@string{PTalkner = "Talkner, Peter"}
@string{RTampe = "Tamp{\'e}, Robert"}
@string{JTang = "Tang, Jianyong"}
+@string{PTavan = "Tavan, P."}
@string{BNTaylor = "Taylor, Barry N."}
@string{THEMath = "Technische Hogeschool Eindhoven, Nederland,
Onderafdeling der Wiskunde"}
verified experimentally but appears physically reasonable."
}
+@article{ grubmuller96,
+ author = HGrubmuller #" and "# BHeymann #" and "# PTavan,
+ title = {Ligand binding: molecular mechanics calculation of the
+ streptavidin-biotin rupture force.},
+ year = 1996,
+ month = feb,
+ day = 16,
+ address = {Theoretische Biophysik, Institut f{\"u}r Medizinische
+ Optik, Ludwig- Maximilians-Universit{\"a}t M{\"u}nchen,
+ Germany. Helmut.Grubmueller@ Physik.uni-muenchen.de},
+ journal = SCI,
+ volume = 271,
+ number = 5251,
+ pages = {997--999},
+ issn = {0036-8075},
+ url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8584939},
+ eprint = {http://pubman.mpdl.mpg.de/pubman/item/escidoc:1690312:2/component/escidoc:1690313/1690312.pdf},
+ language = {eng},
+ keywords = {Bacterial Proteins},
+ keywords = {Biotin},
+ keywords = {Chemistry, Physical},
+ keywords = {Computer Simulation},
+ keywords = {Hydrogen Bonding},
+ keywords = {Ligands},
+ keywords = {Microscopy, Atomic Force},
+ keywords = {Models, Chemical},
+ keywords = {Molecular Conformation},
+ keywords = {Physicochemical Phenomena},
+ keywords = {Protein Conformation},
+ keywords = {Streptavidin},
+ keywords = {Thermodynamics},
+ abstract = {The force required to rupture the streptavidin-biotin
+ complex was calculated here by computer simulations.
+ The computed force agrees well with that obtained by
+ recent single molecule atomic force microscope
+ experiments. These simulations suggest a detailed
+ multiple-pathway rupture mechanism involving five major
+ unbinding steps. Binding forces and specificity are
+ attributed to a hydrogen bond network between the
+ biotin ligand and residues within the binding pocket of
+ streptavidin. During rupture, additional water bridges
+ substantially enhance the stability of the complex and
+ even dominate the binding interactions. In contrast,
+ steric restraints do not appear to contribute to the
+ binding forces, although conformational motions were
+ observed.},
+}
+
+
@article { izrailev97,
author = SIzrailev #" and "# SStepaniants #" and "# MBalsera #" and "#
YOono #" and "# KSchulten,
\subsection{History of simulations}
-Early molecular dynamics (MD) work on receptor-ligand breakage by Grubmuller 1996 and Izrailev 1997 (according to Evans 1997).
-\citet{evans97} introduce a smart Monte Carlo (SMC) Kramers' simulation.
+There is a long history of protein unfolding and unbinding
+simulations. Early work by \citet{grubmuller96} and
+\citet{izrailev97} focused on molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of
+receptor-ligand breakage. Around the same time, \citet{evans97}
+introduced a Monte Carlo Kramers' simulation in the context of
+receptor-ligand breakage. The approach pioneered by \citet{evans97}
+was used as the basis for analysis of the initial protein unfolding
+experiments\citep{rief97a}. However, none of these earlier
+implementations were open source, which made it difficult to reuse or
+validate their results.
+%
+\nomenclature{MD}{Molecular dynamics simulation. Simulate the
+ physical motion of atoms and molecules by numerically solving
+ Newton's equations.}
\subsection{History of experimental AFM unfolding experiments}