Added support for the new board by ITL called USBDUXsigma.
authorBernd Porr <berndporr@f2s.com>
Sat, 3 Sep 2011 12:48:31 +0000 (13:48 +0100)
committerIan Abbott <abbotti@mev.co.uk>
Mon, 26 Sep 2011 08:50:17 +0000 (09:50 +0100)
comedi/drivers/Kbuild
comedi/drivers/Makefile.am
comedi/drivers/usbduxsigma.c [new file with mode: 0644]

index 6fb1d07a0e31143d7d35fa3f15d0f7bdaf48bd12..190a1ed21ff4d32e721cc487e85288406ea3b774 100644 (file)
@@ -72,6 +72,7 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_COMEDI_PCMCIA_MODULES) += quatech_daqp_cs.o
 
 obj-$(CONFIG_COMEDI_USB_MODULES) += usbdux.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_COMEDI_USB_MODULES) += usbduxfast.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_COMEDI_USB_MODULES) += usbduxsigma.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_COMEDI_USB_MODULES) += dt9812.o
 
 obj-m += 8255.o
index 956c3bba7a45df8575711667707eb59dafae45fc..48391ef13910c80da553561532bb2e16e612f418 100644 (file)
@@ -163,6 +163,7 @@ if CONFIG_COMEDI_USB
 usb_modules= \
  usbdux.ko \
  usbduxfast.ko \
+ usbduxsigma.ko \
  dt9812.ko
 else
 usb_modules=
@@ -358,6 +359,7 @@ comedi_test_ko_SOURCES = comedi_test.c
 unioxx5_ko_SOURCES = unioxx5.c
 usbdux_ko_SOURCES = usbdux.c
 usbduxfast_ko_SOURCES = usbduxfast.c
+usbduxsigma_ko_SOURCES = usbduxsigma.c
 
 clean-modulePROGRAMS:
        -test -z "$(module_PROGRAMS)" || rm -f $(module_PROGRAMS)
diff --git a/comedi/drivers/usbduxsigma.c b/comedi/drivers/usbduxsigma.c
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..09339d0
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,2898 @@
+#define DRIVER_VERSION "v0.5"
+#define DRIVER_AUTHOR "Bernd Porr, BerndPorr@f2s.com"
+#define DRIVER_DESC "Stirling/ITL USB-DUX SIGMA -- Bernd.Porr@f2s.com"
+/*
+   comedi/drivers/usbdux.c
+   Copyright (C) 2011 Bernd Porr, Bernd.Porr@f2s.com
+
+   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+   (at your option) any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+   Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
+
+ */
+/*
+Driver: usbduxsigma
+Description: University of Stirling USB DAQ & INCITE Technology Limited
+Devices: [ITL] USB-DUX (usbduxsigma.o)
+Author: Bernd Porr <BerndPorr@f2s.com>
+Updated: 21 Jul 2011
+status: testing
+*/
+/*
+ * I must give credit here to Chris Baugher who
+ * wrote the driver for AT-MIO-16d. I used some parts of this
+ * driver. I also must give credits to David Brownell
+ * who supported me with the USB development.
+ *
+ * Note: the raw data from the A/D converter is 24 bit big endian
+ * anything else is little endian to/from the dux board
+ *
+ *
+ * Revision history:
+ *   0.1: inital version
+ *   0.2: all basic functions implemented, digital I/O only for one port
+ *   0.3: proper vendor ID and driver name
+ *   0.4: fixed D/A voltage range
+ *   0.5: various bug fixes, health check at startup
+ */
+
+/* generates loads of debug info */
+/* #define NOISY_DUX_DEBUGBUG */
+
+// #define dev_dbg(dev, format, arg...) printk(format , ## arg)
+
+
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/input.h>
+#include <linux/usb.h>
+#include <linux/fcntl.h>
+#include <linux/compiler.h>
+#include <linux/firmware.h>
+#include "comedi_fc.h"
+#include <linux/comedidev.h>
+#include <linux/usb.h>
+
+#define BOARDNAME "usbduxsigma"
+
+/* timeout for the USB-transfer in ms*/
+#define BULK_TIMEOUT 1000
+
+/* constants for "firmware" upload and download */
+#define USBDUXSUB_FIRMWARE 0xA0
+#define VENDOR_DIR_IN  0xC0
+#define VENDOR_DIR_OUT 0x40
+
+/* internal addresses of the 8051 processor */
+#define USBDUXSUB_CPUCS 0xE600
+
+/*
+ * the minor device number, major is 180 only for debugging purposes and to
+ * upload special firmware (programming the eeprom etc) which is not
+ * compatible with the comedi framwork
+ */
+#define USBDUXSUB_MINOR 32
+
+/* max lenghth of the transfer-buffer for software upload */
+#define TB_LEN 0x2000
+
+/* Input endpoint number: ISO/IRQ */
+#define ISOINEP           6
+
+/* Output endpoint number: ISO/IRQ */
+#define ISOOUTEP          2
+
+/* This EP sends DUX commands to USBDUX */
+#define COMMAND_OUT_EP     1
+
+/* This EP receives the DUX commands from USBDUX */
+#define COMMAND_IN_EP        8
+
+/* Output endpoint for PWM */
+#define PWM_EP         4
+
+/* 300Hz max frequ under PWM */
+#define MIN_PWM_PERIOD  ((long)(1E9/300))
+
+/* Default PWM frequency */
+#define PWM_DEFAULT_PERIOD ((long)(1E9/100))
+
+/* Number of channels (16 AD and offset)*/
+#define NUMCHANNELS 16
+
+/* Size of one A/D value */
+#define SIZEADIN          ((sizeof(int32_t)))
+
+/*
+ * Size of the async input-buffer IN BYTES, the DIO state is transmitted
+ * as the first byte.
+ */
+#define SIZEINBUF         (((NUMCHANNELS+1)*SIZEADIN))
+
+/* 16 bytes. */
+#define SIZEINSNBUF       16
+
+/* Number of DA channels */
+#define NUMOUTCHANNELS    8
+
+/* size of one value for the D/A converter: channel and value */
+#define SIZEDAOUT          ((sizeof(uint8_t)+sizeof(int16_t)))
+
+/*
+ * Size of the output-buffer in bytes
+ * Actually only the first 4 triplets are used but for the
+ * high speed mode we need to pad it to 8 (microframes).
+ */
+#define SIZEOUTBUF         ((8*SIZEDAOUT))
+
+/*
+ * Size of the buffer for the dux commands: just now max size is determined
+ * by the analogue out + command byte + panic bytes...
+ */
+#define SIZEOFDUXBUFFER    ((8*SIZEDAOUT+2))
+
+/* Number of in-URBs which receive the data: min=2 */
+#define NUMOFINBUFFERSFULL     5
+
+/* Number of out-URBs which send the data: min=2 */
+#define NUMOFOUTBUFFERSFULL    5
+
+/* Number of in-URBs which receive the data: min=5 */
+/* must have more buffers due to buggy USB ctr */
+#define NUMOFINBUFFERSHIGH     10
+
+/* Number of out-URBs which send the data: min=5 */
+/* must have more buffers due to buggy USB ctr */
+#define NUMOFOUTBUFFERSHIGH    10
+
+/* Total number of usbdux devices */
+#define NUMUSBDUX             16
+
+/* Analogue in subdevice */
+#define SUBDEV_AD             0
+
+/* Analogue out subdevice */
+#define SUBDEV_DA             1
+
+/* Digital I/O */
+#define SUBDEV_DIO            2
+
+/* timer aka pwm output */
+#define SUBDEV_PWM            3
+
+/* number of retries to get the right dux command */
+#define RETRIES 10
+
+
+/**************************************************/
+/* comedi constants */
+static const comedi_lrange range_usbdux_ai_range = { 1, {
+                                                               BIP_RANGE
+                                                               (2.65)
+                                                               }
+};
+
+static const comedi_lrange range_usbdux_ao_range = { 1, {
+                                                               UNI_RANGE
+                                                               (2.5),
+                                                              }
+};
+
+/*
+ * private structure of one subdevice
+ */
+
+/*
+ * This is the structure which holds all the data of
+ * this driver one sub device just now: A/D
+ */
+struct usbduxsub {
+       /* attached? */
+       int attached;
+       /* is it associated with a subdevice? */
+       int probed;
+       /* pointer to the usb-device */
+       struct usb_device *usbdev;
+       /* actual number of in-buffers */
+       int numOfInBuffers;
+       /* actual number of out-buffers */
+       int numOfOutBuffers;
+       /* ISO-transfer handling: buffers */
+       struct urb **urbIn;
+       struct urb **urbOut;
+       /* pwm-transfer handling */
+       struct urb *urbPwm;
+       /* PWM period */
+       unsigned int pwmPeriod;
+       /* PWM internal delay for the GPIF in the FX2 */
+       uint8_t pwmDelay;
+       /* size of the PWM buffer which holds the bit pattern */
+       int sizePwmBuf;
+       /* input buffer for the ISO-transfer */
+       int32_t *inBuffer;
+       /* input buffer for single insn */
+       int8_t *insnBuffer;
+       /* output buffer for single DA outputs */
+       int16_t *outBuffer;
+       /* interface number */
+       int ifnum;
+       /* interface structure in 2.6 */
+       struct usb_interface *interface;
+       /* comedi device for the interrupt context */
+       comedi_device *comedidev;
+       /* is it USB_SPEED_HIGH or not? */
+       short int high_speed;
+       /* asynchronous command is running */
+       short int ai_cmd_running;
+       short int ao_cmd_running;
+       /* pwm is running */
+       short int pwm_cmd_running;
+       /* continous aquisition */
+       short int ai_continous;
+       short int ao_continous;
+       /* number of samples to acquire */
+       int ai_sample_count;
+       int ao_sample_count;
+       /* time between samples in units of the timer */
+       unsigned int ai_timer;
+       unsigned int ao_timer;
+       /* counter between aquisitions */
+       unsigned int ai_counter;
+       unsigned int ao_counter;
+       /* interval in frames/uframes */
+       unsigned int ai_interval;
+       /* D/A commands */
+       uint8_t *dac_commands;
+       /* commands */
+       uint8_t *dux_commands;
+       struct mutex sem;
+};
+
+/*
+ * The pointer to the private usb-data of the driver is also the private data
+ * for the comedi-device.  This has to be global as the usb subsystem needs
+ * global variables. The other reason is that this structure must be there
+ * _before_ any comedi command is issued. The usb subsystem must be initialised
+ * before comedi can access it.
+ */
+static struct usbduxsub usbduxsub[NUMUSBDUX];
+
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(start_stop_sem);
+
+/*
+ * Stops the data acquision
+ * It should be safe to call this function from any context
+ */
+static int usbduxsub_unlink_InURBs(struct usbduxsub *usbduxsub_tmp)
+{
+       int i = 0;
+       int err = 0;
+
+       if (usbduxsub_tmp && usbduxsub_tmp->urbIn) {
+               for (i = 0; i < usbduxsub_tmp->numOfInBuffers; i++) {
+                       if (usbduxsub_tmp->urbIn[i]) {
+                               /* We wait here until all transfers have been
+                                * cancelled. */
+                               usb_kill_urb(usbduxsub_tmp->urbIn[i]);
+                       }
+                       dev_dbg(&usbduxsub_tmp->interface->dev,
+                               "comedi: usbdux: unlinked InURB %d, err=%d\n",
+                               i, err);
+               }
+       }
+       return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This will stop a running acquisition operation
+ * Is called from within this driver from both the
+ * interrupt context and from comedi
+ */
+static int usbdux_ai_stop(struct usbduxsub *this_usbduxsub, int do_unlink)
+{
+       int ret = 0;
+
+       if (!this_usbduxsub) {
+               pr_err("comedi?: usbdux_ai_stop: this_usbduxsub=NULL!\n");
+               return -EFAULT;
+       }
+       dev_dbg(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev, "comedi: usbdux_ai_stop\n");
+
+       if (do_unlink) {
+               /* stop aquistion */
+               ret = usbduxsub_unlink_InURBs(this_usbduxsub);
+       }
+
+       this_usbduxsub->ai_cmd_running = 0;
+
+       return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This will cancel a running acquisition operation.
+ * This is called by comedi but never from inside the driver.
+ */
+static int usbdux_ai_cancel(comedi_device *dev,
+                           comedi_subdevice *s)
+{
+       struct usbduxsub *this_usbduxsub;
+       int res = 0;
+
+       /* force unlink of all urbs */
+       this_usbduxsub = dev->private;
+       if (!this_usbduxsub)
+               return -EFAULT;
+
+       dev_dbg(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev, "comedi: usbdux_ai_cancel\n");
+
+       /* prevent other CPUs from submitting new commands just now */
+       mutex_lock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+       if (!(this_usbduxsub->probed)) {
+               mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+               return -ENODEV;
+       }
+       /* unlink only if the urb really has been submitted */
+       res = usbdux_ai_stop(this_usbduxsub, this_usbduxsub->ai_cmd_running);
+       mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+       return res;
+}
+
+/* analogue IN - interrupt service routine */
+static void usbduxsub_ai_IsocIrq(struct urb *urb)
+{
+       int i, err, n;
+       struct usbduxsub *this_usbduxsub;
+       comedi_device *this_comedidev;
+       comedi_subdevice *s;
+       int32_t v;
+       unsigned int dio_state;
+
+       /* the context variable points to the comedi device */
+       this_comedidev = urb->context;
+       /* the private structure of the subdevice is struct usbduxsub */
+       this_usbduxsub = this_comedidev->private;
+       /* subdevice which is the AD converter */
+       s = this_comedidev->subdevices + SUBDEV_AD;
+
+       /* first we test if something unusual has just happened */
+       switch (urb->status) {
+       case 0:
+               /* copy the result in the transfer buffer */
+               memcpy(this_usbduxsub->inBuffer,
+                      urb->transfer_buffer, SIZEINBUF);
+               break;
+       case -EILSEQ:
+               /* error in the ISOchronous data */
+               /* we don't copy the data into the transfer buffer */
+               /* and recycle the last data byte */
+               dev_dbg(&urb->dev->dev,
+                       "comedi%d: usbdux: CRC error in ISO IN stream.\n",
+                       this_usbduxsub->comedidev->minor);
+               break;
+
+       case -ECONNRESET:
+       case -ENOENT:
+       case -ESHUTDOWN:
+       case -ECONNABORTED:
+               /* happens after an unlink command */
+               if (this_usbduxsub->ai_cmd_running) {
+                       /* we are still running a command */
+                       /* tell this comedi */
+                       s->async->events |= COMEDI_CB_EOA;
+                       s->async->events |= COMEDI_CB_ERROR;
+                       comedi_event(this_usbduxsub->comedidev, s);
+                       /* stop the transfer w/o unlink */
+                       usbdux_ai_stop(this_usbduxsub, 0);
+               }
+               return;
+
+       default:
+               /* a real error on the bus */
+               /* pass error to comedi if we are really running a command */
+               if (this_usbduxsub->ai_cmd_running) {
+                       dev_err(&urb->dev->dev,
+                               "Non-zero urb status received in ai intr "
+                               "context: %d\n", urb->status);
+                       s->async->events |= COMEDI_CB_EOA;
+                       s->async->events |= COMEDI_CB_ERROR;
+                       comedi_event(this_usbduxsub->comedidev, s);
+                       /* don't do an unlink here */
+                       usbdux_ai_stop(this_usbduxsub, 0);
+               }
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * at this point we are reasonably sure that nothing dodgy has happened
+        * are we running a command?
+        */
+       if (unlikely((!(this_usbduxsub->ai_cmd_running)))) {
+               /*
+                * not running a command, do not continue execution if no
+                * asynchronous command is running in particular not resubmit
+                */
+               return;
+       }
+
+       urb->dev = this_usbduxsub->usbdev;
+
+       /* resubmit the urb */
+       err = usb_submit_urb(urb, GFP_ATOMIC);
+       if (unlikely(err < 0)) {
+               dev_err(&urb->dev->dev,
+                       "comedi_: urb resubmit failed in int-context!"
+                       "err=%d\n",
+                       err);
+               if (err == -EL2NSYNC)
+                       dev_err(&urb->dev->dev,
+                               "buggy USB host controller or bug in IRQ "
+                               "handler!\n");
+               s->async->events |= COMEDI_CB_EOA;
+               s->async->events |= COMEDI_CB_ERROR;
+               comedi_event(this_usbduxsub->comedidev, s);
+               /* don't do an unlink here */
+               usbdux_ai_stop(this_usbduxsub, 0);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /* get the state of the dio pins to allow external trigger */
+       dio_state = be32_to_cpu(this_usbduxsub->inBuffer[0]);
+
+       this_usbduxsub->ai_counter--;
+       if (likely(this_usbduxsub->ai_counter > 0))
+               return;
+
+       /* timer zero, transfer measurements to comedi */
+       this_usbduxsub->ai_counter = this_usbduxsub->ai_timer;
+
+       /* test, if we transmit only a fixed number of samples */
+       if (!(this_usbduxsub->ai_continous)) {
+               /* not continous, fixed number of samples */
+               this_usbduxsub->ai_sample_count--;
+               /* all samples received? */
+               if (this_usbduxsub->ai_sample_count < 0) {
+                       /* prevent a resubmit next time */
+                       usbdux_ai_stop(this_usbduxsub, 0);
+                       /* say comedi that the acquistion is over */
+                       s->async->events |= COMEDI_CB_EOA;
+                       comedi_event(this_usbduxsub->comedidev, s);
+                       return;
+               }
+       }
+       /* get the data from the USB bus and hand it over to comedi */
+       n = s->async->cmd.chanlist_len;
+       for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+               /* transfer data, note first byte is the DIO state */
+               v = be32_to_cpu(this_usbduxsub->inBuffer[i+1]);
+               /* strip status byte */
+               v = v & 0x00ffffff;
+               /* convert to unsigned */
+               v = v ^ 0x00800000;
+               /* write the byte to the buffer */
+               err = cfc_write_array_to_buffer(s, &v, sizeof(uint32_t));
+               if (unlikely(err == 0)) {
+                       /* buffer overflow */
+                       usbdux_ai_stop(this_usbduxsub, 0);
+                       return;
+               }
+       }
+       /* tell comedi that data is there */
+       s->async->events |= COMEDI_CB_BLOCK | COMEDI_CB_EOS;
+       comedi_event(this_usbduxsub->comedidev, s);
+}
+
+static int usbduxsub_unlink_OutURBs(struct usbduxsub *usbduxsub_tmp)
+{
+       int i = 0;
+       int err = 0;
+
+       if (usbduxsub_tmp && usbduxsub_tmp->urbOut) {
+               for (i = 0; i < usbduxsub_tmp->numOfOutBuffers; i++) {
+                       if (usbduxsub_tmp->urbOut[i])
+                               usb_kill_urb(usbduxsub_tmp->urbOut[i]);
+
+                       dev_dbg(&usbduxsub_tmp->interface->dev,
+                               "comedi: usbdux: unlinked OutURB %d: res=%d\n",
+                               i, err);
+               }
+       }
+       return err;
+}
+
+/* This will cancel a running acquisition operation
+ * in any context.
+ */
+static int usbdux_ao_stop(struct usbduxsub *this_usbduxsub, int do_unlink)
+{
+       int ret = 0;
+
+       if (!this_usbduxsub)
+               return -EFAULT;
+       dev_dbg(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev, "comedi: usbdux_ao_cancel\n");
+
+       if (do_unlink)
+               ret = usbduxsub_unlink_OutURBs(this_usbduxsub);
+
+       this_usbduxsub->ao_cmd_running = 0;
+
+       return ret;
+}
+
+/* force unlink, is called by comedi */
+static int usbdux_ao_cancel(comedi_device *dev,
+                           comedi_subdevice *s)
+{
+       struct usbduxsub *this_usbduxsub = dev->private;
+       int res = 0;
+
+       if (!this_usbduxsub)
+               return -EFAULT;
+
+       /* prevent other CPUs from submitting a command just now */
+       mutex_lock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+       if (!(this_usbduxsub->probed)) {
+               mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+               return -ENODEV;
+       }
+       /* unlink only if it is really running */
+       res = usbdux_ao_stop(this_usbduxsub, this_usbduxsub->ao_cmd_running);
+       mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+       return res;
+}
+
+static void usbduxsub_ao_IsocIrq(struct urb *urb)
+{
+       int i, ret;
+       uint8_t *datap;
+       struct usbduxsub *this_usbduxsub;
+       comedi_device *this_comedidev;
+       comedi_subdevice *s;
+
+       /* the context variable points to the subdevice */
+       this_comedidev = urb->context;
+       /* the private structure of the subdevice is struct usbduxsub */
+       this_usbduxsub = this_comedidev->private;
+
+       s = this_comedidev->subdevices + SUBDEV_DA;
+
+       switch (urb->status) {
+       case 0:
+               /* success */
+               break;
+
+       case -ECONNRESET:
+       case -ENOENT:
+       case -ESHUTDOWN:
+       case -ECONNABORTED:
+               /* after an unlink command, unplug, ... etc */
+               /* no unlink needed here. Already shutting down. */
+               if (this_usbduxsub->ao_cmd_running) {
+                       s->async->events |= COMEDI_CB_EOA;
+                       comedi_event(this_usbduxsub->comedidev, s);
+                       usbdux_ao_stop(this_usbduxsub, 0);
+               }
+               return;
+
+       default:
+               /* a real error */
+               if (this_usbduxsub->ao_cmd_running) {
+                       dev_err(&urb->dev->dev,
+                               "comedi_: Non-zero urb status received in ao "
+                               "intr context: %d\n", urb->status);
+                       s->async->events |= COMEDI_CB_ERROR;
+                       s->async->events |= COMEDI_CB_EOA;
+                       comedi_event(this_usbduxsub->comedidev, s);
+                       /* we do an unlink if we are in the high speed mode */
+                       usbdux_ao_stop(this_usbduxsub, 0);
+               }
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /* are we actually running? */
+       if (!(this_usbduxsub->ao_cmd_running))
+               return;
+
+       /* normal operation: executing a command in this subdevice */
+       this_usbduxsub->ao_counter--;
+       if ((int)this_usbduxsub->ao_counter <= 0) {
+               /* timer zero */
+               this_usbduxsub->ao_counter = this_usbduxsub->ao_timer;
+
+               /* handle non continous aquisition */
+               if (!(this_usbduxsub->ao_continous)) {
+                       /* fixed number of samples */
+                       this_usbduxsub->ao_sample_count--;
+                       if (this_usbduxsub->ao_sample_count < 0) {
+                               /* all samples transmitted */
+                               usbdux_ao_stop(this_usbduxsub, 0);
+                               s->async->events |= COMEDI_CB_EOA;
+                               comedi_event(this_usbduxsub->comedidev, s);
+                               /* no resubmit of the urb */
+                               return;
+                       }
+               }
+               /* transmit data to the USB bus */
+               ((uint8_t *) (urb->transfer_buffer))[0] =
+                   s->async->cmd.chanlist_len;
+               for (i = 0; i < s->async->cmd.chanlist_len; i++) {
+                       short temp;
+                       if (i >= NUMOUTCHANNELS)
+                               break;
+
+                       /* pointer to the DA */
+                       datap =
+                           (&(((uint8_t *) urb->transfer_buffer)[i * 2 + 1]));
+                       /* get the data from comedi */
+                       ret = comedi_buf_get(s->async, &temp);
+                       datap[0] = temp;
+                       datap[1] = this_usbduxsub->dac_commands[i];
+                       /* printk("data[0]=%x, data[1]=%x, data[2]=%x\n", */
+                       /* datap[0],datap[1],datap[2]); */
+                       if (ret < 0) {
+                               dev_err(&urb->dev->dev,
+                                       "comedi: buffer underflow\n");
+                               s->async->events |= COMEDI_CB_EOA;
+                               s->async->events |= COMEDI_CB_OVERFLOW;
+                       }
+                       /* transmit data to comedi */
+                       s->async->events |= COMEDI_CB_BLOCK;
+                       comedi_event(this_usbduxsub->comedidev, s);
+               }
+       }
+       urb->transfer_buffer_length = SIZEOUTBUF;
+       urb->dev = this_usbduxsub->usbdev;
+       urb->status = 0;
+       if (this_usbduxsub->ao_cmd_running) {
+               if (this_usbduxsub->high_speed) {
+                       /* uframes */
+                       urb->interval = 8;
+               } else {
+                       /* frames */
+                       urb->interval = 1;
+               }
+               urb->number_of_packets = 1;
+               urb->iso_frame_desc[0].offset = 0;
+               urb->iso_frame_desc[0].length = SIZEOUTBUF;
+               urb->iso_frame_desc[0].status = 0;
+               ret = usb_submit_urb(urb, GFP_ATOMIC);
+               if (ret < 0) {
+                       dev_err(&urb->dev->dev,
+                               "comedi_: ao urb resubm failed in int-cont. "
+                               "ret=%d", ret);
+                       if (ret == EL2NSYNC)
+                               dev_err(&urb->dev->dev,
+                                       "buggy USB host controller or bug in "
+                                       "IRQ handling!\n");
+
+                       s->async->events |= COMEDI_CB_EOA;
+                       s->async->events |= COMEDI_CB_ERROR;
+                       comedi_event(this_usbduxsub->comedidev, s);
+                       /* don't do an unlink here */
+                       usbdux_ao_stop(this_usbduxsub, 0);
+               }
+       }
+}
+
+static int usbduxsub_start(struct usbduxsub *usbduxsub)
+{
+       int errcode = 0;
+       uint8_t local_transfer_buffer[16];
+
+       /* 7f92 to zero */
+       local_transfer_buffer[0] = 0;
+       errcode = usb_control_msg(usbduxsub->usbdev,
+                                 /* create a pipe for a control transfer */
+                                 usb_sndctrlpipe(usbduxsub->usbdev, 0),
+                                 /* bRequest, "Firmware" */
+                                 USBDUXSUB_FIRMWARE,
+                                 /* bmRequestType */
+                                 VENDOR_DIR_OUT,
+                                 /* Value */
+                                 USBDUXSUB_CPUCS,
+                                 /* Index */
+                                 0x0000,
+                                 /* address of the transfer buffer */
+                                 local_transfer_buffer,
+                                 /* Length */
+                                 1,
+                                 /* Timeout */
+                                 BULK_TIMEOUT);
+       if (errcode < 0) {
+               dev_err(&usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                       "comedi_: control msg failed (start)\n");
+               return errcode;
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int usbduxsub_stop(struct usbduxsub *usbduxsub)
+{
+       int errcode = 0;
+
+       uint8_t local_transfer_buffer[16];
+
+       /* 7f92 to one */
+       local_transfer_buffer[0] = 1;
+       errcode = usb_control_msg(usbduxsub->usbdev,
+                                 usb_sndctrlpipe(usbduxsub->usbdev, 0),
+                                 /* bRequest, "Firmware" */
+                                 USBDUXSUB_FIRMWARE,
+                                 /* bmRequestType */
+                                 VENDOR_DIR_OUT,
+                                 /* Value */
+                                 USBDUXSUB_CPUCS,
+                                 /* Index */
+                                 0x0000, local_transfer_buffer,
+                                 /* Length */
+                                 1,
+                                 /* Timeout */
+                                 BULK_TIMEOUT);
+       if (errcode < 0) {
+               dev_err(&usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                       "comedi_: control msg failed (stop)\n");
+               return errcode;
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int usbduxsub_upload(struct usbduxsub *usbduxsub,
+                           uint8_t *local_transfer_buffer,
+                           unsigned int startAddr, unsigned int len)
+{
+       int errcode;
+
+       errcode = usb_control_msg(usbduxsub->usbdev,
+                                 usb_sndctrlpipe(usbduxsub->usbdev, 0),
+                                 /* brequest, firmware */
+                                 USBDUXSUB_FIRMWARE,
+                                 /* bmRequestType */
+                                 VENDOR_DIR_OUT,
+                                 /* value */
+                                 startAddr,
+                                 /* index */
+                                 0x0000,
+                                 /* our local safe buffer */
+                                 local_transfer_buffer,
+                                 /* length */
+                                 len,
+                                 /* timeout */
+                                 BULK_TIMEOUT);
+       dev_dbg(&usbduxsub->interface->dev, "comedi_: result=%d\n", errcode);
+       if (errcode < 0) {
+               dev_err(&usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                       "comedi_: upload failed\n");
+               return errcode;
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/* the FX2LP has twice as much as the standard FX2 */
+#define FIRMWARE_MAX_LEN 0x4000
+
+static int firmwareUpload(struct usbduxsub *usbduxsub,
+                         const u8 *firmwareBinary, int sizeFirmware)
+{
+       int ret;
+       uint8_t *fwBuf;
+
+       if (!firmwareBinary)
+               return 0;
+
+       if (sizeFirmware > FIRMWARE_MAX_LEN) {
+               dev_err(&usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                       "usbduxsigma firmware binary it too large for FX2.\n");
+               return -ENOMEM;
+       }
+
+       /* we generate a local buffer for the firmware */
+       fwBuf = kmemdup(firmwareBinary, sizeFirmware, GFP_KERNEL);
+       if (!fwBuf) {
+               dev_err(&usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                       "comedi_: mem alloc for firmware failed\n");
+               return -ENOMEM;
+       }
+
+       ret = usbduxsub_stop(usbduxsub);
+       if (ret < 0) {
+               dev_err(&usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                       "comedi_: can not stop firmware\n");
+               kfree(fwBuf);
+               return ret;
+       }
+
+       ret = usbduxsub_upload(usbduxsub, fwBuf, 0, sizeFirmware);
+       if (ret < 0) {
+               dev_err(&usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                       "comedi_: firmware upload failed\n");
+               kfree(fwBuf);
+               return ret;
+       }
+       ret = usbduxsub_start(usbduxsub);
+       if (ret < 0) {
+               dev_err(&usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                       "comedi_: can not start firmware\n");
+               kfree(fwBuf);
+               return ret;
+       }
+       kfree(fwBuf);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int usbduxsub_submit_InURBs(struct usbduxsub *usbduxsub)
+{
+       int i, errFlag;
+
+       if (!usbduxsub)
+               return -EFAULT;
+
+       /* Submit all URBs and start the transfer on the bus */
+       for (i = 0; i < usbduxsub->numOfInBuffers; i++) {
+               /* in case of a resubmission after an unlink... */
+               usbduxsub->urbIn[i]->interval = usbduxsub->ai_interval;
+               usbduxsub->urbIn[i]->context = usbduxsub->comedidev;
+               usbduxsub->urbIn[i]->dev = usbduxsub->usbdev;
+               usbduxsub->urbIn[i]->status = 0;
+               usbduxsub->urbIn[i]->transfer_flags = URB_ISO_ASAP;
+               dev_dbg(&usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                       "comedi%d: submitting in-urb[%d]: %p,%p intv=%d\n",
+                       usbduxsub->comedidev->minor, i,
+                       (usbduxsub->urbIn[i]->context),
+                       (usbduxsub->urbIn[i]->dev),
+                       (usbduxsub->urbIn[i]->interval));
+               errFlag = usb_submit_urb(usbduxsub->urbIn[i], GFP_ATOMIC);
+               if (errFlag) {
+                       dev_err(&usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                               "comedi_: ai: usb_submit_urb(%d) error %d\n",
+                               i, errFlag);
+                       return errFlag;
+               }
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int usbduxsub_submit_OutURBs(struct usbduxsub *usbduxsub)
+{
+       int i, errFlag;
+
+       if (!usbduxsub)
+               return -EFAULT;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < usbduxsub->numOfOutBuffers; i++) {
+               dev_dbg(&usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                       "comedi_: submitting out-urb[%d]\n", i);
+               /* in case of a resubmission after an unlink... */
+               usbduxsub->urbOut[i]->context = usbduxsub->comedidev;
+               usbduxsub->urbOut[i]->dev = usbduxsub->usbdev;
+               usbduxsub->urbOut[i]->status = 0;
+               usbduxsub->urbOut[i]->transfer_flags = URB_ISO_ASAP;
+               errFlag = usb_submit_urb(usbduxsub->urbOut[i], GFP_ATOMIC);
+               if (errFlag) {
+                       dev_err(&usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                               "comedi_: ao: usb_submit_urb(%d) error %d\n",
+                               i, errFlag);
+                       return errFlag;
+               }
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int chanToInterval(int nChannels)
+{
+       if (nChannels <= 2)
+               /* 4kHz */
+               return 2;
+       if (nChannels <= 8)
+               /* 2kHz */
+               return 4;
+       /* 1kHz */
+       return 8;
+}
+
+static int usbdux_ai_cmdtest(comedi_device *dev,
+                            comedi_subdevice *s,
+                            comedi_cmd *cmd)
+{
+       int err = 0, tmp, i;
+       unsigned int tmpTimer;
+       struct usbduxsub *this_usbduxsub = dev->private;
+
+       if (!(this_usbduxsub->probed))
+               return -ENODEV;
+
+       dev_dbg(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+               "comedi%d: usbdux_ai_cmdtest\n", dev->minor);
+
+       /* make sure triggers are valid */
+       /* Only immediate triggers are allowed */
+       tmp = cmd->start_src;
+       cmd->start_src &= TRIG_NOW | TRIG_INT;
+       if (!cmd->start_src || tmp != cmd->start_src)
+               err++;
+
+       /* trigger should happen timed */
+       tmp = cmd->scan_begin_src;
+       /* start a new _scan_ with a timer */
+       cmd->scan_begin_src &= TRIG_TIMER;
+       if (!cmd->scan_begin_src || tmp != cmd->scan_begin_src)
+               err++;
+
+       /* scanning is continous */
+       tmp = cmd->convert_src;
+       cmd->convert_src &= TRIG_NOW;
+       if (!cmd->convert_src || tmp != cmd->convert_src)
+               err++;
+
+       /* issue a trigger when scan is finished and start a new scan */
+       tmp = cmd->scan_end_src;
+       cmd->scan_end_src &= TRIG_COUNT;
+       if (!cmd->scan_end_src || tmp != cmd->scan_end_src)
+               err++;
+
+       /* trigger at the end of count events or not, stop condition or not */
+       tmp = cmd->stop_src;
+       cmd->stop_src &= TRIG_COUNT | TRIG_NONE;
+       if (!cmd->stop_src || tmp != cmd->stop_src)
+               err++;
+
+       if (err)
+               return 1;
+
+       /*
+        * step 2: make sure trigger sources are unique and mutually compatible
+        * note that mutual compatibility is not an issue here
+        */
+       if (cmd->scan_begin_src != TRIG_FOLLOW &&
+           cmd->scan_begin_src != TRIG_EXT &&
+           cmd->scan_begin_src != TRIG_TIMER)
+               err++;
+       if (cmd->stop_src != TRIG_COUNT && cmd->stop_src != TRIG_NONE)
+               err++;
+
+       if (err)
+               return 2;
+
+       /* step 3: make sure arguments are trivially compatible */
+       if (cmd->start_arg != 0) {
+               cmd->start_arg = 0;
+               err++;
+       }
+
+       if (cmd->scan_begin_src == TRIG_FOLLOW) {
+               /* internal trigger */
+               if (cmd->scan_begin_arg != 0) {
+                       cmd->scan_begin_arg = 0;
+                       err++;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (cmd->scan_begin_src == TRIG_TIMER) {
+               if (this_usbduxsub->high_speed) {
+                       /*
+                        * In high speed mode microframes are possible.
+                        * However, during one microframe we can roughly
+                        * sample two channels. Thus, the more channels
+                        * are in the channel list the more time we need.
+                        */
+                       i = chanToInterval(cmd->chanlist_len);
+                       if (cmd->scan_begin_arg < (1000000 / 8 * i)) {
+                               cmd->scan_begin_arg = 1000000 / 8 * i;
+                               err++;
+                       }
+                       /* now calc the real sampling rate with all the
+                        * rounding errors */
+                       tmpTimer =
+                           ((unsigned int)(cmd->scan_begin_arg / 125000)) *
+                           125000;
+                       if (cmd->scan_begin_arg != tmpTimer) {
+                               cmd->scan_begin_arg = tmpTimer;
+                               err++;
+                       }
+               } else {
+                       /* full speed */
+                       /* 1kHz scans every USB frame */
+                       if (cmd->scan_begin_arg < 1000000) {
+                               cmd->scan_begin_arg = 1000000;
+                               err++;
+                       }
+                       /*
+                        * calc the real sampling rate with the rounding errors
+                        */
+                       tmpTimer = ((unsigned int)(cmd->scan_begin_arg /
+                                                  1000000)) * 1000000;
+                       if (cmd->scan_begin_arg != tmpTimer) {
+                               cmd->scan_begin_arg = tmpTimer;
+                               err++;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+       /* the same argument */
+       if (cmd->scan_end_arg != cmd->chanlist_len) {
+               cmd->scan_end_arg = cmd->chanlist_len;
+               err++;
+       }
+
+       if (cmd->stop_src == TRIG_COUNT) {
+               /* any count is allowed */
+       } else {
+               /* TRIG_NONE */
+               if (cmd->stop_arg != 0) {
+                       cmd->stop_arg = 0;
+                       err++;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (err)
+               return 3;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * creates the ADC command for the MAX1271
+ * range is the range value from comedi
+ */
+static void create_adc_command(unsigned int chan,
+                              uint8_t *muxsg0,
+                              uint8_t *muxsg1)
+{
+       if (chan < 8)
+               (*muxsg0) = (*muxsg0) | (1 << chan);
+       else if (chan < 16)
+               (*muxsg1) = (*muxsg1) | (1 << (chan-8));
+}
+
+
+/* bulk transfers to usbdux */
+
+#define SENDADCOMMANDS            0
+#define SENDDACOMMANDS            1
+#define SENDDIOCONFIGCOMMAND      2
+#define SENDDIOBITSCOMMAND        3
+#define SENDSINGLEAD              4
+#define SENDPWMON                 7
+#define SENDPWMOFF                8
+
+static int send_dux_commands(struct usbduxsub *this_usbduxsub, int cmd_type)
+{
+       int result, nsent;
+
+       this_usbduxsub->dux_commands[0] = cmd_type;
+#ifdef NOISY_DUX_DEBUGBUG
+       printk(KERN_DEBUG "comedi%d: usbdux: dux_commands: ",
+              this_usbduxsub->comedidev->minor);
+       for (result = 0; result < SIZEOFDUXBUFFER; result++)
+               printk(" %02x", this_usbduxsub->dux_commands[result]);
+       printk("\n");
+#endif
+       result = usb_bulk_msg(this_usbduxsub->usbdev,
+                             usb_sndbulkpipe(this_usbduxsub->usbdev,
+                                             COMMAND_OUT_EP),
+                             this_usbduxsub->dux_commands, SIZEOFDUXBUFFER,
+                             &nsent, BULK_TIMEOUT);
+       if (result < 0)
+               dev_err(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev, "comedi%d: "
+                       "could not transmit dux_command to the usb-device, "
+                       "err=%d\n", this_usbduxsub->comedidev->minor, result);
+
+       return result;
+}
+
+static int receive_dux_commands(struct usbduxsub *this_usbduxsub, int command)
+{
+       int result = (-EFAULT);
+       int nrec;
+       int i;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < RETRIES; i++) {
+               result = usb_bulk_msg(this_usbduxsub->usbdev,
+                                     usb_rcvbulkpipe(this_usbduxsub->usbdev,
+                                                     COMMAND_IN_EP),
+                                     this_usbduxsub->insnBuffer, SIZEINSNBUF,
+                                     &nrec, BULK_TIMEOUT);
+               if (result < 0) {
+                       dev_err(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev, "comedi%d: "
+                               "insn: USB error %d "
+                               "while receiving DUX command"
+                               "\n", this_usbduxsub->comedidev->minor,
+                               result);
+                       return result;
+               }
+               if (this_usbduxsub->insnBuffer[0] == command)
+                       return result;
+       }
+       /* this is only reached if the data has been requested a couple of
+        * times */
+       dev_err(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev, "comedi%d: insn: "
+               "wrong data returned from firmware: want %d, got %d.\n",
+               this_usbduxsub->comedidev->minor, command,
+               this_usbduxsub->insnBuffer[0]);
+       return -EFAULT;
+}
+
+static int usbdux_ai_inttrig(comedi_device *dev,
+                            comedi_subdevice *s, unsigned int trignum)
+{
+       int ret;
+       struct usbduxsub *this_usbduxsub = dev->private;
+       if (!this_usbduxsub)
+               return -EFAULT;
+
+       mutex_lock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+       if (!(this_usbduxsub->probed)) {
+               mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+               return -ENODEV;
+       }
+       dev_dbg(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+               "comedi%d: usbdux_ai_inttrig\n", dev->minor);
+
+       if (trignum != 0) {
+               dev_err(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                       "comedi%d: usbdux_ai_inttrig: invalid trignum\n",
+                       dev->minor);
+               mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+               return -EINVAL;
+       }
+       if (!(this_usbduxsub->ai_cmd_running)) {
+               this_usbduxsub->ai_cmd_running = 1;
+               ret = usbduxsub_submit_InURBs(this_usbduxsub);
+               if (ret < 0) {
+                       dev_err(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                               "comedi%d: usbdux_ai_inttrig: "
+                               "urbSubmit: err=%d\n", dev->minor, ret);
+                       this_usbduxsub->ai_cmd_running = 0;
+                       mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+                       return ret;
+               }
+               s->async->inttrig = NULL;
+       } else {
+               dev_err(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                       "comedi%d: ai_inttrig but acqu is already running\n",
+                       dev->minor);
+       }
+       mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+       return 1;
+}
+
+static int usbdux_ai_cmd(comedi_device *dev, comedi_subdevice *s)
+{
+       comedi_cmd *cmd = &s->async->cmd;
+       unsigned int chan;
+       int i, ret;
+       struct usbduxsub *this_usbduxsub = dev->private;
+       int result;
+       uint8_t muxsg0 = 0;
+       uint8_t muxsg1 = 0;
+       uint8_t sysred = 0;
+
+       if (!this_usbduxsub)
+               return -EFAULT;
+
+       dev_dbg(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+               "comedi%d: usbdux_ai_cmd\n", dev->minor);
+
+       /* block other CPUs from starting an ai_cmd */
+       mutex_lock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+
+       if (!(this_usbduxsub->probed)) {
+               mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+               return -ENODEV;
+       }
+       if (this_usbduxsub->ai_cmd_running) {
+               dev_err(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev, "comedi%d: "
+                       "ai_cmd not possible. Another ai_cmd is running.\n",
+                       dev->minor);
+               mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+               return -EBUSY;
+       }
+       /* set current channel of the running aquisition to zero */
+       s->async->cur_chan = 0;
+
+       /* first the number of channels per time step */
+       this_usbduxsub->dux_commands[1] = cmd->chanlist_len;
+
+       /* CONFIG0 */
+       this_usbduxsub->dux_commands[2] = 0x12;
+
+       /* CONFIG1: 23kHz sampling rate, delay = 0us,  */
+       this_usbduxsub->dux_commands[3] = 0x03;
+
+       /* CONFIG3: differential channels off */
+       this_usbduxsub->dux_commands[4] = 0x00;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < cmd->chanlist_len; i++) {
+               chan = CR_CHAN(cmd->chanlist[i]);
+               create_adc_command(chan, &muxsg0, &muxsg1);
+               if (i >= NUMCHANNELS) {
+                       dev_err(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                               "comedi%d: channel list too long\n",
+                               dev->minor);
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+       this_usbduxsub->dux_commands[5] = muxsg0;
+       this_usbduxsub->dux_commands[6] = muxsg1;
+       this_usbduxsub->dux_commands[7] = sysred;
+
+       dev_dbg(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+               "comedi %d: sending commands to the usb device: size=%u\n",
+               dev->minor, NUMCHANNELS);
+
+       result = send_dux_commands(this_usbduxsub, SENDADCOMMANDS);
+       if (result < 0) {
+               mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+               return result;
+       }
+
+       if (this_usbduxsub->high_speed) {
+               /*
+                * every 2 channels get a time window of 125us. Thus, if we
+                * sample all 16 channels we need 1ms. If we sample only one
+                * channel we need only 125us
+                */
+               this_usbduxsub->ai_interval =
+                       chanToInterval(cmd->chanlist_len);
+               this_usbduxsub->ai_timer = cmd->scan_begin_arg / (125000 *
+                                                         (this_usbduxsub->
+                                                          ai_interval));
+       } else {
+               /* interval always 1ms */
+               this_usbduxsub->ai_interval = 1;
+               this_usbduxsub->ai_timer = cmd->scan_begin_arg / 1000000;
+       }
+       if (this_usbduxsub->ai_timer < 1) {
+               dev_err(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev, "comedi%d: ai_cmd: "
+                       "timer=%d, scan_begin_arg=%d. "
+                       "Not properly tested by cmdtest?\n", dev->minor,
+                       this_usbduxsub->ai_timer, cmd->scan_begin_arg);
+               mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+               return -EINVAL;
+       }
+       this_usbduxsub->ai_counter = this_usbduxsub->ai_timer;
+
+       if (cmd->stop_src == TRIG_COUNT) {
+               /* data arrives as one packet */
+               this_usbduxsub->ai_sample_count = cmd->stop_arg;
+               this_usbduxsub->ai_continous = 0;
+       } else {
+               /* continous aquisition */
+               this_usbduxsub->ai_continous = 1;
+               this_usbduxsub->ai_sample_count = 0;
+       }
+
+       if (cmd->start_src == TRIG_NOW) {
+               /* enable this acquisition operation */
+               this_usbduxsub->ai_cmd_running = 1;
+               ret = usbduxsub_submit_InURBs(this_usbduxsub);
+               if (ret < 0) {
+                       this_usbduxsub->ai_cmd_running = 0;
+                       /* fixme: unlink here?? */
+                       mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+                       return ret;
+               }
+               s->async->inttrig = NULL;
+       } else {
+               /* TRIG_INT */
+               /* don't enable the acquision operation */
+               /* wait for an internal signal */
+               s->async->inttrig = usbdux_ai_inttrig;
+       }
+       mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/* Mode 0 is used to get a single conversion on demand */
+static int usbdux_ai_insn_read(comedi_device *dev,
+                              comedi_subdevice *s,
+                              comedi_insn *insn, unsigned int *data)
+{
+       int i;
+       int32_t one = 0;
+       int chan;
+       int err;
+       struct usbduxsub *this_usbduxsub = dev->private;
+       uint8_t muxsg0 = 0;
+       uint8_t muxsg1 = 0;
+       uint8_t sysred = 0;
+
+       if (!this_usbduxsub)
+               return 0;
+
+       dev_dbg(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+               "comedi%d: ai_insn_read, insn->n=%d, insn->subdev=%d\n",
+               dev->minor, insn->n, insn->subdev);
+
+       mutex_lock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+       if (!(this_usbduxsub->probed)) {
+               mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+               return -ENODEV;
+       }
+       if (this_usbduxsub->ai_cmd_running) {
+               dev_err(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                       "comedi%d: ai_insn_read not possible. "
+                       "Async Command is running.\n", dev->minor);
+               mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       /* sample one channel */
+       /* CONFIG0: chopper on */
+       this_usbduxsub->dux_commands[1] = 0x16;
+
+       /* CONFIG1: 2kHz sampling rate */
+       this_usbduxsub->dux_commands[2] = 0x80;
+
+       /* CONFIG3: differential channels off */
+       this_usbduxsub->dux_commands[3] = 0x00;
+
+       chan = CR_CHAN(insn->chanspec);
+       create_adc_command(chan, &muxsg0, &muxsg1);
+
+       this_usbduxsub->dux_commands[4] = muxsg0;
+       this_usbduxsub->dux_commands[5] = muxsg1;
+       this_usbduxsub->dux_commands[6] = sysred;
+
+       /* adc commands */
+       err = send_dux_commands(this_usbduxsub, SENDSINGLEAD);
+       if (err < 0) {
+               mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+               return err;
+       }
+
+       for (i = 0; i < insn->n; i++) {
+               err = receive_dux_commands(this_usbduxsub, SENDSINGLEAD);
+               if (err < 0) {
+                       mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+                       return 0;
+               }
+               /* 32 bits big endian from the A/D converter */
+               one = be32_to_cpu(*((int32_t *)
+                                   ((this_usbduxsub->insnBuffer)+1)));
+               /* mask out the staus byte */
+               one = one & 0x00ffffff;
+               /* turn it into an unsigned integer */
+               one = one ^ 0x00800000;
+               data[i] = one;
+       }
+       mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+       return i;
+}
+
+
+
+
+static int usbdux_getstatusinfo(comedi_device *dev, int chan)
+{
+       struct usbduxsub *this_usbduxsub = dev->private;
+       uint8_t sysred = 0;
+       uint32_t one;
+       int err;
+
+       if (!this_usbduxsub)
+               return 0;
+
+       if (this_usbduxsub->ai_cmd_running) {
+               dev_err(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                       "comedi%d: status read not possible. "
+                       "Async Command is running.\n", dev->minor);
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       /* CONFIG0 */
+       this_usbduxsub->dux_commands[1] = 0x12;
+
+       /* CONFIG1: 2kHz sampling rate */
+       this_usbduxsub->dux_commands[2] = 0x80;
+
+       /* CONFIG3: differential channels off */
+       this_usbduxsub->dux_commands[3] = 0x00;
+
+       if (chan == 1) {
+               /* ADC offset */
+               sysred = sysred | 1;
+       } else if (chan == 2) {
+               /* VCC */
+               sysred = sysred | 4;
+       } else if (chan == 3) {
+               /* temperature */
+               sysred = sysred | 8;
+       } else if (chan == 4) {
+               /* gain */
+               sysred = sysred | 16;
+       } else if (chan == 5) {
+               /* ref */
+               sysred = sysred | 32;
+       }
+
+       this_usbduxsub->dux_commands[4] = 0;
+       this_usbduxsub->dux_commands[5] = 0;
+       this_usbduxsub->dux_commands[6] = sysred;
+
+       /* adc commands */
+       err = send_dux_commands(this_usbduxsub, SENDSINGLEAD);
+       if (err < 0)
+               return err;
+
+       err = receive_dux_commands(this_usbduxsub, SENDSINGLEAD);
+       if (err < 0)
+               return err;
+
+       /* 32 bits big endian from the A/D converter */
+       one = be32_to_cpu(*((int32_t *)((this_usbduxsub->insnBuffer)+1)));
+       /* mask out the staus byte */
+       one = one & 0x00ffffff;
+       one = one ^ 0x00800000;
+
+       return (int)one;
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+/************************************/
+/* analog out */
+
+static int usbdux_ao_insn_read(comedi_device *dev,
+                              comedi_subdevice *s,
+                              comedi_insn *insn, unsigned int *data)
+{
+       int i;
+       int chan = CR_CHAN(insn->chanspec);
+       struct usbduxsub *this_usbduxsub = dev->private;
+
+       if (!this_usbduxsub)
+               return -EFAULT;
+
+       mutex_lock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+       if (!(this_usbduxsub->probed)) {
+               mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+               return -ENODEV;
+       }
+       for (i = 0; i < insn->n; i++)
+               data[i] = this_usbduxsub->outBuffer[chan];
+
+       mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+       return i;
+}
+
+static int usbdux_ao_insn_write(comedi_device *dev,
+                               comedi_subdevice *s,
+                               comedi_insn *insn, unsigned int *data)
+{
+       int i, err;
+       int chan = CR_CHAN(insn->chanspec);
+       struct usbduxsub *this_usbduxsub = dev->private;
+
+       if (!this_usbduxsub)
+               return -EFAULT;
+
+       dev_dbg(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+               "comedi%d: ao_insn_write\n", dev->minor);
+
+       mutex_lock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+       if (!(this_usbduxsub->probed)) {
+               mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+               return -ENODEV;
+       }
+       if (this_usbduxsub->ao_cmd_running) {
+               dev_err(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                       "comedi%d: ao_insn_write: "
+                       "ERROR: asynchronous ao_cmd is running\n", dev->minor);
+               mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       for (i = 0; i < insn->n; i++) {
+               dev_dbg(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                       "comedi%d: ao_insn_write: data[chan=%d,i=%d]=%d\n",
+                       dev->minor, chan, i, data[i]);
+
+               /* number of channels: 1 */
+               this_usbduxsub->dux_commands[1] = 1;
+               /* channel number */
+               this_usbduxsub->dux_commands[2] = data[i];
+               this_usbduxsub->outBuffer[chan] = data[i];
+               this_usbduxsub->dux_commands[3] = chan;
+               err = send_dux_commands(this_usbduxsub, SENDDACOMMANDS);
+               if (err < 0) {
+                       mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+                       return err;
+               }
+       }
+       mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+
+       return i;
+}
+
+static int usbdux_ao_inttrig(comedi_device *dev,
+                            comedi_subdevice *s, unsigned int trignum)
+{
+       int ret;
+       struct usbduxsub *this_usbduxsub = dev->private;
+
+       if (!this_usbduxsub)
+               return -EFAULT;
+
+       mutex_lock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+       if (!(this_usbduxsub->probed)) {
+               mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+               return -ENODEV;
+       }
+       if (trignum != 0) {
+               dev_err(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                       "comedi%d: usbdux_ao_inttrig: invalid trignum\n",
+                       dev->minor);
+               return -EINVAL;
+       }
+       if (!(this_usbduxsub->ao_cmd_running)) {
+               this_usbduxsub->ao_cmd_running = 1;
+               ret = usbduxsub_submit_OutURBs(this_usbduxsub);
+               if (ret < 0) {
+                       dev_err(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                               "comedi%d: usbdux_ao_inttrig: submitURB: "
+                               "err=%d\n", dev->minor, ret);
+                       this_usbduxsub->ao_cmd_running = 0;
+                       mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+                       return ret;
+               }
+               s->async->inttrig = NULL;
+       } else {
+               dev_err(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                       "comedi%d: ao_inttrig but acqu is already running.\n",
+                       dev->minor);
+       }
+       mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+       return 1;
+}
+
+static int usbdux_ao_cmdtest(comedi_device *dev,
+                            comedi_subdevice *s,
+                            comedi_cmd *cmd)
+{
+       int err = 0, tmp;
+       struct usbduxsub *this_usbduxsub = dev->private;
+
+       if (!this_usbduxsub)
+               return -EFAULT;
+
+       if (!(this_usbduxsub->probed))
+               return -ENODEV;
+
+       dev_dbg(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+               "comedi%d: usbdux_ao_cmdtest\n", dev->minor);
+
+       /* make sure triggers are valid */
+       /* Only immediate triggers are allowed */
+       tmp = cmd->start_src;
+       cmd->start_src &= TRIG_NOW | TRIG_INT;
+       if (!cmd->start_src || tmp != cmd->start_src)
+               err++;
+
+       /* trigger should happen timed */
+       tmp = cmd->scan_begin_src;
+       /* just now we scan also in the high speed mode every frame */
+       /* this is due to ehci driver limitations */
+       if (0) {                /* (this_usbduxsub->high_speed) */
+               /* start immidiately a new scan */
+               /* the sampling rate is set by the coversion rate */
+               cmd->scan_begin_src &= TRIG_FOLLOW;
+       } else {
+               /* start a new scan (output at once) with a timer */
+               cmd->scan_begin_src &= TRIG_TIMER;
+       }
+       if (!cmd->scan_begin_src || tmp != cmd->scan_begin_src)
+               err++;
+
+       /* scanning is continous */
+       tmp = cmd->convert_src;
+
+       /* all conversion events happen simultaneously */
+       cmd->convert_src &= TRIG_NOW;
+
+       if (!cmd->convert_src || tmp != cmd->convert_src)
+               err++;
+
+       /* issue a trigger when scan is finished and start a new scan */
+       tmp = cmd->scan_end_src;
+       cmd->scan_end_src &= TRIG_COUNT;
+       if (!cmd->scan_end_src || tmp != cmd->scan_end_src)
+               err++;
+
+       /* trigger at the end of count events or not, stop condition or not */
+       tmp = cmd->stop_src;
+       cmd->stop_src &= TRIG_COUNT | TRIG_NONE;
+       if (!cmd->stop_src || tmp != cmd->stop_src)
+               err++;
+
+       if (err)
+               return 1;
+
+       /*
+        * step 2: make sure trigger sources
+        * are unique and mutually compatible
+        * note that mutual compatibility is not an issue here
+        */
+       if (cmd->scan_begin_src != TRIG_FOLLOW &&
+           cmd->scan_begin_src != TRIG_EXT &&
+           cmd->scan_begin_src != TRIG_TIMER)
+               err++;
+       if (cmd->stop_src != TRIG_COUNT && cmd->stop_src != TRIG_NONE)
+               err++;
+
+       if (err)
+               return 2;
+
+       /* step 3: make sure arguments are trivially compatible */
+
+       if (cmd->start_arg != 0) {
+               cmd->start_arg = 0;
+               err++;
+       }
+
+       if (cmd->scan_begin_src == TRIG_FOLLOW) {
+               /* internal trigger */
+               if (cmd->scan_begin_arg != 0) {
+                       cmd->scan_begin_arg = 0;
+                       err++;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (cmd->scan_begin_src == TRIG_TIMER) {
+               /* timer */
+               if (cmd->scan_begin_arg < 1000000) {
+                       cmd->scan_begin_arg = 1000000;
+                       err++;
+               }
+       }
+       /* not used now, is for later use */
+       if (cmd->convert_src == TRIG_TIMER) {
+               if (cmd->convert_arg < 125000) {
+                       cmd->convert_arg = 125000;
+                       err++;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* the same argument */
+       if (cmd->scan_end_arg != cmd->chanlist_len) {
+               cmd->scan_end_arg = cmd->chanlist_len;
+               err++;
+       }
+
+       if (cmd->stop_src == TRIG_COUNT) {
+               /* any count is allowed */
+       } else {
+               /* TRIG_NONE */
+               if (cmd->stop_arg != 0) {
+                       cmd->stop_arg = 0;
+                       err++;
+               }
+       }
+
+       dev_dbg(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev, "comedi%d: err=%d, "
+               "scan_begin_src=%d, scan_begin_arg=%d, convert_src=%d, "
+               "convert_arg=%d\n", dev->minor, err, cmd->scan_begin_src,
+               cmd->scan_begin_arg, cmd->convert_src, cmd->convert_arg);
+
+       if (err)
+               return 3;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int usbdux_ao_cmd(comedi_device *dev, comedi_subdevice *s)
+{
+       comedi_cmd *cmd = &s->async->cmd;
+       unsigned int chan, gain;
+       int i, ret;
+       struct usbduxsub *this_usbduxsub = dev->private;
+
+       if (!this_usbduxsub)
+               return -EFAULT;
+
+       mutex_lock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+       if (!(this_usbduxsub->probed)) {
+               mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+               return -ENODEV;
+       }
+       dev_dbg(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+               "comedi%d: %s\n", dev->minor, __func__);
+
+       /* set current channel of the running aquisition to zero */
+       s->async->cur_chan = 0;
+       for (i = 0; i < cmd->chanlist_len; ++i) {
+               chan = CR_CHAN(cmd->chanlist[i]);
+               gain = CR_RANGE(cmd->chanlist[i]);
+               if (i >= NUMOUTCHANNELS) {
+                       dev_err(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                               "comedi%d: %s: channel list too long\n",
+                               dev->minor, __func__);
+                       break;
+               }
+               this_usbduxsub->dac_commands[i] = chan;
+               dev_dbg(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                       "comedi%d: dac command for ch %d is %x\n",
+                       dev->minor, i, this_usbduxsub->dac_commands[i]);
+       }
+
+       /* we count in steps of 1ms (125us) */
+       /* 125us mode not used yet */
+       if (0) {                /* (this_usbduxsub->high_speed) */
+               /* 125us */
+               /* timing of the conversion itself: every 125 us */
+               this_usbduxsub->ao_timer = cmd->convert_arg / 125000;
+       } else {
+               /* 1ms */
+               /* timing of the scan: we get all channels at once */
+               this_usbduxsub->ao_timer = cmd->scan_begin_arg / 1000000;
+               dev_dbg(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                       "comedi%d: scan_begin_src=%d, scan_begin_arg=%d, "
+                       "convert_src=%d, convert_arg=%d\n", dev->minor,
+                       cmd->scan_begin_src, cmd->scan_begin_arg,
+                       cmd->convert_src, cmd->convert_arg);
+               dev_dbg(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                       "comedi%d: ao_timer=%d (ms)\n",
+                       dev->minor, this_usbduxsub->ao_timer);
+               if (this_usbduxsub->ao_timer < 1) {
+                       dev_err(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                               "comedi%d: usbdux: ao_timer=%d, "
+                               "scan_begin_arg=%d. "
+                               "Not properly tested by cmdtest?\n",
+                               dev->minor, this_usbduxsub->ao_timer,
+                               cmd->scan_begin_arg);
+                       mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+                       return -EINVAL;
+               }
+       }
+       this_usbduxsub->ao_counter = this_usbduxsub->ao_timer;
+
+       if (cmd->stop_src == TRIG_COUNT) {
+               /* not continous */
+               /* counter */
+               /* high speed also scans everything at once */
+               if (0) {        /* (this_usbduxsub->high_speed) */
+                       this_usbduxsub->ao_sample_count =
+                           (cmd->stop_arg) * (cmd->scan_end_arg);
+               } else {
+                       /* there's no scan as the scan has been */
+                       /* perf inside the FX2 */
+                       /* data arrives as one packet */
+                       this_usbduxsub->ao_sample_count = cmd->stop_arg;
+               }
+               this_usbduxsub->ao_continous = 0;
+       } else {
+               /* continous aquisition */
+               this_usbduxsub->ao_continous = 1;
+               this_usbduxsub->ao_sample_count = 0;
+       }
+
+       if (cmd->start_src == TRIG_NOW) {
+               /* enable this acquisition operation */
+               this_usbduxsub->ao_cmd_running = 1;
+               ret = usbduxsub_submit_OutURBs(this_usbduxsub);
+               if (ret < 0) {
+                       this_usbduxsub->ao_cmd_running = 0;
+                       /* fixme: unlink here?? */
+                       mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+                       return ret;
+               }
+               s->async->inttrig = NULL;
+       } else {
+               /* TRIG_INT */
+               /* submit the urbs later */
+               /* wait for an internal signal */
+               s->async->inttrig = usbdux_ao_inttrig;
+       }
+
+       mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int usbdux_dio_insn_config(comedi_device *dev,
+                                 comedi_subdevice *s,
+                                 comedi_insn *insn, unsigned int *data)
+{
+       int chan = CR_CHAN(insn->chanspec);
+
+       /* The input or output configuration of each digital line is
+        * configured by a special insn_config instruction.  chanspec
+        * contains the channel to be changed, and data[0] contains the
+        * value COMEDI_INPUT or COMEDI_OUTPUT. */
+
+       switch (data[0]) {
+       case INSN_CONFIG_DIO_OUTPUT:
+               s->io_bits |= 1 << chan;        /* 1 means Out */
+               break;
+       case INSN_CONFIG_DIO_INPUT:
+               s->io_bits &= ~(1 << chan);
+               break;
+       case INSN_CONFIG_DIO_QUERY:
+               data[1] =
+                   (s->io_bits & (1 << chan)) ? COMEDI_OUTPUT : COMEDI_INPUT;
+               break;
+       default:
+               return -EINVAL;
+               break;
+       }
+       /* we don't tell the firmware here as it would take 8 frames */
+       /* to submit the information. We do it in the insn_bits. */
+       return insn->n;
+}
+
+static int usbdux_dio_insn_bits(comedi_device *dev,
+                               comedi_subdevice *s,
+                               comedi_insn *insn,
+                               unsigned int *data)
+{
+
+       struct usbduxsub *this_usbduxsub = dev->private;
+       int err;
+
+       if (!this_usbduxsub)
+               return -EFAULT;
+
+       if (insn->n != 2)
+               return -EINVAL;
+
+       mutex_lock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+
+       if (!(this_usbduxsub->probed)) {
+               mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+               return -ENODEV;
+       }
+
+       /* The insn data is a mask in data[0] and the new data
+        * in data[1], each channel cooresponding to a bit. */
+       s->state &= ~data[0];
+       s->state |= data[0] & data[1];
+       /* The commands are 8 bits wide */
+       this_usbduxsub->dux_commands[1] = (s->io_bits) & 0x000000FF;
+       this_usbduxsub->dux_commands[4] = (s->state) & 0x000000FF;
+       this_usbduxsub->dux_commands[2] = ((s->io_bits) & 0x0000FF00) >> 8;
+       this_usbduxsub->dux_commands[5] = ((s->state) & 0x0000FF00) >> 8;
+       this_usbduxsub->dux_commands[3] = ((s->io_bits) & 0x00FF0000) >> 16;
+       this_usbduxsub->dux_commands[6] = ((s->state) & 0x00FF0000) >> 16;
+
+       /* This command also tells the firmware to return */
+       /* the digital input lines */
+       err = send_dux_commands(this_usbduxsub, SENDDIOBITSCOMMAND);
+       if (err < 0) {
+               mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+               return err;
+       }
+       err = receive_dux_commands(this_usbduxsub, SENDDIOBITSCOMMAND);
+       if (err < 0) {
+               mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+               return err;
+       }
+
+       data[1] = (((unsigned int)(this_usbduxsub->insnBuffer[1]))&0xff) |
+               ((((unsigned int)(this_usbduxsub->insnBuffer[2]))&0xff) << 8) |
+               ((((unsigned int)(this_usbduxsub->insnBuffer[3]))&0xff) << 16);
+
+       s->state = data[1];
+
+       mutex_unlock(&this_usbduxsub->sem);
+       return 2;
+}
+
+/***********************************/
+/* PWM */
+
+static int usbduxsub_unlink_PwmURBs(struct usbduxsub *usbduxsub_tmp)
+{
+       int err = 0;
+
+       if (usbduxsub_tmp && usbduxsub_tmp->urbPwm) {
+               if (usbduxsub_tmp->urbPwm)
+                       usb_kill_urb(usbduxsub_tmp->urbPwm);
+               dev_dbg(&usbduxsub_tmp->interface->dev,
+                       "comedi: unlinked PwmURB: res=%d\n", err);
+       }
+       return err;
+}
+
+/* This cancels a running acquisition operation
+ * in any context.
+ */
+static int usbdux_pwm_stop(struct usbduxsub *this_usbduxsub, int do_unlink)
+{
+       int ret = 0;
+
+       if (!this_usbduxsub)
+               return -EFAULT;
+
+       dev_dbg(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev, "comedi: %s\n", __func__);
+       if (do_unlink)
+               ret = usbduxsub_unlink_PwmURBs(this_usbduxsub);
+
+       this_usbduxsub->pwm_cmd_running = 0;
+
+       return ret;
+}
+
+/* force unlink - is called by comedi */
+static int usbdux_pwm_cancel(comedi_device *dev,
+                            comedi_subdevice *s)
+{
+       struct usbduxsub *this_usbduxsub = dev->private;
+       int res = 0;
+
+       /* unlink only if it is really running */
+       res = usbdux_pwm_stop(this_usbduxsub, this_usbduxsub->pwm_cmd_running);
+
+       dev_dbg(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+               "comedi %d: sending pwm off command to the usb device.\n",
+               dev->minor);
+       res = send_dux_commands(this_usbduxsub, SENDPWMOFF);
+       if (res < 0)
+               return res;
+
+       return res;
+}
+
+static void usbduxsub_pwm_irq(struct urb *urb)
+{
+       int ret;
+       struct usbduxsub *this_usbduxsub;
+       comedi_device *this_comedidev;
+       comedi_subdevice *s;
+
+       /* printk(KERN_DEBUG "PWM: IRQ\n"); */
+
+       /* the context variable points to the subdevice */
+       this_comedidev = urb->context;
+       /* the private structure of the subdevice is struct usbduxsub */
+       this_usbduxsub = this_comedidev->private;
+
+       s = this_comedidev->subdevices + SUBDEV_DA;
+
+       switch (urb->status) {
+       case 0:
+               /* success */
+               break;
+
+       case -ECONNRESET:
+       case -ENOENT:
+       case -ESHUTDOWN:
+       case -ECONNABORTED:
+               /*
+                * after an unlink command, unplug, ... etc
+                * no unlink needed here. Already shutting down.
+                */
+               if (this_usbduxsub->pwm_cmd_running)
+                       usbdux_pwm_stop(this_usbduxsub, 0);
+
+               return;
+
+       default:
+               /* a real error */
+               if (this_usbduxsub->pwm_cmd_running) {
+                       dev_err(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                               "comedi_: Non-zero urb status received in "
+                               "pwm intr context: %d\n", urb->status);
+                       usbdux_pwm_stop(this_usbduxsub, 0);
+               }
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /* are we actually running? */
+       if (!(this_usbduxsub->pwm_cmd_running))
+               return;
+
+       urb->transfer_buffer_length = this_usbduxsub->sizePwmBuf;
+       urb->dev = this_usbduxsub->usbdev;
+       urb->status = 0;
+       if (this_usbduxsub->pwm_cmd_running) {
+               ret = usb_submit_urb(urb, GFP_ATOMIC);
+               if (ret < 0) {
+                       dev_err(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                               "comedi_: pwm urb resubm failed in int-cont. "
+                               "ret=%d", ret);
+                       if (ret == EL2NSYNC)
+                               dev_err(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                                       "buggy USB host controller or bug in "
+                                       "IRQ handling!\n");
+
+                       /* don't do an unlink here */
+                       usbdux_pwm_stop(this_usbduxsub, 0);
+               }
+       }
+}
+
+static int usbduxsub_submit_PwmURBs(struct usbduxsub *usbduxsub)
+{
+       int errFlag;
+
+       if (!usbduxsub)
+               return -EFAULT;
+
+       dev_dbg(&usbduxsub->interface->dev, "comedi_: submitting pwm-urb\n");
+
+       /* in case of a resubmission after an unlink... */
+       usb_fill_bulk_urb(usbduxsub->urbPwm,
+                         usbduxsub->usbdev,
+                         usb_sndbulkpipe(usbduxsub->usbdev, PWM_EP),
+                         usbduxsub->urbPwm->transfer_buffer,
+                         usbduxsub->sizePwmBuf, usbduxsub_pwm_irq,
+                         usbduxsub->comedidev);
+
+       errFlag = usb_submit_urb(usbduxsub->urbPwm, GFP_ATOMIC);
+       if (errFlag) {
+               dev_err(&usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                       "comedi_: usbduxsigma: pwm: usb_submit_urb error %d\n",
+                       errFlag);
+               return errFlag;
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int usbdux_pwm_period(comedi_device *dev,
+                            comedi_subdevice *s, unsigned int period)
+{
+       struct usbduxsub *this_usbduxsub = dev->private;
+       int fx2delay = 255;
+
+       if (period < MIN_PWM_PERIOD) {
+               dev_err(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                       "comedi%d: illegal period setting for pwm.\n",
+                       dev->minor);
+               return -EAGAIN;
+       } else {
+               fx2delay = period / ((int)(6 * 512 * (1.0 / 0.033))) - 6;
+               if (fx2delay > 255) {
+                       dev_err(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                               "comedi%d: period %d for pwm is too low.\n",
+                               dev->minor, period);
+                       return -EAGAIN;
+               }
+       }
+       this_usbduxsub->pwmDelay = fx2delay;
+       this_usbduxsub->pwmPeriod = period;
+       dev_dbg(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev, "%s: frequ=%d, period=%d\n",
+               __func__, period, fx2delay);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/* is called from insn so there's no need to do all the sanity checks */
+static int usbdux_pwm_start(comedi_device *dev,
+                           comedi_subdevice *s)
+{
+       int ret, i;
+       struct usbduxsub *this_usbduxsub = dev->private;
+
+       dev_dbg(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev, "comedi%d: %s\n",
+               dev->minor, __func__);
+
+       if (this_usbduxsub->pwm_cmd_running) {
+               /* already running */
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       this_usbduxsub->dux_commands[1] = ((uint8_t) this_usbduxsub->pwmDelay);
+       ret = send_dux_commands(this_usbduxsub, SENDPWMON);
+       if (ret < 0)
+               return ret;
+
+       /* initialise the buffer */
+       for (i = 0; i < this_usbduxsub->sizePwmBuf; i++)
+               ((char *)(this_usbduxsub->urbPwm->transfer_buffer))[i] = 0;
+
+       this_usbduxsub->pwm_cmd_running = 1;
+       ret = usbduxsub_submit_PwmURBs(this_usbduxsub);
+       if (ret < 0) {
+               this_usbduxsub->pwm_cmd_running = 0;
+               return ret;
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/* generates the bit pattern for PWM with the optional sign bit */
+static int usbdux_pwm_pattern(comedi_device *dev,
+                             comedi_subdevice *s, int channel,
+                             unsigned int value, unsigned int sign)
+{
+       struct usbduxsub *this_usbduxsub = dev->private;
+       int i, szbuf;
+       char *pBuf;
+       char pwm_mask;
+       char sgn_mask;
+       char c;
+
+       if (!this_usbduxsub)
+               return -EFAULT;
+
+       /* this is the DIO bit which carries the PWM data */
+       pwm_mask = (1 << channel);
+       /* this is the DIO bit which carries the optional direction bit */
+       sgn_mask = (16 << channel);
+       /* this is the buffer which will be filled with the with bit */
+       /* pattern for one period */
+       szbuf = this_usbduxsub->sizePwmBuf;
+       pBuf = (char *)(this_usbduxsub->urbPwm->transfer_buffer);
+       for (i = 0; i < szbuf; i++) {
+               c = *pBuf;
+               /* reset bits */
+               c = c & (~pwm_mask);
+               /* set the bit as long as the index is lower than the value */
+               if (i < value)
+                       c = c | pwm_mask;
+               /* set the optional sign bit for a relay */
+               if (!sign) {
+                       /* positive value */
+                       c = c & (~sgn_mask);
+               } else {
+                       /* negative value */
+                       c = c | sgn_mask;
+               }
+               *(pBuf++) = c;
+       }
+       return 1;
+}
+
+static int usbdux_pwm_write(comedi_device *dev,
+                           comedi_subdevice *s,
+                           comedi_insn *insn, unsigned int *data)
+{
+       struct usbduxsub *this_usbduxsub = dev->private;
+
+       if (!this_usbduxsub)
+               return -EFAULT;
+
+       if ((insn->n) != 1) {
+               /*
+                * doesn't make sense to have more than one value here because
+                * it would just overwrite the PWM buffer a couple of times
+                */
+               return -EINVAL;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * the sign is set via a special INSN only, this gives us 8 bits for
+        * normal operation
+        * relay sign 0 by default
+        */
+       return usbdux_pwm_pattern(dev, s, CR_CHAN(insn->chanspec), data[0], 0);
+}
+
+static int usbdux_pwm_read(comedi_device *x1,
+                          comedi_subdevice *x2, comedi_insn *x3,
+                          unsigned int *x4)
+{
+       /* not needed */
+       return -EINVAL;
+};
+
+/* switches on/off PWM */
+static int usbdux_pwm_config(comedi_device *dev,
+                            comedi_subdevice *s,
+                            comedi_insn *insn, unsigned int *data)
+{
+       struct usbduxsub *this_usbduxsub = dev->private;
+       switch (data[0]) {
+       case INSN_CONFIG_ARM:
+               /* switch it on */
+               dev_dbg(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                       "comedi%d: %s: pwm on\n", dev->minor, __func__);
+               /*
+                * if not zero the PWM is limited to a certain time which is
+                * not supported here
+                */
+               if (data[1] != 0)
+                       return -EINVAL;
+               return usbdux_pwm_start(dev, s);
+       case INSN_CONFIG_DISARM:
+               dev_dbg(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                       "comedi%d: %s: pwm off\n", dev->minor, __func__);
+               return usbdux_pwm_cancel(dev, s);
+       case INSN_CONFIG_GET_PWM_STATUS:
+               /*
+                * to check if the USB transmission has failed or in case PWM
+                * was limited to n cycles to check if it has terminated
+                */
+               data[1] = this_usbduxsub->pwm_cmd_running;
+               return 0;
+       case INSN_CONFIG_PWM_SET_PERIOD:
+               dev_dbg(&this_usbduxsub->interface->dev,
+                       "comedi%d: %s: setting period\n", dev->minor,
+                       __func__);
+               return usbdux_pwm_period(dev, s, data[1]);
+       case INSN_CONFIG_PWM_GET_PERIOD:
+               data[1] = this_usbduxsub->pwmPeriod;
+               return 0;
+       case INSN_CONFIG_PWM_SET_H_BRIDGE:
+               /* value in the first byte and the sign in the second for a
+                  relay */
+               return usbdux_pwm_pattern(dev, s,
+                                         /* the channel number */
+                                         CR_CHAN(insn->chanspec),
+                                         /* actual PWM data */
+                                         data[1],
+                                         /* just a sign */
+                                         (data[2] != 0));
+       case INSN_CONFIG_PWM_GET_H_BRIDGE:
+               /* values are not kept in this driver, nothing to return */
+               return -EINVAL;
+       }
+       return -EINVAL;
+}
+
+/* end of PWM */
+/*****************************************************************/
+
+static void tidy_up(struct usbduxsub *usbduxsub_tmp)
+{
+       int i;
+
+       if (!usbduxsub_tmp)
+               return;
+       dev_dbg(&usbduxsub_tmp->interface->dev, "comedi_: tiding up\n");
+
+       /* shows the usb subsystem that the driver is down */
+       if (usbduxsub_tmp->interface)
+               usb_set_intfdata(usbduxsub_tmp->interface, NULL);
+
+       usbduxsub_tmp->probed = 0;
+
+       if (usbduxsub_tmp->urbIn) {
+               if (usbduxsub_tmp->ai_cmd_running) {
+                       usbduxsub_tmp->ai_cmd_running = 0;
+                       usbduxsub_unlink_InURBs(usbduxsub_tmp);
+               }
+               for (i = 0; i < usbduxsub_tmp->numOfInBuffers; i++) {
+                       kfree(usbduxsub_tmp->urbIn[i]->transfer_buffer);
+                       usbduxsub_tmp->urbIn[i]->transfer_buffer = NULL;
+                       usb_kill_urb(usbduxsub_tmp->urbIn[i]);
+                       usb_free_urb(usbduxsub_tmp->urbIn[i]);
+                       usbduxsub_tmp->urbIn[i] = NULL;
+               }
+               kfree(usbduxsub_tmp->urbIn);
+               usbduxsub_tmp->urbIn = NULL;
+       }
+       if (usbduxsub_tmp->urbOut) {
+               if (usbduxsub_tmp->ao_cmd_running) {
+                       usbduxsub_tmp->ao_cmd_running = 0;
+                       usbduxsub_unlink_OutURBs(usbduxsub_tmp);
+               }
+               for (i = 0; i < usbduxsub_tmp->numOfOutBuffers; i++) {
+                       if (usbduxsub_tmp->urbOut[i]->transfer_buffer) {
+                               kfree(usbduxsub_tmp->
+                                     urbOut[i]->transfer_buffer);
+                               usbduxsub_tmp->urbOut[i]->transfer_buffer =
+                                   NULL;
+                       }
+                       if (usbduxsub_tmp->urbOut[i]) {
+                               usb_kill_urb(usbduxsub_tmp->urbOut[i]);
+                               usb_free_urb(usbduxsub_tmp->urbOut[i]);
+                               usbduxsub_tmp->urbOut[i] = NULL;
+                       }
+               }
+               kfree(usbduxsub_tmp->urbOut);
+               usbduxsub_tmp->urbOut = NULL;
+       }
+       if (usbduxsub_tmp->urbPwm) {
+               if (usbduxsub_tmp->pwm_cmd_running) {
+                       usbduxsub_tmp->pwm_cmd_running = 0;
+                       usbduxsub_unlink_PwmURBs(usbduxsub_tmp);
+               }
+               kfree(usbduxsub_tmp->urbPwm->transfer_buffer);
+               usbduxsub_tmp->urbPwm->transfer_buffer = NULL;
+               usb_kill_urb(usbduxsub_tmp->urbPwm);
+               usb_free_urb(usbduxsub_tmp->urbPwm);
+               usbduxsub_tmp->urbPwm = NULL;
+       }
+       kfree(usbduxsub_tmp->inBuffer);
+       usbduxsub_tmp->inBuffer = NULL;
+       kfree(usbduxsub_tmp->insnBuffer);
+       usbduxsub_tmp->insnBuffer = NULL;
+       kfree(usbduxsub_tmp->outBuffer);
+       usbduxsub_tmp->outBuffer = NULL;
+       kfree(usbduxsub_tmp->dac_commands);
+       usbduxsub_tmp->dac_commands = NULL;
+       kfree(usbduxsub_tmp->dux_commands);
+       usbduxsub_tmp->dux_commands = NULL;
+       usbduxsub_tmp->ai_cmd_running = 0;
+       usbduxsub_tmp->ao_cmd_running = 0;
+       usbduxsub_tmp->pwm_cmd_running = 0;
+}
+
+static void usbdux_firmware_request_complete_handler(const struct firmware *fw,
+                                                    void *context)
+{
+       struct usbduxsub *usbduxsub_tmp = context;
+       struct usb_device *usbdev = usbduxsub_tmp->usbdev;
+       int ret;
+
+       if (fw == NULL) {
+               dev_err(&usbdev->dev,
+                       "Firmware complete handler without firmware!\n");
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * we need to upload the firmware here because fw will be
+        * freed once we've left this function
+        */
+       ret = firmwareUpload(usbduxsub_tmp, fw->data, fw->size);
+
+       if (ret) {
+               dev_err(&usbdev->dev,
+                       "Could not upload firmware (err=%d)\n", ret);
+               goto out;
+       }
+       comedi_usb_auto_config(usbdev, BOARDNAME);
+out:
+       /*
+        * in more recent versions the completion handler
+        * had to release the firmware whereas in older
+        * versions this has been done by the caller
+        */
+#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE > KERNEL_VERSION(2,6,32)
+       release_firmware(fw);
+#else
+       while (0);
+#endif
+}
+
+/* allocate memory for the urbs and initialise them */
+static int usbduxsigma_probe(struct usb_interface *uinterf,
+                          const struct usb_device_id *id)
+{
+       struct usb_device *udev = interface_to_usbdev(uinterf);
+       struct device *dev = &uinterf->dev;
+       int i;
+       int index;
+       int ret;
+
+       dev_dbg(dev, "comedi_: usbdux_: "
+               "finding a free structure for the usb-device\n");
+
+       mutex_lock(&start_stop_sem);
+       /* look for a free place in the usbdux array */
+       index = -1;
+       for (i = 0; i < NUMUSBDUX; i++) {
+               if (!(usbduxsub[i].probed)) {
+                       index = i;
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* no more space */
+       if (index == -1) {
+               dev_err(dev, "Too many usbduxsigma-devices connected.\n");
+               mutex_unlock(&start_stop_sem);
+               return -EMFILE;
+       }
+       dev_dbg(dev, "comedi_: usbdux: "
+               "usbduxsub[%d] is ready to connect to comedi.\n", index);
+
+#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE > KERNEL_VERSION(2,6,33)
+       sema_init(&(usbduxsub[index].sem), 1);
+#else
+       mutex_init(&(usbduxsub[index].sem));
+#endif
+
+       /* save a pointer to the usb device */
+       usbduxsub[index].usbdev = udev;
+
+       /* save the interface itself */
+       usbduxsub[index].interface = uinterf;
+       /* get the interface number from the interface */
+       usbduxsub[index].ifnum = uinterf->altsetting->desc.bInterfaceNumber;
+       /* hand the private data over to the usb subsystem */
+       /* will be needed for disconnect */
+       usb_set_intfdata(uinterf, &(usbduxsub[index]));
+
+       dev_dbg(dev, "comedi_: usbdux: ifnum=%d\n", usbduxsub[index].ifnum);
+
+       /* test if it is high speed (USB 2.0) */
+       usbduxsub[index].high_speed =
+           (usbduxsub[index].usbdev->speed == USB_SPEED_HIGH);
+
+       /* create space for the commands of the DA converter */
+       usbduxsub[index].dac_commands = kzalloc(NUMOUTCHANNELS, GFP_KERNEL);
+       if (!usbduxsub[index].dac_commands) {
+               dev_err(dev, "comedi_: usbduxsigma: "
+                       "error alloc space for dac commands\n");
+               tidy_up(&(usbduxsub[index]));
+               mutex_unlock(&start_stop_sem);
+               return -ENOMEM;
+       }
+       /* create space for the commands going to the usb device */
+       usbduxsub[index].dux_commands = kzalloc(SIZEOFDUXBUFFER, GFP_KERNEL);
+       if (!usbduxsub[index].dux_commands) {
+               dev_err(dev, "comedi_: usbduxsigma: "
+                       "error alloc space for dux commands\n");
+               tidy_up(&(usbduxsub[index]));
+               mutex_unlock(&start_stop_sem);
+               return -ENOMEM;
+       }
+       /* create space for the in buffer and set it to zero */
+       usbduxsub[index].inBuffer = kzalloc(SIZEINBUF, GFP_KERNEL);
+       if (!(usbduxsub[index].inBuffer)) {
+               dev_err(dev, "comedi_: usbduxsigma: "
+                       "could not alloc space for inBuffer\n");
+               tidy_up(&(usbduxsub[index]));
+               mutex_unlock(&start_stop_sem);
+               return -ENOMEM;
+       }
+       /* create space of the instruction buffer */
+       usbduxsub[index].insnBuffer = kzalloc(SIZEINSNBUF, GFP_KERNEL);
+       if (!(usbduxsub[index].insnBuffer)) {
+               dev_err(dev, "comedi_: usbduxsigma: "
+                       "could not alloc space for insnBuffer\n");
+               tidy_up(&(usbduxsub[index]));
+               mutex_unlock(&start_stop_sem);
+               return -ENOMEM;
+       }
+       /* create space for the outbuffer */
+       usbduxsub[index].outBuffer = kzalloc(SIZEOUTBUF, GFP_KERNEL);
+       if (!(usbduxsub[index].outBuffer)) {
+               dev_err(dev, "comedi_: usbduxsigma: "
+                       "could not alloc space for outBuffer\n");
+               tidy_up(&(usbduxsub[index]));
+               mutex_unlock(&start_stop_sem);
+               return -ENOMEM;
+       }
+       /* setting to alternate setting 3: enabling iso ep and bulk ep. */
+       i = usb_set_interface(usbduxsub[index].usbdev,
+                             usbduxsub[index].ifnum, 3);
+       if (i < 0) {
+               dev_err(dev, "comedi_: usbduxsigma%d: "
+                       "could not set alternate setting 3 in high speed.\n",
+                       index);
+               tidy_up(&(usbduxsub[index]));
+               mutex_unlock(&start_stop_sem);
+               return -ENODEV;
+       }
+       if (usbduxsub[index].high_speed)
+               usbduxsub[index].numOfInBuffers = NUMOFINBUFFERSHIGH;
+       else
+               usbduxsub[index].numOfInBuffers = NUMOFINBUFFERSFULL;
+
+       usbduxsub[index].urbIn =
+           kzalloc(sizeof(struct urb *) * usbduxsub[index].numOfInBuffers,
+                   GFP_KERNEL);
+       if (!(usbduxsub[index].urbIn)) {
+               dev_err(dev, "comedi_: usbduxsigma: "
+                       "Could not alloc. urbIn array\n");
+               tidy_up(&(usbduxsub[index]));
+               mutex_unlock(&start_stop_sem);
+               return -ENOMEM;
+       }
+       for (i = 0; i < usbduxsub[index].numOfInBuffers; i++) {
+               /* one frame: 1ms */
+               usbduxsub[index].urbIn[i] = usb_alloc_urb(1, GFP_KERNEL);
+               if (usbduxsub[index].urbIn[i] == NULL) {
+                       dev_err(dev, "comedi_: usbduxsigma%d: "
+                               "Could not alloc. urb(%d)\n", index, i);
+                       tidy_up(&(usbduxsub[index]));
+                       mutex_unlock(&start_stop_sem);
+                       return -ENOMEM;
+               }
+               usbduxsub[index].urbIn[i]->dev = usbduxsub[index].usbdev;
+               /* will be filled later with a pointer to the comedi-device */
+               /* and ONLY then the urb should be submitted */
+               usbduxsub[index].urbIn[i]->context = NULL;
+               usbduxsub[index].urbIn[i]->pipe =
+                   usb_rcvisocpipe(usbduxsub[index].usbdev, ISOINEP);
+               usbduxsub[index].urbIn[i]->transfer_flags = URB_ISO_ASAP;
+               usbduxsub[index].urbIn[i]->transfer_buffer =
+                   kzalloc(SIZEINBUF, GFP_KERNEL);
+               if (!(usbduxsub[index].urbIn[i]->transfer_buffer)) {
+                       dev_err(dev, "comedi_: usbduxsigma%d: "
+                               "could not alloc. transb.\n", index);
+                       tidy_up(&(usbduxsub[index]));
+                       mutex_unlock(&start_stop_sem);
+                       return -ENOMEM;
+               }
+               usbduxsub[index].urbIn[i]->complete = usbduxsub_ai_IsocIrq;
+               usbduxsub[index].urbIn[i]->number_of_packets = 1;
+               usbduxsub[index].urbIn[i]->transfer_buffer_length = SIZEINBUF;
+               usbduxsub[index].urbIn[i]->iso_frame_desc[0].offset = 0;
+               usbduxsub[index].urbIn[i]->iso_frame_desc[0].length =
+                       SIZEINBUF;
+       }
+
+       /* out */
+       if (usbduxsub[index].high_speed)
+               usbduxsub[index].numOfOutBuffers = NUMOFOUTBUFFERSHIGH;
+       else
+               usbduxsub[index].numOfOutBuffers = NUMOFOUTBUFFERSFULL;
+
+       usbduxsub[index].urbOut =
+           kzalloc(sizeof(struct urb *) * usbduxsub[index].numOfOutBuffers,
+                   GFP_KERNEL);
+       if (!(usbduxsub[index].urbOut)) {
+               dev_err(dev, "comedi_: usbduxsigma: "
+                       "Could not alloc. urbOut array\n");
+               tidy_up(&(usbduxsub[index]));
+               mutex_unlock(&start_stop_sem);
+               return -ENOMEM;
+       }
+       for (i = 0; i < usbduxsub[index].numOfOutBuffers; i++) {
+               /* one frame: 1ms */
+               usbduxsub[index].urbOut[i] = usb_alloc_urb(1, GFP_KERNEL);
+               if (usbduxsub[index].urbOut[i] == NULL) {
+                       dev_err(dev, "comedi_: usbduxsigma%d: "
+                               "Could not alloc. urb(%d)\n", index, i);
+                       tidy_up(&(usbduxsub[index]));
+                       mutex_unlock(&start_stop_sem);
+                       return -ENOMEM;
+               }
+               usbduxsub[index].urbOut[i]->dev = usbduxsub[index].usbdev;
+               /* will be filled later with a pointer to the comedi-device */
+               /* and ONLY then the urb should be submitted */
+               usbduxsub[index].urbOut[i]->context = NULL;
+               usbduxsub[index].urbOut[i]->pipe =
+                   usb_sndisocpipe(usbduxsub[index].usbdev, ISOOUTEP);
+               usbduxsub[index].urbOut[i]->transfer_flags = URB_ISO_ASAP;
+               usbduxsub[index].urbOut[i]->transfer_buffer =
+                   kzalloc(SIZEOUTBUF, GFP_KERNEL);
+               if (!(usbduxsub[index].urbOut[i]->transfer_buffer)) {
+                       dev_err(dev, "comedi_: usbduxsigma%d: "
+                               "could not alloc. transb.\n", index);
+                       tidy_up(&(usbduxsub[index]));
+                       mutex_unlock(&start_stop_sem);
+                       return -ENOMEM;
+               }
+               usbduxsub[index].urbOut[i]->complete = usbduxsub_ao_IsocIrq;
+               usbduxsub[index].urbOut[i]->number_of_packets = 1;
+               usbduxsub[index].urbOut[i]->transfer_buffer_length =
+                       SIZEOUTBUF;
+               usbduxsub[index].urbOut[i]->iso_frame_desc[0].offset = 0;
+               usbduxsub[index].urbOut[i]->iso_frame_desc[0].length =
+                   SIZEOUTBUF;
+               if (usbduxsub[index].high_speed) {
+                       /* uframes */
+                       usbduxsub[index].urbOut[i]->interval = 8;
+               } else {
+                       /* frames */
+                       usbduxsub[index].urbOut[i]->interval = 1;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* pwm */
+       if (usbduxsub[index].high_speed) {
+               /* max bulk ep size in high speed */
+               usbduxsub[index].sizePwmBuf = 512;
+               usbduxsub[index].urbPwm = usb_alloc_urb(0, GFP_KERNEL);
+               if (usbduxsub[index].urbPwm == NULL) {
+                       dev_err(dev, "comedi_: usbduxsigma%d: "
+                               "Could not alloc. pwm urb\n", index);
+                       tidy_up(&(usbduxsub[index]));
+                       mutex_unlock(&start_stop_sem);
+                       return -ENOMEM;
+               }
+               usbduxsub[index].urbPwm->transfer_buffer =
+                   kzalloc(usbduxsub[index].sizePwmBuf, GFP_KERNEL);
+               if (!(usbduxsub[index].urbPwm->transfer_buffer)) {
+                       dev_err(dev, "comedi_: usbduxsigma%d: "
+                               "could not alloc. transb. for pwm\n", index);
+                       tidy_up(&(usbduxsub[index]));
+                       mutex_unlock(&start_stop_sem);
+                       return -ENOMEM;
+               }
+       } else {
+               usbduxsub[index].urbPwm = NULL;
+               usbduxsub[index].sizePwmBuf = 0;
+       }
+
+       usbduxsub[index].ai_cmd_running = 0;
+       usbduxsub[index].ao_cmd_running = 0;
+       usbduxsub[index].pwm_cmd_running = 0;
+
+       /* we've reached the bottom of the function */
+       usbduxsub[index].probed = 1;
+       mutex_unlock(&start_stop_sem);
+
+       ret = request_firmware_nowait(THIS_MODULE,
+                                     FW_ACTION_HOTPLUG,
+                                     "usbduxsigma_firmware.bin",
+                                     &udev->dev,
+                                     GFP_KERNEL,
+                                     usbduxsub + index,
+                                     usbdux_firmware_request_complete_handler
+                                     );
+
+       if (ret) {
+               dev_err(dev, "Could not load firmware (err=%d)\n", ret);
+               return ret;
+       }
+
+       dev_info(dev, "comedi_: successfully initialised.\n");
+       /* success */
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static void usbduxsigma_disconnect(struct usb_interface *intf)
+{
+       struct usbduxsub *usbduxsub_tmp = usb_get_intfdata(intf);
+       struct usb_device *udev = interface_to_usbdev(intf);
+
+       if (!usbduxsub_tmp) {
+               dev_err(&intf->dev,
+                       "comedi_: disconnect called with null pointer.\n");
+               return;
+       }
+       if (usbduxsub_tmp->usbdev != udev) {
+               dev_err(&intf->dev, "comedi_: BUG! wrong ptr!\n");
+               return;
+       }
+       if (usbduxsub_tmp->ai_cmd_running)
+               /* we are still running a command */
+               usbdux_ai_stop(usbduxsub_tmp, 1);
+       if (usbduxsub_tmp->ao_cmd_running)
+               /* we are still running a command */
+               usbdux_ao_stop(usbduxsub_tmp, 1);
+       comedi_usb_auto_unconfig(udev);
+       mutex_lock(&start_stop_sem);
+       mutex_lock(&usbduxsub_tmp->sem);
+       tidy_up(usbduxsub_tmp);
+       mutex_unlock(&usbduxsub_tmp->sem);
+       mutex_unlock(&start_stop_sem);
+       dev_info(&intf->dev, "comedi_: disconnected from the usb\n");
+}
+
+/* is called when comedi-config is called */
+static int usbduxsigma_attach(comedi_device *dev,
+                             comedi_devconfig *it)
+{
+       int ret;
+       int index;
+       int i;
+       struct usbduxsub *udev;
+
+       int offset;
+
+       comedi_subdevice *s = NULL;
+       dev->private = NULL;
+
+       mutex_lock(&start_stop_sem);
+       /* find a valid device which has been detected by the probe function of
+        * the usb */
+       index = -1;
+       for (i = 0; i < NUMUSBDUX; i++) {
+               if ((usbduxsub[i].probed) && (!usbduxsub[i].attached)) {
+                       index = i;
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (index < 0) {
+               printk(KERN_ERR "comedi%d: usbduxsigma: error: attach failed,"
+                      "dev not connected to the usb bus.\n", dev->minor);
+               mutex_unlock(&start_stop_sem);
+               return -ENODEV;
+       }
+
+       udev = &usbduxsub[index];
+       mutex_lock(&udev->sem);
+       /* pointer back to the corresponding comedi device */
+       udev->comedidev = dev;
+
+       /* trying to upload the firmware into the FX2 */
+       if (comedi_aux_data(it->options, 0) &&
+           it->options[COMEDI_DEVCONF_AUX_DATA_LENGTH]) {
+               firmwareUpload(udev, comedi_aux_data(it->options, 0),
+                              it->options[COMEDI_DEVCONF_AUX_DATA_LENGTH]);
+       }
+
+       dev->board_name = BOARDNAME;
+
+       /* set number of subdevices */
+       if (udev->high_speed) {
+               /* with pwm */
+               dev->n_subdevices = 4;
+       } else {
+               /* without pwm */
+               dev->n_subdevices = 3;
+       }
+
+       /* allocate space for the subdevices */
+       ret = alloc_subdevices(dev, dev->n_subdevices);
+       if (ret < 0) {
+               dev_err(&udev->interface->dev,
+                       "comedi%d: no space for subdev\n", dev->minor);
+               mutex_unlock(&start_stop_sem);
+               return ret;
+       }
+
+       /* private structure is also simply the usb-structure */
+       dev->private = udev;
+
+       /* the first subdevice is the A/D converter */
+       s = dev->subdevices + SUBDEV_AD;
+       /* the URBs get the comedi subdevice */
+       /* which is responsible for reading */
+       /* this is the subdevice which reads data */
+       dev->read_subdev = s;
+       /* the subdevice receives as private structure the */
+       /* usb-structure */
+       s->private = NULL;
+       /* analog input */
+       s->type = COMEDI_SUBD_AI;
+       /* readable and ref is to ground, 32 bit wide data! */
+       s->subdev_flags = SDF_READABLE | SDF_GROUND |
+               SDF_CMD_READ | SDF_LSAMPL;
+       /* 16 A/D channels */
+       s->n_chan = NUMCHANNELS;
+       /* length of the channellist */
+       s->len_chanlist = NUMCHANNELS;
+       /* callback functions */
+       s->insn_read = usbdux_ai_insn_read;
+       s->do_cmdtest = usbdux_ai_cmdtest;
+       s->do_cmd = usbdux_ai_cmd;
+       s->cancel = usbdux_ai_cancel;
+       /* max value from the A/D converter (24bit) */
+       s->maxdata = 0x00FFFFFF;
+       /* range table to convert to physical units */
+       s->range_table = (&range_usbdux_ai_range);
+
+       /* analog out */
+       s = dev->subdevices + SUBDEV_DA;
+       /* analog out */
+       s->type = COMEDI_SUBD_AO;
+       /* backward pointer */
+       dev->write_subdev = s;
+       /* the subdevice receives as private structure the */
+       /* usb-structure */
+       s->private = NULL;
+       /* are writable */
+       s->subdev_flags = SDF_WRITABLE | SDF_GROUND | SDF_CMD_WRITE;
+       /* 4 channels */
+       s->n_chan = 4;
+       /* length of the channellist */
+       s->len_chanlist = 4;
+       /* 8 bit resolution */
+       s->maxdata = 0x00ff;
+       /* unipolar range */
+       s->range_table = (&range_usbdux_ao_range);
+       /* callback */
+       s->do_cmdtest = usbdux_ao_cmdtest;
+       s->do_cmd = usbdux_ao_cmd;
+       s->cancel = usbdux_ao_cancel;
+       s->insn_read = usbdux_ao_insn_read;
+       s->insn_write = usbdux_ao_insn_write;
+
+       /* digital I/O */
+       s = dev->subdevices + SUBDEV_DIO;
+       s->type = COMEDI_SUBD_DIO;
+       s->subdev_flags = SDF_READABLE | SDF_WRITABLE;
+       /* 8 external and 16 internal channels */
+       s->n_chan = 24;
+       s->maxdata = 1;
+       s->range_table = (&range_digital);
+       s->insn_bits = usbdux_dio_insn_bits;
+       s->insn_config = usbdux_dio_insn_config;
+       /* we don't use it */
+       s->private = NULL;
+
+       if (udev->high_speed) {
+               /* timer / pwm */
+               s = dev->subdevices + SUBDEV_PWM;
+               s->type = COMEDI_SUBD_PWM;
+               s->subdev_flags = SDF_WRITABLE | SDF_PWM_HBRIDGE;
+               s->n_chan = 8;
+               /* this defines the max duty cycle resolution */
+               s->maxdata = udev->sizePwmBuf;
+               s->insn_write = usbdux_pwm_write;
+               s->insn_read = usbdux_pwm_read;
+               s->insn_config = usbdux_pwm_config;
+               usbdux_pwm_period(dev, s, PWM_DEFAULT_PERIOD);
+       }
+       /* finally decide that it's attached */
+       udev->attached = 1;
+
+       mutex_unlock(&udev->sem);
+
+       mutex_unlock(&start_stop_sem);
+
+       offset = usbdux_getstatusinfo(dev, 0);
+       if (offset < 0)
+               dev_err(&udev->interface->dev,
+                       "Communication to USBDUXSIGMA failed!"
+                       "Check firmware and cabling.");
+
+       dev_info(&udev->interface->dev,
+                "comedi%d: attached, ADC_zero = %x", dev->minor, offset);
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int usbduxsigma_detach(comedi_device *dev)
+{
+       struct usbduxsub *usbduxsub_tmp;
+
+       if (!dev) {
+               printk(KERN_ERR
+                      "comedi? usbduxsigma detach: dev=NULL\n");
+               return -EFAULT;
+       }
+
+       usbduxsub_tmp = dev->private;
+       if (!usbduxsub_tmp) {
+               printk(KERN_ERR
+                      "comedi?: usbduxsigma detach: private=NULL\n");
+               return -EFAULT;
+       }
+
+       dev_dbg(&usbduxsub_tmp->interface->dev,
+               "comedi%d: detach usb device\n",
+               dev->minor);
+
+       mutex_lock(&usbduxsub_tmp->sem);
+       /* Don't allow detach to free the private structure */
+       /* It's one entry of of usbduxsub[] */
+       dev->private = NULL;
+       usbduxsub_tmp->attached = 0;
+       usbduxsub_tmp->comedidev = NULL;
+       dev_info(&usbduxsub_tmp->interface->dev,
+               "comedi%d: successfully detached.\n", dev->minor);
+       mutex_unlock(&usbduxsub_tmp->sem);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/* main driver struct */
+static comedi_driver driver_usbduxsigma = {
+       .driver_name = "usbduxsigma",
+       .module = THIS_MODULE,
+       .attach = usbduxsigma_attach,
+       .detach = usbduxsigma_detach,
+};
+
+/* Table with the USB-devices */
+static const struct usb_device_id usbduxsigma_table[] = {
+       {USB_DEVICE(0x13d8, 0x0020)},
+       {USB_DEVICE(0x13d8, 0x0021)},
+       {USB_DEVICE(0x13d8, 0x0022)},
+       {}                      /* Terminating entry */
+};
+
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(usb, usbduxsigma_table);
+
+/* The usbduxsub-driver */
+static struct usb_driver usbduxsigma_driver = {
+       .name = BOARDNAME,
+       .probe = usbduxsigma_probe,
+       .disconnect = usbduxsigma_disconnect,
+       .id_table = usbduxsigma_table,
+};
+
+/* Can't use the nice macro as I have also to initialise the USB */
+/* subsystem: */
+/* registering the usb-system _and_ the comedi-driver */
+static int __init init_usbduxsigma(void)
+{
+       printk(KERN_INFO KBUILD_MODNAME ": "
+              DRIVER_VERSION ":" DRIVER_DESC "\n");
+       usb_register(&usbduxsigma_driver);
+       comedi_driver_register(&driver_usbduxsigma);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/* deregistering the comedi driver and the usb-subsystem */
+static void __exit exit_usbduxsigma(void)
+{
+       comedi_driver_unregister(&driver_usbduxsigma);
+       usb_deregister(&usbduxsigma_driver);
+}
+
+module_init(init_usbduxsigma);
+module_exit(exit_usbduxsigma);
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR(DRIVER_AUTHOR);
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION(DRIVER_DESC);
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");