmit = self.channels_joined[channel] = time.time()
-                    self.irker.irc.debug(1, "XMIT_TTL bump (%s transmission) at %s" % (self.servername, time.asctime()))
+                    LOG.info("XMIT_TTL bump (%s transmission) at %s" % (
+                        self.target, time.asctime()))
                     self.queue.task_done()
-        except:
-            (exc_type, _exc_value, exc_traceback) = sys.exc_info()
-            self.irker.logerr("exception %s in thread for %s" % \
-                              (exc_type, self.servername))
-
+                elif self.status == "expired":
+                    LOG.error(
+                        "We're expired but still running! This is a bug.")
+                    break
+        except Exception as e:
+            LOG.error("exception %s in thread for %s" % (e, self.target))
             # Maybe this should have its own status?
             self.status = "expired"
-
-            # This is so we can see tracebacks for errors inside the thread
-            # when we need to be able to for debugging purposes.
-            if debuglvl > 0:
-                raise exc_type, _exc_value, exc_traceback
+            LOG.debug(traceback.format_exc())
         finally:
             try:
                 # Make sure we don't leave any zombies behind
@@ -586,13 +670,17 @@ class Connection:
 class Target():
     "Represent a transmission target."
     def __init__(self, url):
-        # Pre-2.6 Pythons don't recognize irc: as a valid URL prefix.
-        url = url.replace("irc://", "http://")
-        parsed = urlparse.urlparse(url)
-        irchost, _, ircport = parsed.netloc.partition(':')
-        if not ircport:
-            ircport = 6667
-        self.servername = irchost
+        self.url = url
+        parsed = urllib_parse.urlparse(url)
+        self.ssl = parsed.scheme == 'ircs'
+        if self.ssl:
+            default_ircport = 6697
+        else:
+            default_ircport = 6667
+        self.username = parsed.username
+        self.password = parsed.password
+        self.servername = parsed.hostname
+        self.port = parsed.port or default_ircport
         # IRC channel names are case-insensitive.  If we don't smash
         # case here we may run into problems later. There was a bug
         # observed on irc.rizon.net where an irkerd user specified #Channel,
@@ -611,22 +699,30 @@ class Target():
         self.key = ""
         if parsed.query:
             self.key = re.sub("^key=", "", parsed.query)
-        self.port = int(ircport)
-    def valid(self):
-        "Both components must be present for a valid target."
-        return self.servername and self.channel
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        "Represent this instance as a string"
+        return self.servername or self.url or repr(self)
+
+    def validate(self):
+        "Raise InvalidRequest if the URL is missing a critical component"
+        if not self.servername:
+            raise InvalidRequest(
+                'target URL missing a servername: %r' % self.url)
+        if not self.channel:
+            raise InvalidRequest(
+                'target URL missing a channel: %r' % self.url)
     def server(self):
         "Return a hashable tuple representing the destination server."
         return (self.servername, self.port)
 
 class Dispatcher:
     "Manage connections to a particular server-port combination."
-    def __init__(self, irkerd, servername, port):
-        self.irker = irkerd
-        self.servername = servername
-        self.port = port
+    def __init__(self, irker, **kwargs):
+        self.irker = irker
+        self.kwargs = kwargs
         self.connections = []
-    def dispatch(self, channel, message, key):
+    def dispatch(self, channel, message, key, quit_after=False):
         "Dispatch messages for our server-port combination."
         # First, check if there is room for another channel
         # on any of our existing connections.
@@ -634,7 +730,7 @@ class Dispatcher:
         eligibles = [x for x in connections if x.joined_to(channel)] \
                     or [x for x in connections if x.accepting(channel)]
         if eligibles:
-            eligibles[0].enqueue(channel, message, key)
+            eligibles[0].enqueue(channel, message, key, quit_after)
             return
         # All connections are full up. Look for one old enough to be
         # scavenged.
@@ -644,32 +740,34 @@ class Dispatcher:
                 if age < time.time() - CHANNEL_TTL:
                     ancients.append((connection, chan, age))
         if ancients:
-            ancients.sort(key=lambda x: x[2]) 
+            ancients.sort(key=lambda x: x[2])
             (found_connection, drop_channel, _drop_age) = ancients[0]
             found_connection.part(drop_channel, "scavenged by irkerd")
             del found_connection.channels_joined[drop_channel]
             #time.sleep(ANTI_FLOOD_DELAY)
-            found_connection.enqueue(channel, message, key)
+            found_connection.enqueue(channel, message, key, quit_after)
             return
-        # Didn't find any channels with no recent activity
-        newconn = Connection(self.irker,
-                             self.servername,
-                             self.port)
+        # All existing channels had recent activity
+        newconn = Connection(self.irker, **self.kwargs)
         self.connections.append(newconn)
-        newconn.enqueue(channel, message, key)
+        newconn.enqueue(channel, message, key, quit_after)
     def live(self):
         "Does this server-port combination have any live connections?"
         self.connections = [x for x in self.connections if x.live()]
         return len(self.connections) > 0
+    def pending(self):
+        "Return all connections with pending traffic."
+        return [x for x in self.connections if not x.queue.empty()]
     def last_xmit(self):
         "Return the time of the most recent transmission."
         return max(x.last_xmit for x in self.connections)
 
 class Irker:
     "Persistent IRC multiplexer."
-    def __init__(self, debuglevel=0):
-        self.debuglevel = debuglevel
-        self.irc = IRCClient(self.debuglevel)
+    def __init__(self, logfile=None, **kwargs):
+        self.logfile = logfile
+        self.kwargs = kwargs
+        self.irc = IRCClient()
         self.irc.add_event_handler("ping", self._handle_ping)
         self.irc.add_event_handler("welcome", self._handle_welcome)
         self.irc.add_event_handler("erroneusnickname", self._handle_badnick)
@@ -680,14 +778,12 @@ class Irker:
         self.irc.add_event_handler("disconnect", self._handle_disconnect)
         self.irc.add_event_handler("kick", self._handle_kick)
         self.irc.add_event_handler("every_raw_message", self._handle_every_raw_message)
+        self.servers = {}
+    def thread_launch(self):
         thread = threading.Thread(target=self.irc.spin)
         thread.setDaemon(True)
         self.irc._thread = thread
         thread.start()
-        self.servers = {}
-    def logerr(self, errmsg):
-        "Log a processing error."
-        sys.stderr.write("irkerd: " + errmsg + "\n")
     def _handle_ping(self, connection, _event):
         "PING arrived, bump the last-received time for the connection."
         if connection.context:
@@ -707,14 +803,13 @@ class Irker:
             arguments = event.arguments
             for lump in arguments:
                 if lump.startswith("DEAF="):
-                    if not logfile:
+                    if not self.logfile:
                         connection.mode(cxt.nickname(), "+"+lump[5:])
                 elif lump.startswith("MAXCHANNELS="):
                     m = int(lump[12:])
                     for pref in "#&+":
                         cxt.channel_limits[pref] = m
-                    self.irc.debug(1, "%s maxchannels is %d"
-                               % (connection.server, m))
+                    LOG.info("%s maxchannels is %d" % (connection.target, m))
                 elif lump.startswith("CHANLIMIT=#:"):
                     limits = lump[10:].split(",")
                     try:
@@ -723,152 +818,216 @@ class Irker:
                             limit = int(limit)
                             for c in prefixes:
                                 cxt.channel_limits[c] = limit
-                        self.irc.debug(1, "%s channel limit map is %s"
-                                   % (connection.server, cxt.channel_limits))
+                        LOG.info("%s channel limit map is %s" % (
+                            connection.target, cxt.channel_limits))
                     except ValueError:
-                        self.logerr("ill-formed CHANLIMIT property")
+                        LOG.error("ill-formed CHANLIMIT property")
     def _handle_disconnect(self, connection, _event):
         "Server hung up the connection."
-        self.irc.debug(1, "server %s disconnected" % connection.server)
+        LOG.info("server %s disconnected" % connection.target)
         connection.close()
         if connection.context:
             connection.context.handle_disconnect()
     def _handle_kick(self, connection, event):
         "Server hung up the connection."
         target = event.target
-        self.irc.debug(1, "irker has been kicked from %s on %s" % (target, connection.server))
+        LOG.info("irker has been kicked from %s on %s" % (
+            target, connection.target))
         if connection.context:
             connection.context.handle_kick(target)
     def _handle_every_raw_message(self, _connection, event):
         "Log all messages when in watcher mode."
-        if logfile:
-            with open(logfile, "a") as logfp:
+        if self.logfile:
+            with open(self.logfile, "a") as logfp:
                 logfp.write("%03f|%s|%s\n" % \
                              (time.time(), event.source, event.arguments[0]))
-    def handle(self, line):
+    def pending(self):
+        "Do we have any pending message traffic?"
+        return [k for (k, v) in self.servers.items() if v.pending()]
+
+    def _parse_request(self, line):
+        "Request-parsing helper for the handle() method"
+        request = json.loads(line.strip())
+        if not isinstance(request, dict):
+            raise InvalidRequest(
+                "request is not a JSON dictionary: %r" % request)
+        if "to" not in request or "privmsg" not in request:
+            raise InvalidRequest(
+                "malformed request - 'to' or 'privmsg' missing: %r" % request)
+        channels = request['to']
+        message = request['privmsg']
+        if not isinstance(channels, (list, UNICODE_TYPE)):
+            raise InvalidRequest(
+                "malformed request - unexpected channel type: %r" % channels)
+        if not isinstance(message, UNICODE_TYPE):
+            raise InvalidRequest(
+                "malformed request - unexpected message type: %r" % message)
+        if not isinstance(channels, list):
+            channels = [channels]
+        targets = []
+        for url in channels:
+            try:
+                if not isinstance(url, UNICODE_TYPE):
+                    raise InvalidRequest(
+                        "malformed request - URL has unexpected type: %r" %
+                        url)
+                target = Target(url)
+                target.validate()
+            except InvalidRequest as e:
+                LOG.error(UNICODE_TYPE(e))
+            else:
+                targets.append(target)
+        return (targets, message)
+
+    def handle(self, line, quit_after=False):
         "Perform a JSON relay request."
         try:
-            request = json.loads(line.strip())
-            if not isinstance(request, dict):
-                self.logerr("request is not a JSON dictionary: %r" % request)
-            elif "to" not in request or "privmsg" not in request:
-                self.logerr("malformed request - 'to' or 'privmsg' missing: %r" % request)
-            else:
-                channels = request['to']
-                message = request['privmsg']
-                if not isinstance(channels, (list, basestring)):
-                    self.logerr("malformed request - unexpected channel type: %r" % channels)
-                if not isinstance(message, basestring):
-                    self.logerr("malformed request - unexpected message type: %r" % message)
-                else:
-                    if not isinstance(channels, list):
-                        channels = [channels]
-                    for url in channels:
-                        if not isinstance(url, basestring):
-                            self.logerr("malformed request - URL has unexpected type: %r" % url)
-                        else:
-                            target = Target(url)
-                            if not target.valid():
-                                return
-                            if target.server() not in self.servers:
-                                self.servers[target.server()] = Dispatcher(self, target.servername, target.port)
-                            self.servers[target.server()].dispatch(target.channel, message, target.key)
-                            # GC dispatchers with no active connections
-                            servernames = self.servers.keys()
-                            for servername in servernames:
-                                if not self.servers[servername].live():
-                                    del self.servers[servername]
-                            # If we might be pushing a resource limit
-                            # even after garbage collection, remove a
-                            # session.  The goal here is to head off
-                            # DoS attacks that aim at exhausting
-                            # thread space or file descriptors.  The
-                            # cost is that attempts to DoS this
-                            # service will cause lots of join/leave
-                            # spam as we scavenge old channels after
-                            # connecting to new ones. The particular
-                            # method used for selecting a session to
-                            # be terminated doesn't matter much; we
-                            # choose the one longest idle on the
-                            # assumption that message activity is likely
-                            # to be clumpy.
-                            if len(self.servers) >= CONNECTION_MAX:
-                                oldest = min(self.servers.keys(), key=lambda name: self.servers[name].last_xmit())
-                                del self.servers[oldest]
+            targets, message = self._parse_request(line=line)
+            for target in targets:
+                if target.server() not in self.servers:
+                    self.servers[target.server()] = Dispatcher(
+                        self, target=target, **self.kwargs)
+                self.servers[target.server()].dispatch(
+                    target.channel, message, target.key, quit_after=quit_after)
+                # GC dispatchers with no active connections
+                servernames = self.servers.keys()
+                for servername in servernames:
+                    if not self.servers[servername].live():
+                        del self.servers[servername]
+                    # If we might be pushing a resource limit even
+                    # after garbage collection, remove a session.  The
+                    # goal here is to head off DoS attacks that aim at
+                    # exhausting thread space or file descriptors.
+                    # The cost is that attempts to DoS this service
+                    # will cause lots of join/leave spam as we
+                    # scavenge old channels after connecting to new
+                    # ones. The particular method used for selecting a
+                    # session to be terminated doesn't matter much; we
+                    # choose the one longest idle on the assumption
+                    # that message activity is likely to be clumpy.
+                    if len(self.servers) >= CONNECTION_MAX:
+                        oldest = min(
+                            self.servers.keys(),
+                            key=lambda name: self.servers[name].last_xmit())
+                        del self.servers[oldest]
+        except InvalidRequest as e:
+            LOG.error(UNICODE_TYPE(e))
         except ValueError:
             self.logerr("can't recognize JSON on input: %r" % line)
         except RuntimeError:
             self.logerr("wildly malformed JSON blew the parser stack.")
 
-class IrkerTCPHandler(SocketServer.StreamRequestHandler):
+class IrkerTCPHandler(socketserver.StreamRequestHandler):
     def handle(self):
         while True:
             line = self.rfile.readline()
             if not line:
                 break
-            irker.handle(line.strip())
+            if not isinstance(line, UNICODE_TYPE):
+                line = UNICODE_TYPE(line, 'utf-8')
+            irker.handle(line=line.strip())
 
-class IrkerUDPHandler(SocketServer.BaseRequestHandler):
+class IrkerUDPHandler(socketserver.BaseRequestHandler):
     def handle(self):
-        data = self.request[0].strip()
+        line = self.request[0].strip()
         #socket = self.request[1]
-        irker.handle(data)
-
-def usage():
-    sys.stdout.write("""
-Usage:
-  irkerd [-d debuglevel] [-l logfile] [-n nick] [-p password] [-V] [-h]
-
-Options
-  -d    set debug level
-  -l    set logfile
-  -n    set nick-style
-  -p    set nickserv password
-  -V    return irkerd version
-  -h    print this help dialog
-""")
+        if not isinstance(line, UNICODE_TYPE):
+            line = UNICODE_TYPE(line, 'utf-8')
+        irker.handle(line=line.strip())
 
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    debuglvl = 0
-    namestyle = "irker%03d"
-    password = None
-    logfile = None
-    try:
-        (options, arguments) = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], "d:l:n:p:Vh")
-    except getopt.GetoptError as e:
-        sys.stderr.write("%s" % e)
-        usage()
-        sys.exit(1)
-    for (opt, val) in options:
-        if opt == '-d':                # Enable debug/progress messages
-            debuglvl = int(val)
-        elif opt == '-l':      # Logfile mode - report traffic read in
-            logfile = val
-        elif opt == '-n':      # Force the nick
-            namestyle = val
-        elif opt == '-p':      # Set a nickserv password
-            password = val
-        elif opt == '-V':      # Emit version and exit
-            sys.stdout.write("irkerd version %s\n" % version)
-            sys.exit(0)
-        elif opt == '-h':
-            usage()
-            sys.exit(0)
-    fallback = re.search("%.*d", namestyle)
-    irker = Irker(debuglevel=debuglvl)
-    irker.irc.debug(1, "irkerd version %s" % version)
+def in_background():
+    "Is this process running in background?"
     try:
-        tcpserver = SocketServer.TCPServer((HOST, PORT), IrkerTCPHandler)
-        udpserver = SocketServer.UDPServer((HOST, PORT), IrkerUDPHandler)
-        for server in [tcpserver, udpserver]:
-            server = threading.Thread(target=server.serve_forever)
-            server.setDaemon(True)
-            server.start()
-        try:
-            signal.pause()
-        except KeyboardInterrupt:
+        return os.getpgrp() != os.tcgetpgrp(1)
+    except OSError:
+        return True
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        description=__doc__.strip().splitlines()[0])
+    parser.add_argument(
+        '-c', '--ca-file', metavar='PATH',
+        help='file of trusted certificates for SSL/TLS')
+    parser.add_argument(
+        '-e', '--cert-file', metavar='PATH',
+        help='pem file used to authenticate to the server')
+    parser.add_argument(
+        '-d', '--log-level', metavar='LEVEL', choices=LOG_LEVELS,
+        help='how much to log to the log file (one of %(choices)s)')
+    parser.add_argument(
+        '-H', '--host', metavar='ADDRESS', default=HOST,
+        help='IP address to listen on')
+    parser.add_argument(
+        '-l', '--log-file', metavar='PATH',
+        help='file for saving captured message traffic')
+    parser.add_argument(
+        '-n', '--nick', metavar='NAME', default='irker%03d',
+        help="nickname (optionally with a '%%.*d' server connection marker)")
+    parser.add_argument(
+        '-p', '--password', metavar='PASSWORD',
+        help='NickServ password')
+    parser.add_argument(
+        '-i', '--immediate', metavar='IRC-URL',
+        help=(
+            'send a single message to IRC-URL and exit.  The message is the '
+            'first positional argument.'))
+    parser.add_argument(
+        '-V', '--version', action='version',
+        version='%(prog)s {0}'.format(version))
+    parser.add_argument(
+        'message', metavar='MESSAGE', nargs='?',
+        help='message for --immediate mode')
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    if not args.log_file and in_background():
+        handler = logging.handlers.SysLogHandler(address='/dev/log',
+                                                 facility='daemon')
+    else:
+        handler = logging.StreamHandler()
+
+    LOG.addHandler(handler)
+    if args.log_level:
+        log_level = getattr(logging, args.log_level.upper())
+        LOG.setLevel(log_level)
+
+    irker = Irker(
+        logfile=args.log_file,
+        nick_template=args.nick,
+        nick_needs_number=re.search('%.*d', args.nick),
+        password=args.password,
+        cafile=args.ca_file,
+        certfile=args.cert_file,
+        )
+    LOG.info("irkerd version %s" % version)
+    if args.immediate:
+        if not args.message:
+            LOG.error(
+                '--immediate set (%r), but message argument not given' % (
+                args.immediate))
+            raise SystemExit(1)
+        irker.irc.add_event_handler("quit", lambda _c, _e: sys.exit(0))
+        irker.handle('{"to":"%s","privmsg":"%s"}' % (
+            args.immediate, args.message), quit_after=True)
+        irker.irc.spin()
+    else:
+        if args.message:
+            LOG.error(
+                'message argument given (%r), but --immediate not set' % (
+                args.message))
             raise SystemExit(1)
-    except socket.error, e:
-        sys.stderr.write("irkerd: server launch failed: %r\n" % e)
+        irker.thread_launch()
+        try:
+            tcpserver = socketserver.TCPServer((args.host, PORT), IrkerTCPHandler)
+            udpserver = socketserver.UDPServer((args.host, PORT), IrkerUDPHandler)
+            for server in [tcpserver, udpserver]:
+                server = threading.Thread(target=server.serve_forever)
+                server.setDaemon(True)
+                server.start()
+            try:
+                signal.pause()
+            except KeyboardInterrupt:
+                raise SystemExit(1)
+        except socket.error as e:
+            LOG.error("server launch failed: %r\n" % e)
 
 # end